ISSN2320-2882
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Paper Title
Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Oleic Acid Coated Kerosene-Based Fe?O? Ferrofluids
Authors
Amit Nathani , Khushbu Patel , Ankit Shah , Shailesh Padsala , Manoj Godhaniya
Keywords
Ferrofluids, Magnetite nanoparticles, Oleic acid, Kerosene, Chemical co-precipitation
Abstract
Ferrofluids are colloidal suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles in carrier liquids that exhibit unique magnetorheological properties. Kerosene-based ferrofluids containing oleic acid-coated magnetite (Fe?O?) nanoparticles have gained attention due to their excellent thermal stability, low volatility, and superior dispersion characteristics. This review examines the synthesis methodologies, characterization techniques, and diverse applications of oleic acid-coated kerosene-based Fe?O? ferrofluids.
We analyzed chemical co-precipitation and thermal decomposition methods for Fe?O? nanoparticle synthesis, emphasizing oleic acid's role as a surfactant in achieving stable colloidal dispersions. Characterization approaches discussed include X-ray diffraction (XRD) for phase identification, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for morphological analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for confirming oleic acid coating, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) for magnetic property evaluation, and rheological measurements for assessing flow behavior. The chemical bonding mechanisms between oleic acid and magnetite surfaces are critically analyzed.
The review highlights how oleic acid surface modification prevents particle agglomeration and enhances long-term stability in non-polar kerosene carriers. Characterization reveals distinct patterns in XRD peaks, magnetization curves, and viscosity-temperature relationships governing ferrofluid performance. Kerosene-based ferrofluids demonstrate superior performance in heat transfer enhancement for cooling systems, damping applications in shock absorbers and vibration control, and magnetic fluid sealing technology for rotary seals and vacuum feedthroughs. Emerging biomedical applications include drug delivery and magnetic hyperthermia therapy.
This review synthesizes current knowledge on oleic acid-coated kerosene-based Fe?O? ferrofluids and identifies future research opportunities in nanoparticle size optimization, surface chemistry modification, and application-specific formulations, serving as a resource for researchers working on ferrofluid development across technological domains.
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IJCRT — journal style
"Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Oleic Acid Coated Kerosene-Based Fe?O? Ferrofluids", IJCRT - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (www.ijcrt.org), ISSN:2320-2882, Vol.14, Issue 3, page no.d215-d225, March 2026, Available :https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2603386.pdf
APA — 7th edition
Nathani, A., Patel, K., Shah, A., Padsala, S., & Godhaniya, M. (2026). Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Oleic Acid Coated Kerosene-Based Fe?O? Ferrofluids. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 14(3), d215-d225. https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2603386
MLA — 9th edition
Nathani, Amit, et al. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Oleic Acid Coated Kerosene-Based Fe?O? Ferrofluids." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, vol. 14, no. 3, 2026, pp. d215-d225, https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2603386.
Chicago — 17th, bibliography
Nathani, Amit, et al. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Oleic Acid Coated Kerosene-Based Fe?O? Ferrofluids." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts 14, no. 3 (2026): d215-d225. https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2603386.
Harvard — author–date
Nathani, A. et al. (2026) 'Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Oleic Acid Coated Kerosene-Based Fe?O? Ferrofluids', International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 14(3), pp. d215-d225. Available at: https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2603386
IEEE — numbered reference
A. Nathani, K. Patel, A. Shah, S. Padsala and M. Godhaniya, "Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Oleic Acid Coated Kerosene-Based Fe?O? Ferrofluids," IJCRT, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. d215-d225, Mar. 2026.
Vancouver — biomedical
Nathani A, Patel K, Shah A, Padsala S, Godhaniya M. Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Oleic Acid Coated Kerosene-Based Fe?O? Ferrofluids. IJCRT. 2026 Mar;14(3):d215-d225.
AMA — 11th edition
Nathani A, Patel K, Shah A, Padsala S, Godhaniya M. Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Oleic Acid Coated Kerosene-Based Fe?O? Ferrofluids. IJCRT. 2026;14(3):d215-d225. Accessed at https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2603386
BibTeX — Zotero, Mendeley, LaTeX
@article{IJCRT2603386,
author = {Amit Nathani and Khushbu Patel and Ankit Shah and Shailesh Padsala and Manoj Godhaniya},
title = {Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Oleic Acid Coated Kerosene-Based Fe?O? Ferrofluids},
journal = {International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts},
volume = {14},
number = {3},
pages = {d215-d225},
year = {2026},
month = {March},
issn = {2320-2882},
url = {https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2603386}
}
RIS — EndNote, RefWorks
TY - JOUR
AU - Nathani, Amit
AU - Patel, Khushbu
AU - Shah, Ankit
AU - Padsala, Shailesh
AU - Godhaniya, Manoj
TI - Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Oleic Acid Coated Kerosene-Based Fe?O? Ferrofluids
T2 - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts
JA - IJCRT
VL - 14
IS - 3
PY - 2026
SN - 2320-2882
UR - https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2603386
SP - d215-d225
ER -
Issue
Volume 14 Issue 3,
March-2026
Pages : d215-d225
Article Information
- Pages
- d215-d225
- Published
- March 2026
- Registration ID
- IJCRT_303010
- Published Paper ID
- IJCRT2603386
- Research Area
- Science All
- Author Type
- Indian Author
- Location
- SURAT, Gujarat, India
- Peer Review
- Request Peer Review Report
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 · Open Access
- ISSN & Impact Factor
- 2320-2882 · IF 9.17
- Downloads
- 218
- Permanent Link
- https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2603386
- Published Paper PDF
- https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2603386.pdf
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