Quantum Computing and the Future of Cybersecurity in Industry 5.0: Implications on RSA/ECC Encryption and Strategic Countermeasures Against Shor's Algorithm

Mr. Neelotpal Dey , Mr. Madhup Srivastava

Quantum Computing; Cybersecurity; RSA Encryption; Elliptic Curve Cryptography; Shor's Algorithm; Post-Quantum Cryptography; Quantum Key Distribution; Industry 5.0; Cryptographic Vulnerabilities; Digital Security Framework

Quantum computing is a breakthrough in computational science and has the potential to overcome classical computing systems in solving complex mathematical and optimization problems. The growing relevance of quantum computing is closely aligned with the shift toward Industry 5.0-a technological paradigm that emphasizes intelligent collaboration among automated systems and human decision-making. At the same time, however, this constitutes a critical cybersecurity challenge. The reliability of contemporary digital security frameworks relies fundamentally on public-key cryptosystems-RSA and ECC-which are based on the computational infeasibility of integer factorization and discrete logarithmic problems. Shor's algorithm can perform this task with incredible speed on scalable quantum processors and, when it is launched, will make such encryption mechanisms obsolete. This development puts sensitive communication, financial systems, digital identity frameworks, and blockchain infrastructures at considerable risk. Simultaneously, however, quantum computing opens new avenues for defense, such as QKD and emerging PQC schemes, which have been designed to resist quantum-driven attacks. This paper critically analyzes the dual impact of quantum computing on cybersecurity, assesses the vulnerability of RSA and ECC encryption under quantum attack conditions, and outlines strategic migration frameworks for secure adoption of quantum technologies in Industry 5.0 environments. In doing so, the study emphasizes that governments, enterprises, and technological institutions urgently need to proactively invest in quantum-resilient security infrastructures that ensure long-term data integrity and secure digital transformation.

Volume 13 Issue 11, November-2025

Pages : c204-c216