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In the present paper an attempt has been made to study of the caste-wise distribution of dwellings, house types based on size and building materials in village Bas Mutsil Ranila. Primary data has been collected from 203 sample households by well prepare schedules. There are thirteen castes Rajput, Brahman, and Baniya (General Population), Khati, Kumhar, Ahir, Nai, Maniyar and Lohar (Other Backward Caste) Chamar, Balmiki, Sirkiband and Doom (Scheduled Caste) lived in the village. It is recorded that about 55 per cent of houses have one to three rooms. Most of the households having four rooms and five or more room houses belong to Rajput, Baniya, Nai, Kumhar and Sirkiband castes. It is observed that 73.40 % houses are pucca (wall with burnt bricks, roof with burnt bricks, concretes, stones, tiles and floor with burnt bricks, concretes, marbles and tiles,) while 25.61 % dwellings are mixed types (burnt brick walls, mud roof and floor with mud cum burnt bricks) and only 0.99 % rural dwellings are still kutcha (mud walls, mud/thatched roof with mud floor). Further, it has also been observed that more than half of the floor of the houses in the village (54.68 %) is built of concrete and burnt bricks and only 3.45 % floor of houses are made of tiles, 19.70 % are made of marbles and 22.17 % are made of mud, are occupied by Rajput, Brahman, Baniya, Ahir, Chamar and Sirkiband castes. The walls of almost all houses are (99.01 %) made of burnt bricks and only 0.99 % houses belong to Chamar caste are made of un-burnt bricks. It is found that most of roofs of houses i.e. 61.58 per cent are made of stones followed by 13.79 % roofs of the houses are made of concretes, 11.82 per cent of burnt bricks, 09.36 % are built of mud and un-burnt bricks and remaining 03.45 per cent roofs of the houses are built of tiles. Finally, it is concluded that three fourth households have better housing conditions due to locally available building materials in the study area.