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The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (hereinafter the Arbitration Act, 1996 or the Act, 1996), which governs Indian arbitration, went into effect on January 25, 1996. This Act is a unification act in the sense that it was designed to give effect to India's many international commitments, including the Model Law of 1985 (the ML, 1985), the New York Convention, and others., 1958 (the NYC, 1958) and the like. The 1996 Act not only consolidates, but also unifies Indian law on domestic and international commercial arbitration (ICA). The existing Indian law of arbitration merits a thorough assessment, first and foremost because an analysis of the ICA in India is impossible without a thorough understanding of Indian arbitration law in general. Second, the Arbitration Act of 1996 applies not just to domestic arbitration but also to international arbitration that takes place outside of India, provided that the disputant parties choose the Act as the relevant law. Other Indian statutes, such as the Indian Contract Act, the Foreign Awards (Recognition and Enforcement) Act, 1961, and others, are significant to arbitration, especially international arbitration. When relevant, the older Arbitration Act (the Arbitration, Act 1940) is also covered. The Act of 1996 regulates the enforcement of foreign court judgments and decrees, as well as the method for carrying out enforcement orders of domestic and foreign sentences and arbitral awards. It is mentioned in the chapters on arbitral award enforcement in India.