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Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high molecular weight biopolysacharide discovered by Karl Meyer and his assistant, John Palmer in1934 from the vitreous of bovine eyes. HA is a naturally occurring biopolymer, which has important biological functions in bacteria and higher animals like mammal including humans. Hyaluronic acid is found in most connective tissues and is particularly concentrated in synovial fluid, the vitreous fluid of the cattle, umbilical cords and chicken combs. HA is naturally synthesized by a class of integral membrane proteins called hyaluronan synthases, and degraded by a family of enzymes called hyaluronidases. Hyaluronic acid has many qualities that recommend it over other substances used in skin regeneration, with moisturizing and anti-ageing effects. Its molecular weight influences its penetration into the skin and its biological activity. Considering nowadays, hyaluronic acid has a wide use and a multitude of applications (in ophthalmology, arthrology, pneumology, rhinology, aesthetic medicine, oncology, nutrition, and cosmetics).This review describes , different physiological and pathological functions, metabolism basic pharmacological properties, and the clinical use of hyaluronic acid.