ISSN2320-2882
Impact Factor9.17
UGC ParametersAligned
Low Cost₹1501 / $59
CrossRefDOI
ESTD2013
Peer ReviewTransparent
AccessOpen
Submission: Always Open
Paper Title
Meander Evolution and Oxbow Lake Geometry along the Bhagirathi River before and after the Farakka Barrage Construction
Authors
DAIZY DHARA , SANAT KUMAR GUCHHAIT
Keywords
Meandering rivers. Farakka Barrage Project. Lake Morphometry. Bhagirathi River. Cut-off Ratio.
Abstract
Oxbow lakes are common landforms in alluvial plains formed by meandering rivers. This study aimed to examine the evolutionary history of the Bhagirathi River course along its basin before and after the construction of the Farakka Barrage, mapping from historical maps dating back to 1767, 1841, 1917, 1955, 1977, 1991, 2010, and 2024, along with satellite images from 1987, 1996, 2007, 2015, and 2024. Reduced navigability and bank degradation clearly illustrate a trajectory of change. To examine the nature of the cut-offs, lake geometry was calculated. Seven parameters--length, width, length/width ratio, curvature, distance from the river, cut-off ratio, and diversion angle--were obtained from Google Earth Pro. From 1996 to 2024, the diversion angle increased as the oxbow lakes aged and progressively separated from the main river. However, this trend differs for two oxbow lakes: one is elongated, and the other is round. In summary, the study's findings reveal the intricate relationship between river dynamics and lake water use, thus showcasing the difficulties faced by local communities
Full Paper, Downloads & Preview
How To Cite
Choose the style your journal or department asks for, then copy it. Every version below is generated from this paper's own record.
IJCRT — journal style
"Meander Evolution and Oxbow Lake Geometry along the Bhagirathi River before and after the Farakka Barrage Construction", IJCRT - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (www.ijcrt.org), ISSN:2320-2882, Vol.14, Issue 3, page no.i363-i374, March 2026, Available :https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT26A3012.pdf
APA — 7th edition
DHARA, D., & GUCHHAIT, S. K. (2026). Meander Evolution and Oxbow Lake Geometry along the Bhagirathi River before and after the Farakka Barrage Construction. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 14(3), i363-i374. https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v14i3.304304
MLA — 9th edition
DHARA, DAIZY, and SANAT KUMAR GUCHHAIT. "Meander Evolution and Oxbow Lake Geometry along the Bhagirathi River before and after the Farakka Barrage Construction." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, vol. 14, no. 3, 2026, pp. i363-i374, https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v14i3.304304.
Chicago — 17th, bibliography
DHARA, DAIZY, and SANAT KUMAR GUCHHAIT. "Meander Evolution and Oxbow Lake Geometry along the Bhagirathi River before and after the Farakka Barrage Construction." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts 14, no. 3 (2026): i363-i374. https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v14i3.304304.
Harvard — author–date
DHARA, D. and GUCHHAIT, S.K. (2026) 'Meander Evolution and Oxbow Lake Geometry along the Bhagirathi River before and after the Farakka Barrage Construction', International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 14(3), pp. i363-i374. Available at: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v14i3.304304
IEEE — numbered reference
D. DHARA and S. K. GUCHHAIT, "Meander Evolution and Oxbow Lake Geometry along the Bhagirathi River before and after the Farakka Barrage Construction," IJCRT, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. i363-i374, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.56975/ijcrt.v14i3.304304.
Vancouver — biomedical
DHARA D, GUCHHAIT SK. Meander Evolution and Oxbow Lake Geometry along the Bhagirathi River before and after the Farakka Barrage Construction. IJCRT. 2026 Mar;14(3):i363-i374. doi: 10.56975/ijcrt.v14i3.304304
AMA — 11th edition
DHARA D, GUCHHAIT SK. Meander Evolution and Oxbow Lake Geometry along the Bhagirathi River before and after the Farakka Barrage Construction. IJCRT. 2026;14(3):i363-i374. doi:10.56975/ijcrt.v14i3.304304
BibTeX — Zotero, Mendeley, LaTeX
@article{IJCRT26A3012,
author = {DAIZY DHARA and SANAT KUMAR GUCHHAIT},
title = {Meander Evolution and Oxbow Lake Geometry along the Bhagirathi River before and after the Farakka Barrage Construction},
journal = {International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts},
volume = {14},
number = {3},
pages = {i363-i374},
year = {2026},
month = {March},
issn = {2320-2882},
doi = {10.56975/ijcrt.v14i3.304304},
url = {https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v14i3.304304}
}
RIS — EndNote, RefWorks
TY - JOUR
AU - DHARA, DAIZY
AU - GUCHHAIT, SANAT KUMAR
TI - Meander Evolution and Oxbow Lake Geometry along the Bhagirathi River before and after the Farakka Barrage Construction
T2 - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts
JA - IJCRT
VL - 14
IS - 3
PY - 2026
SN - 2320-2882
DO - 10.56975/ijcrt.v14i3.304304
UR - https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v14i3.304304
SP - i363-i374
ER -
Issue
Volume 14 Issue 3,
March-2026
Pages : i363-i374
Article Information
- Pages
- i363-i374
- Published
- March 2026
- Registration ID
- IJCRT_304304
- Published Paper ID
- IJCRT26A3012
- Research Area
- Social Science All
- Author Type
- Indian Author
- Location
- KOLKATA, WEST BENGAL, India
- Peer Review
- Request Peer Review Report
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 · Open Access
- ISSN & Impact Factor
- 2320-2882 · IF 9.17
- Downloads
- 191
- Permanent Link
- https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT26A3012
- Published Paper PDF
- https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT26A3012.pdf
Check for updates. Crossmark shows whether this article has been corrected, updated or retracted since publication, and links to the current version of record.
