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ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effect of ZnSO4 on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis of fresh water teleost male Anabas testudineus. The hypothalamus is projected ventrally as a round infundibulum which is connected with the hypophysis (pituitary gland) in the brain by an indistinct pituitary stalk; this concept is called as hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system or hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. For the study experiment were carried out by exposing the male Anabas testudineus to the test solutions containing various concentrations of heavy metal ZnSO4 (zink sulphate) and 50% mortality was recorded at 96 hours exposure period. The LC50 value calculated was 3 mg/l. On the basis of lethal dose test animals were exposed to the sub-lethal dose for a long period of 30 days then histopathologically and quantitatively observed the effect of heavy metal on neurohypophysial complex of fish. Results indicated that the neurohypophysial complex of fresh water fish Anabas testudineus is sensitive to the heavy metal pollutant zink sulphate and affect the spawning of fish. Effect of Zink sulphate on GSI was found statistically significant (P<0.05) after 30 days exposure between control and pollutant group.