Published Paper Details:

India, after two centuries of British occupation, managed to wriggle out of their yoke in 1947. The infant nation, led by inexperienced political leadership, army top-brass and administrators had just begun to take their first steps in international relations. Maybe, the already soured relations with the neighbour Pakistan prompted the immature leadership to lean towards China and build up a very cosy relationship with that country. Throwing caution to the winds, the leadership implicitly believed �all that glitters is gold�. India had to pay a very heavy price for the immaturity of the leadership. The wily neighbour, China, while showing always a smiling face towards India, had been encroaching on the territory of India. A major portion of Ladakh, which we show as ours in maps, was encroached upon and swallowed by China. They constructed a very strategic road from Sinkiang to Tibet. Once the Chinese became confident that the areas up to Khunark Fort in the West and Pangong Lake in the South had come totally under their control, they published maps showing the area as Chinese territory. They occupied the area without any challenge from Indian forces. When India finally woke up and sent some ill equipped forces, they were either massacred or captured by the Chinese forces. The captured forces were subjected to inhuman treatment by the Chinese forces. The day the Indian forces were massacred is observed as Commemoration Day in Police Lines.