Design and Performance Analysis of Pneumatic Air Braking System for Heavy Vehicles

Vrunda sunil ghule , Priyanka krushna Gholap , Amruta uday rokade , Sakshi chhagan Bolij

Pneumatic braking system, heavy vehicles, compressed air, brake chamber, braking force, pressure analysis

Heavy vehicles such as trucks, buses, and commercial transport carriers operate under high load conditions and require a dependable braking system to ensure road safety and vehicle stability. Due to the large mass and continuous operation of these vehicles, the braking mechanism must generate sufficient stopping force while maintaining consistent performance over long distances. Pneumatic air braking systems have become the preferred choice in heavy vehicles because of their ability to produce high braking force and incorporate safety-oriented features. However, conventional braking methods such as hydraulic systems face limitations when applied to heavy-duty vehicles, particularly in terms of pressure capacity, heat resistance, and fail-safe reliability. These limitations highlight the need for a more robust and secure braking mechanism capable of handling high operational stresses. The objective of this study is to examine the design, working principle, and performance characteristics of a pneumatic air braking system used in heavy vehicles. The research focuses on understanding how compressed air is generated, stored, regulated, and converted into mechanical braking force at the wheel assembly. The methodology includes a detailed analysis of major components such as the air compressor, reservoir tank, control valves, brake chamber, and actuating mechanism. The system operation is studied by evaluating pressure distribution, response time, and braking force transmission under varying load conditions. Functional analysis is used to assess system reliability and safety during normal and emergency braking situations. The findings indicate that pneumatic air braking systems provide effective force amplification, quick response, and improved operational safety compared to traditional braking systems in heavy vehicles. The built-in fail-safe features further enhance reliability during pressure loss conditions. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that pneumatic air braking systems are highly suitable for heavy-duty transportation applications and play a vital role in ensuring vehicle safety and performance efficiency.

Volume 14 Issue 3, March-2026

Pages : c909-c918