Summarise this Paper with AI
Opens your assistant with a prepared prompt. AI summaries can be incomplete or wrong — read the full paper before citing it.
Author Services
Certificates, printed copies and official reports for this paper
Published authors can request a hard copy of their certificate or of the printed journal, and obtain the transparent peer review and plagiarism reports for this article — each issued against this paper’s registration record.
Registration ID IJCRT_304304Printed copies
Hard Copy of CertificatePrinted certificate for each author, posted to you.
Hard Copy of JournalA bound printed copy of the issue this paper appears in.
Reports & recognition
Transparent Peer Review Report
The reviewer comments and decisions behind this article.
Turnitin Plagiarism Report
The similarity check run on this manuscript.
Best Paper Nomination
Put this article forward for the issue’s best paper award.
Requests are verified against the registration ID of this article.
About Publisher
International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts
Published by IJCRT Publication
2320-2882
ISSN
9.17
Impact Factor
2013
ESTD Year
Open
Access
Impact Factor 9.17, calculated from Google Scholar citation data — see how it is worked out.
An international scholarly open access journal: peer-reviewed, refereed, multidisciplinary, monthly and multilingual, with Crossref DOI registration, rich metadata and a citation generator. Verified indexing & discovery records.
IJCRT is a Transparent, Peer-Reviewed, Open Access Journal (Refereed Journal). Following the discontinuation of UGC and UGC-CARE journal listing, IJCRT is aligned with UGC’s Suggested Parameters for Choosing Peer-Reviewed Journals. UGC Public Notice
Licence
© 2026 — Authors hold the copyright of this article.
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
and The Open Definition.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0),
which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Disclaimer:
The content, data and findings in this article are based on the authors’ research and have been
peer-reviewed for academic purposes only. Readers are advised to verify all information before practical
or commercial use. The journal and its editorial board are not liable for any errors, losses or
consequences arising from its use.
Declarations
Funding
No external funding was received for this study.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the reviewers and the editorial board of International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts for their careful reading and constructive comments, and all colleagues who supported the preparation of this manuscript.
About the Journal
9.17Impact Factor
UGC AlignedSuggested Parameters
TransparentPeer Review
Open AccessNo Paywall
CrossrefDOI Available
Monthly12 Issues / Year
Since 2013Established
2320-2882ISSN
How Publication Works
1Submit Your PaperOnline or by email. A registration ID is issued straight away.
2Transparent Peer ReviewDouble-blind review by subject experts, reported openly.
3AcceptanceThe result reaches you by email and SMS against your registration ID.
4Published Open AccessFree to read worldwide, with certificate and letter ready to download.
Article Impact
58Views
48Downloads
106Total reads
Mar 2026Published
Published · 198 days ago
Today · last read today
2.3 views and 1.9 downloads per day over 25 days counted.
Counts exclude identified crawler traffic and repeat hits from the same reader within 30 minutes. Downloads reached directly through a search engine or an existing citation link are not included, so the figure is a conservative count of activity through this site. Full statistics
Discovery & Indexing
Find this paper on search engines and scholarly indexes, and check the journal’s verified records.
Find this paperSearch
Google ScholarExact-title search, with citing articles once indexed.Search
CrossrefThe registered DOI record and its metadata.Open DOI record
Semantic ScholarAI-powered literature search.Search- BASEBASEBielefeld Academic Search Engine — open-access harvester.Search
ResearchGateResearch network publication search.Search
Journal recordsVerified
“Search” opens a live search for this paper; “Verified” opens a journal record checked on the Indexing & Discovery page. Third-party services index at their own discretion, often several weeks after publication.
