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Abstract: Background of the study Children with intellectual disability have problems in adaptive behavior. The common health problems associated with intellectual disability are, convulsions, sensory impairments, and behaviour problems, delays in language development, emotional and social problems (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Ed. APA; 2013 ). Filial Therapy is a non directive play therapy for children with emotional, social and behavioral problems. The filial therapist trains the parents on skills necessary for filial therapy. According to Van Fleet (2004), filial therapy has been used successfully as a therapy for children to reduce behavioral, emotional and social problems. There is a growing need for interventions that include both behavioral and psychosocial components to better address the needs of children with intellectual disability. Objectives of the study The main aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of filial therapy on behavioural problems of intellectually disabled children. Methods A pre experimental pre test post test design was adopted. Fifty children with mild or moderate intellectual disability were selected for the study, 25 children were boys and 25 children were girls. The samples were selected with purposive sampling technique. The setting of the study was a selected Special school at Calicut district, Kerala. A demographic profoma and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were administered for assessing the behavioural problems of intellectually disabled children. The descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out to find out the effectiveness of filial therapy on intellectually disabled children. Results The study results revealed that more than half (60%) of the children belonged to the age group of 13-17 years. More than half (58%) of children were belonged to nuclear family. Majority (96 %) of children participated in this research had moderate intellectual disability. The results of the study revealed that (44%) had started their schooling since 6-10 years. Forty eight percentages of mothers had secondary education. Majority (64%) of them were housewives. The family income were 5000- 10000rs for 72% of children per month. The mean post test behavioural problem scores (39.84) of intellectually disabled children is less than the mean pre test scores (56.42). The findings revealed that the intervention (filial therapy) was very effective in reducing the behavioural problems of intellectually disabled children (p<0.05).