Published Paper Details:

The occupation of fishing has been deeply intertwined with the historical and cultural fabric of Manipur, both before and after its formal state formation. This study delves into the diverse fishing practices employed by the early inhabitants of Manipur, highlighting the significance of its topographical and ecological landscape in fostering a rich fishing tradition. From the pre-modern era to contemporary times, fishing has not only served as a vital source of sustenance but also as a way of life for the Meiteis and other communities dwelling in the valley. Traditional fishing techniques such as scoop nets, plunge cover baskets, spike fishing, and long-line fishing have been meticulously passed down through generations, reflecting a deep-seated connection between the people and their natural surroundings. Moreover, the establishment of fishing weirs and canals under the patronage of local chiefs and leaders has played a pivotal role in augmenting fish capture and facilitating pisciculture. Through the lens of historical accounts and folklore, this study elucidates the intricate network of fishing weirs and canals, each bearing unique names and cultural significance. Furthermore, the integration of fishing into agricultural practices underscores its multifaceted role in Manipuri society. Cultivators, during the rice cultivation season, engaged in fishing within their fields, utilizing homemade nets and rectangular fishing tools to supplement their livelihoods. The study also sheds light on the seasonal dynamics of fishing, delineating between 'Akashoy' and 'Akumshoy' practices conducted during periods of varying water levels. Notably, the introduction of the 'Patchaba' system aimed at protecting designated lake areas further exemplifies the cultural reverence for fishing and its ecological significance. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the historical evolution and cultural significance of fishing in Manipur, highlighting its enduring role as a cornerstone of livelihood and cultural heritage.