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This study was to assess effective teaching strategies of mathematics subject in primary schools of kemissie town . The sampling methods to select the respondents were purposive and random sampling method. And the sample size of the study was determined by Yemane formula for calculating the sample size.Two main instruments MTQ and SQ constructed and administered to five primary schools in kemissie town for 180 selected students and teachers. The collected data were analyzed by inferential statistics using software package social science students SPSS (20.1). The reliability of the research questionnaire was tested by Cronbach�s alpha (0.741) and validated by experienced mathematics teachers. After normality and homogeneity of data tested, factor analysis was applied to extract factors. Finally, t-test was executed to test the significance. Results showed that there are many factors that influence effective strategies of teaching mathematics subject in primary schools. But the researcher categorizes it in three major areas. These are Teachers factors such as less attention of teachers to teach students for conceptual understanding, Anxiety of mathematics due to mathematics teachers, Regarding methods of teaching mathematics(collaborative teaching method), Problem on assessment, inadequate using teaching aids, Inadequate supportive mechanisms and tutorial class, students factors such as, attitude towards mathematics, problem on mental competency of mathematics, anxiety of mathematics, poor reading style, poor time management and school factors such as, schools less attention to mathematics, less follow up how teachers use assessment, less follow up of teachers teaching methodology, less follow up of students behavior on mathematics. It is recommended that the teacher needs to have positive attitudes towards mathematics in class and needs to be willing to help students. School should build awareness of student on how students develop their capacity on mathematics, How to eradicate students math anxiety, Discuss with mathematics teachers on how to use most appropriate teaching and assessing methods, should follow up mathematics teachers how they use lesson plan, try to prepare class- room which is decorated by crafts, mathematical figures and mathematical formulas. KCTE need to give short training on the most appropriate methods to teach mathematics and on assessing students. And students also recommended to use the suggestion that researcher list techniques to learn mathematics easily.