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"Voices from the Darkness: Social Criticism and Class Inequality in Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger"
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DR SAROJA MANDAL
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Keywords: Social criticism, class inequality, corruption, globalization, caste hierarchy, post-liberalization India, Indian English fiction
Abstract
Abstract
Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger (2008) presents a powerful narrative that exposes the socio-economic inequalities embedded in contemporary Indian society. Through the voice of Balram Halwai, a poor village boy who eventually becomes an entrepreneur in Bangalore, the novel reveals the harsh realities of poverty, class hierarchy, corruption, and moral degradation in a rapidly globalizing India. The narrative functions as a critique of the structural injustices that shape the lives of marginalized individuals while highlighting the contradictions of India's economic growth. This paper examines the various dimensions of social criticism in The White Tiger, focusing on class disparity, systemic corruption, caste hierarchy, and the socio-psychological mechanisms that sustain oppression. The study employs textual analysis and socio-cultural interpretation to analyze how Adiga uses satire, symbolism, and narrative structure to expose the darker realities of Indian society. The research also explores the symbolic significance of the "Rooster Coop" metaphor and the transformation of Balram Halwai as a representation of rebellion against oppressive structures. By examining the novel within the broader context of post-liberalization India, the paper argues that The White Tiger functions as a literary critique of economic globalization and its uneven social consequences. Ultimately, the study demonstrates that Adiga's work serves not only as a fictional narrative but also as a social document reflecting the complexities and contradictions of modern India.
IJCRT's Publication Details
Unique Identification Number - IJCRT2603205
Paper ID - 302638
Author type - Indian Author
Page Number(s) - b685-b689
Pubished in - Volume 14 | Issue 3 | March 2026
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No Of Downloads - 50
Author Country - India, 752084, NAYAGARH, NAYAGARH, 752084, Arts All
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DR SAROJA MANDAL, ""Voices from the Darkness: Social Criticism and Class Inequality in Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger"", International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), ISSN:2320-2882, Volume.14, Issue 3, pp.b685-b689, March 2026, Available at :http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2603205.pdf
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ISSN: 2320-2882 Impact Factor: 7.97 and ISSN APPROVED Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2013
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ISSN: 2320-2882 Impact Factor: 7.97 and ISSN APPROVED Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2013
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