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Polyunsaturated fatty acids (?-3 fatty acids) have been related to healthy ageing all over life. A moment ago, from fish source ?- 3fatty acids DHA and EPA have been linked to fetal development in AD and cognition related problems. However, since human body does not effectively produce few ?-3 fatty acids, which obtain from marine sources. The brain is extremely augmented with lipid bilayers. Thus, it is accountable to undertake that the compounding of different fatty acids within brain ha importance for the brain functioning, counting neuropsychiatric and cognition development. To know the special effects form fatty acid consumption, we required to depend along the mutual evaluation of observational studies, observations and Interventional studies. The brain is enriched with lipid bilayers of ?-3 fatty acid constituents like DHA and EPA may cause heaps of effects on the mentality. The potential function of ?-3 fatty acids, DHA and EPA in the suppression of cognitive degeneration, including AD have involved key importance for the past two decades. Additionally, AD has delivered the utmost positive sign to backing the situation that inflammation contributes to neurodegenerative disorder. It is assumed that primarily, management or prevention of inflammation may delay the indications of AD. Ordinarily, switches the brain physiology with increased age, making up a reduction of elongated chain ?-3 fatty acids and brain of AD patients have reduced the DHA presence. Provided supplementary DHA can decrease the indications of inflammations. The health related benefits of ?- 3 fatty acids are very appreciable. Currently, there is no any evidence of maintenance or confirmation of that modifiable risk parameters like herbal medicines, nutritional supplements, modified diet etc. Are associated with reduced the risk elements of AD or the cognition failure. Even though, multiple studies are demonstrating that lifestyle and diet related parameters are the chief risk factors for AD and cognition behavior. This chapter basically focused on the different functions of ?-3 fatty acids, mainly DHA and EPA in different neurodegerative diseases and disorders.