Published Paper Details:

In our daily lives, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are used for various applications due to its features like low cost, low power, and ease of implementation. The mentioned features reciprocate its wide use for tracking and monitoring applications. These networks collect the data by means of sensor nodes about physical or chemical parameters, and further, move it towards the sink for additional handling. To attain the data transfer, sensor nodes require routing protocols which provide the best efficient path to establish reliable communication in the networks. Based on the characteristics and capabilities of sensor nodes like energy, communication infrastructure and deployment of nodes, it is difficult to employ within the network. The use of routing protocols, thus, plays a vital role in compromising this difficulty. These protocols rely upon the necessities of different WSN applications. Opportunistic Routing (OR) along with the sensor nodes present in the path, performs forwarding of the data packets to obtain high throughput in unreliable links. Hence, to improve the network lifespan, the selection of an opportunistic energy-efficient routing protocol tends to be a crucial task. A study and comparison of various opportunistic routing protocols is carried out. Depending on the comparison, the algorithms which provide minimum energy consumption and maximum network lifetime are studied for future research.