Published Paper Details:

Technological innovations have improved the quality of life; thousands of kilometers can be traveled in hours or less. Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) has become a promising topic in research community due to its various applications like safety, infotainment, and traffic management application. VANET supports Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communication. With an increase in the number of vehicles on the road, the number of vehicle accidents is also increasing in equivalent pace. Therefore, safety is the essence of daily life; to reduce this adverse effect vehicle to vehicle communication is predominantly required. For safety applications, vehicle broadcast two types of messages that are beacons and emergency messages. Beacons include vehicle status like position, velocity, speed, etc. are disseminated periodically. Vehicles for safety application broadcast self-information messages, which sometimes results in congestion due to increasing vehicle density. To avoid congestion, our attention is towards designing a MAC protocol that utilizes the communication medium efficiently; reliable and undelayed message reception are taken into consideration. The most challenging task is to deliver emergency messages before the deadline. VANET other applications also had made Internet services available during traveling and had given a smooth shape to traffic. The characteristics, applications, review of the challenges of VANET such as congestion is discussed. we present the existing congestion control techniques in decentralized vehicular environments also known as Decentralized Congestion Control (DCC), and a comparative analysis is performed of the schemes.