ISSN2320-2882
Impact Factor9.17
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ESTD2013
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Paper Title
Reforming India's Civil Justice System Through Mandatory ADR: Comparative Insights from the United States, United Kingdom and European Union
Authors
Manamohan KN , Dr. Nagaraja V
Keywords
Mandatory ADR, Civil Justice Reform, Comparative Law, Section 89 CPC, Mediation Act 2023, United States, United Kingdom, European Union
Abstract
India's civil justice system is also plagued by chronic pendency, procedural lags, and the mounting cost of litigation . This article examines how compulsory Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms, especially mediation, can transform India's civil justice system. Learning from comparative experiences in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union, the paper analyses legislative models, institutional frameworks, and judicial initiatives facilitating compulsory or court-annexed ADR . The research examines Section 89 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC), the Commercial Courts Act, and the Mediation Act, 2023, against their limitations . Using the comparative analysis, it suggests a reform agenda balancing party autonomy and efficiency, judicial oversight, and setting accreditation standards for mediators. The results indicate that calibrated obligatory ADR has the potential to improve access to justice, decongest courts, and bring India's delivery of justice up to international best practices.
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IJCRT — journal style
"Reforming India's Civil Justice System Through Mandatory ADR: Comparative Insights from the United States, United Kingdom and European Union", IJCRT - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (www.ijcrt.org), ISSN:2320-2882, Vol.14, Issue 1, page no.b280-b295, January 2026, Available :https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2601154.pdf
APA — 7th edition
KN, M., & V, N. (2026). Reforming India's Civil Justice System Through Mandatory ADR: Comparative Insights from the United States, United Kingdom and European Union. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 14(1), b280-b295. https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2601154
MLA — 9th edition
KN, Manamohan, and Nagaraja V. "Reforming India's Civil Justice System Through Mandatory ADR: Comparative Insights from the United States, United Kingdom and European Union." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, vol. 14, no. 1, 2026, pp. b280-b295, https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2601154.
Chicago — 17th, bibliography
KN, Manamohan, and Nagaraja V. "Reforming India's Civil Justice System Through Mandatory ADR: Comparative Insights from the United States, United Kingdom and European Union." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts 14, no. 1 (2026): b280-b295. https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2601154.
Harvard — author–date
KN, M. and V, N. (2026) 'Reforming India's Civil Justice System Through Mandatory ADR: Comparative Insights from the United States, United Kingdom and European Union', International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 14(1), pp. b280-b295. Available at: https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2601154
IEEE — numbered reference
M. KN and N. V, "Reforming India's Civil Justice System Through Mandatory ADR: Comparative Insights from the United States, United Kingdom and European Union," IJCRT, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. b280-b295, Jan. 2026.
Vancouver — biomedical
KN M, V N. Reforming India's Civil Justice System Through Mandatory ADR: Comparative Insights from the United States, United Kingdom and European Union. IJCRT. 2026 Jan;14(1):b280-b295.
AMA — 11th edition
KN M, V N. Reforming India's Civil Justice System Through Mandatory ADR: Comparative Insights from the United States, United Kingdom and European Union. IJCRT. 2026;14(1):b280-b295. Accessed at https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2601154
BibTeX — Zotero, Mendeley, LaTeX
@article{IJCRT2601154,
author = {Manamohan KN and Nagaraja V},
title = {Reforming India's Civil Justice System Through Mandatory ADR: Comparative Insights from the United States, United Kingdom and European Union},
journal = {International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {b280-b295},
year = {2026},
month = {January},
issn = {2320-2882},
url = {https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2601154}
}
RIS — EndNote, RefWorks
TY - JOUR
AU - KN, Manamohan
AU - V, Nagaraja
TI - Reforming India's Civil Justice System Through Mandatory ADR: Comparative Insights from the United States, United Kingdom and European Union
T2 - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts
JA - IJCRT
VL - 14
IS - 1
PY - 2026
SN - 2320-2882
UR - https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2601154
SP - b280-b295
ER -
Issue
Volume 14 Issue 1,
January-2026
Pages : b280-b295
Article Information
- Pages
- b280-b295
- Published
- January 2026
- Registration ID
- IJCRT_300020
- Published Paper ID
- IJCRT2601154
- Research Area
- Social Science All
- Author Type
- Indian Author
- Location
- Benagalore, Karnataka, India
- Peer Review
- Request Peer Review Report
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 · Open Access
- ISSN & Impact Factor
- 2320-2882 · IF 9.17
- Downloads
- 200
- Permanent Link
- https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2601154
- Published Paper PDF
- https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2601154.pdf
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