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Paper Title
DUTIES AND DISABILITIES OF SUDRA IN ANCIENT INDIA
Authors
Kripa Mukherjee
Keywords
??dra caste, Fourth var?a, Var?a system, Duties of ??dra, Disabilities of ??dra.
Abstract
In this article an attempt has been to find out the duties and disabilities of ??dra in ancient India. The life of ??dra in ancient India was very iserable. He was considered the fourth var?a. He was the servant of twice-born classes and may engage in agriculture, rearing cattle, carrying loads, sale of commodities, drawing, painting, dancing, singing and playing on musical instruments. He lives on the mercy of upper var?as. He had not allowed to study the Veda. He
was not to consecrate sacred fires and to perform the solemn Vedic sacrifices. He was not debarred from hearing itih?sa
(like the Mah?bh?rata) and the Pura?as. He was considered impure. He was not owner of anything. The sm?tis did
not like that wealth should be accumulated in the hands of the ??dra. If he committed any mistake by chance, then his
punishment was very hard. He was not appointed as judge. According to sage Manu when the king does not himself
look into the litigation of people owing to pressure of other business, he should appoint a learned br?hma?a as a judge,
but never a ??dra. A br?hma?a was not allowed to receive gifts from a ??dra except under great restriction. He was
compelled to undergo no sa?ask?ra (except marriage). His life in ancient India was very miserable because he was
deprived from everything. I think this article would be very helpful for the government policy makers to make the
policy for the ??dra var?a to uplift.
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IJCRT — journal style
"DUTIES AND DISABILITIES OF SUDRA IN ANCIENT INDIA", IJCRT - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (www.ijcrt.org), ISSN:2320-2882, Vol.6, Issue 1, page no.1682 - 1686, March 2018, Available :https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJPUB1801265.pdf
APA — 7th edition
Mukherjee, K. (2018). DUTIES AND DISABILITIES OF SUDRA IN ANCIENT INDIA. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 6(1), 1682 - 1686. https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJPUB1801265
MLA — 9th edition
Mukherjee, Kripa. "DUTIES AND DISABILITIES OF SUDRA IN ANCIENT INDIA." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, vol. 6, no. 1, 2018, pp. 1682 - 1686, https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJPUB1801265.
Chicago — 17th, bibliography
Mukherjee, Kripa. "DUTIES AND DISABILITIES OF SUDRA IN ANCIENT INDIA." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts 6, no. 1 (2018): 1682 - 1686. https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJPUB1801265.
Harvard — author–date
Mukherjee, K. (2018) 'DUTIES AND DISABILITIES OF SUDRA IN ANCIENT INDIA', International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 6(1), pp. 1682 - 1686. Available at: https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJPUB1801265
IEEE — numbered reference
K. Mukherjee, "DUTIES AND DISABILITIES OF SUDRA IN ANCIENT INDIA," IJCRT, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1682 - 1686, Feb. 2018.
Vancouver — biomedical
Mukherjee K. DUTIES AND DISABILITIES OF SUDRA IN ANCIENT INDIA. IJCRT. 2018 Feb;6(1):1682 - 1686.
AMA — 11th edition
Mukherjee K. DUTIES AND DISABILITIES OF SUDRA IN ANCIENT INDIA. IJCRT. 2018;6(1):1682 - 1686. Accessed at https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJPUB1801265
BibTeX — Zotero, Mendeley, LaTeX
@article{IJPUB1801265,
author = {Kripa Mukherjee},
title = {DUTIES AND DISABILITIES OF SUDRA IN ANCIENT INDIA},
journal = {International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
pages = {1682 - 1686},
year = {2018},
month = {February},
issn = {2320-2882},
url = {https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJPUB1801265}
}
RIS — EndNote, RefWorks
TY - JOUR
AU - Mukherjee, Kripa
TI - DUTIES AND DISABILITIES OF SUDRA IN ANCIENT INDIA
T2 - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts
JA - IJCRT
VL - 6
IS - 1
PY - 2018
SN - 2320-2882
UR - https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJPUB1801265
SP - 1682
EP - 1686
ER -
Issue
Volume 6 Issue 1,
February-2018
Pages : 1682 - 1686
Article Information
- Pages
- 1682 - 1686
- Published
- February 2018
- Registration ID
- IJCRT_182467
- Published Paper ID
- IJPUB1801265
- Research Area
- Medical Science
- Author Type
- Indian Author
- Location
- Krishnanagar, West Bengal, India
- Peer Review
- Request Peer Review Report
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 · Open Access
- ISSN & Impact Factor
- 2320-2882 · IF 9.17
- Downloads
- 1,485
- Permanent Link
- https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJPUB1801265
- Published Paper PDF
- https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJPUB1801265.pdf
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