A Critical Study of Patriarchy and Female Awakening in A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen.

Alpiya V. B

Patriarchy, Female Awakening, Gender Inequality, Marriage, Identity, Freedom, Self-Realization.

This paper examines the themes of both patriarchy and female awakening in the three-act play A Doll's House written by Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen. This focuses on how patriarchal system try to restrict women's freedom, identity, and individuality, at the same time it gives attention to exploring the way, a woman becomes aware of her own value and importance. This play gives the idea of how marital relationships shaped by social expectations and gender inequality. This critical study attempts to analyze the transformation of the protagonist of the play, Nora Helmer, from a weak and dependent wife into an independent and self-respecting individual. It primarily reviews existing critical interpretations of the play and examines how it is situated within the broader framework of feminist literary theory. The study also highlights the symbolic representation of society and the illusion of happiness that is sustained within patriarchal institutions such as marriage, family, and society. This paper further explores how brilliantly Henrik Ibsen challenges stereotypical gender roles and powerfully critiques the social beliefs of the nineteenth century. Nora's journey not only reflects women's awakening but also opens the door to feminist consciousness that questions the established structures of patriarchal society. The play occupies a timeless position in contemporary discussions of gender equality, identity, and freedom. It makes a significant contribution to the understanding of women's awakening and can be considered an important work in world literature that promotes social change and challenges traditional thought.

Volume 14 Issue 4, April-2026

Pages : l253-l257