ISSN2320-2882
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Paper Title
THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989: MAHARASHTRA'S DATA PARADOX: RISING REPORTS, STAGNANT JUSTICE
Authors
Sunil Bharadwaj , Dr. S P Mishra , Dr. Falaknaz Shaikh
Keywords
Justice, Investigators, Atrocities, Caste
Abstract
The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, represents a landmark legislative effort to combat caste-based violence in India. This paper focuses on Maharashtra, a state that presents a critical paradox in the Act's three-decade history: while consistently reporting a high volume of atrocities, it simultaneously suffers from alarmingly low conviction rates that often fall below the national average. This study meticulously dissects the systemic barriers responsible for this implementation gap. It identifies key failures within the policing apparatus, including caste bias and flawed investigations, and critiques the judiciary's inability to deliver speedy justice through functional special courts, leading to staggering case pendency. The analysis highlights how the 2015 and 2018 amendments, while boosting case registrations by reinforcing legal protections, have failed to translate into higher convictions due to these entrenched structural flaws. Using case studies like the Khairlanji massacre, the paper demonstrates how social intimidation and a vacuum of accountability further victimize survivors and derail justice. The central argument is that the Act's potential in Maharashtra remains unrealized not due to legislative deficiencies, but because of deep-seated institutional apathy and societal resistance. Ultimately, the paper contends that transforming the PoA Act from a largely punitive framework into a proactive tool for social justice in Maharashtra requires a concerted, multi-stakeholder strategy. This includes enhancing the capabilities of investigators and prosecutors, enforcing strict accountability for timely trials, and fostering robust collaboration between the state, judiciary, and civil society to dismantle the entrenched barriers to justice.
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IJCRT — journal style
"THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989: MAHARASHTRA'S DATA PARADOX: RISING REPORTS, STAGNANT JUSTICE", IJCRT - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (www.ijcrt.org), ISSN:2320-2882, Vol.13, Issue 11, page no.d98-d102, November 2025, Available :https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2511387.pdf
APA — 7th edition
Bharadwaj, S., Mishra, S. P., & Shaikh, F. (2025). THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989: MAHARASHTRA'S DATA PARADOX: RISING REPORTS, STAGNANT JUSTICE. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 13(11), d98-d102. https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2511387
MLA — 9th edition
Bharadwaj, Sunil, et al. "THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989: MAHARASHTRA'S DATA PARADOX: RISING REPORTS, STAGNANT JUSTICE." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, vol. 13, no. 11, 2025, pp. d98-d102, https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2511387.
Chicago — 17th, bibliography
Bharadwaj, Sunil, S P Mishra, and Falaknaz Shaikh. "THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989: MAHARASHTRA'S DATA PARADOX: RISING REPORTS, STAGNANT JUSTICE." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts 13, no. 11 (2025): d98-d102. https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2511387.
Harvard — author–date
Bharadwaj, S., Mishra, S.P. and Shaikh, F. (2025) 'THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989: MAHARASHTRA'S DATA PARADOX: RISING REPORTS, STAGNANT JUSTICE', International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 13(11), pp. d98-d102. Available at: https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2511387
IEEE — numbered reference
S. Bharadwaj, S. P. Mishra and F. Shaikh, "THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989: MAHARASHTRA'S DATA PARADOX: RISING REPORTS, STAGNANT JUSTICE," IJCRT, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. d98-d102, Nov. 2025.
Vancouver — biomedical
Bharadwaj S, Mishra SP, Shaikh F. THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989: MAHARASHTRA'S DATA PARADOX: RISING REPORTS, STAGNANT JUSTICE. IJCRT. 2025 Nov;13(11):d98-d102.
AMA — 11th edition
Bharadwaj S, Mishra SP, Shaikh F. THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989: MAHARASHTRA'S DATA PARADOX: RISING REPORTS, STAGNANT JUSTICE. IJCRT. 2025;13(11):d98-d102. Accessed at https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2511387
BibTeX — Zotero, Mendeley, LaTeX
@article{IJCRT2511387,
author = {Sunil Bharadwaj and S P Mishra and Falaknaz Shaikh},
title = {THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989: MAHARASHTRA'S DATA PARADOX: RISING REPORTS, STAGNANT JUSTICE},
journal = {International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts},
volume = {13},
number = {11},
pages = {d98-d102},
year = {2025},
month = {November},
issn = {2320-2882},
url = {https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2511387}
}
RIS — EndNote, RefWorks
TY - JOUR
AU - Bharadwaj, Sunil
AU - Mishra, S P
AU - Shaikh, Falaknaz
TI - THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989: MAHARASHTRA'S DATA PARADOX: RISING REPORTS, STAGNANT JUSTICE
T2 - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts
JA - IJCRT
VL - 13
IS - 11
PY - 2025
SN - 2320-2882
UR - https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2511387
SP - d98-d102
ER -
Issue
Volume 13 Issue 11,
November-2025
Pages : d98-d102
Article Information
- Published In
- International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts — Volume 13, Issue 11, November 2025
- Pages
- d98-d102
- Published
- November 2025
- Registration ID
- IJCRT_296531
- Published Paper ID
- IJCRT2511387
- Research Area
- Social Science All
- Author Type
- Indian Author
- Location
- greater noida west, uttar pradesh, India
- Peer Review
- Request Peer Review Report
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 · Open Access
- ISSN & Impact Factor
- 2320-2882 · IF 9.17
- Downloads
- 211
- Permanent Link
- https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2511387
- Published Paper PDF
- https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2511387.pdf
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