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ABSTRACT :- Foreign direct investment plays an important role in developing countries such as India where every sector is developing and the government sometimes faces the shortage of investments. In such situations foreign direct investment plays an important role. indian railways are such an example which has shortage of funds. our indian railways need robust investment which can be met only if private investment or investors are attracted. Indian raiways are the one single entity that touches lives of all indians, some more regularly than others. Indian passengers trains is subsidized by freight trains . Not only this India loses as much as 45 billion dollar a year due to poor logistics infrastructure. As of 1st April 2020 , indian raiways has electrified 39,866 route kms which accounts for 58.49% of total route kms and 62.65% of total broad-gauge route kms . on july 1 , 2020 the railway ministry announced that 151 trains in 109 pairs of routes will be operated by the private sectors . to develop india's railway infrastructure government are planning to privatise the Indian railways . The privatisation has been recommended for many decades, by the erstwhile planning commission of India and now by Niti ayog. Liberalising the entry of new operators in the public transport that remains a government monopoly, may be the path for improving services , and falicitating growth of the sector . However , the idea of privatisation has its own merits and demerits. The objectives of this research are :- To study the need of privatisation of Indian railways, and for this secondary data is used and that has been collected form different sources which is analysed and interpreted properly.