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ABSTRACT Agriculture began when early humans realized that some of the plants growing in the wild could be used for food, clothing and health care. Humans all over the world identified, selected and cultivated only those plants that were useful to them and were best suited for cultivation in their regions. Each crop plant is considered to have originated in a specific region of the world. Crop plants from these regions spread to other parts of the world during different periods of our agricultural history. According to the Government of India, one of the reasons to legislate the PPVFR Act and to allow PBR on plant varieties is the TRIPS agreement India signed under WTO. Considering the consequences of this to Indian agriculture and the farming community, one may like to ask why India did join the WTO and undertook such agreements. WTO is a world organization for trade. International trade is important to all countries and more so to India because of its big population and growing economy. India is a founder member and key player of the United Nations system and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The GATT, which was established under UN, has now been changed to the WTO. International relations are important for every country, particularly in times of globalization. International relations, however, have both advantages and disadvantages. Every country tries to achieve a net advantage over the long term. In the WTO, India is one among 147 countries. Most of the countries who are not currently members of the WTO are trying to get membership.