ISSN2320-2882
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Paper Title
Formulation And Characterization Of Folate Conjugated PEG Spacer-based Nanoparticle For The Effective Targeting Against Breast Cancer Cell Line
Authors
Sailesh Chandra Biswal , Dr. Arun Patel
Keywords
solid lipid nanoparticles; paclitaxel; nanocarriers; breast cancer
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy is frequently hampered by a lack of tumor selectivity, resulting in systemic toxicity and a narrow therapeutic window. To address these limitations, this study reports the design, synthesis, and evaluation of actively targeted solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for the enhanced delivery of paclitaxel (PTX). A series of PTX-loaded SLNs were developed and surface-functionalized with folic acid (FA) as a targeting ligand. The formulations included SLNs with FA conjugated directly to the surface (SLNFA) and SLNs with FA attached via polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacers of two different molecular weights, 1000 Da (SLNP1FA) and 4000 Da (SLNP4FA). Physicochemical characterization revealed that surface modification progressively increased particle size while maintaining a narrow distribution, and significantly enhanced drug entrapment. The SLNP4FA formulation demonstrated the highest drug entrapment efficiency at 58.22% and exhibited the most sustained in vitro drug release profile over 48 hours. The therapeutic efficacy of the nanocarriers was assessed against folate receptor (FR)-positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. All folate-targeted formulations showed superior cytotoxicity compared to free PTX and non-targeted SLNs. Crucially, the efficacy was dependent on the PEG spacer length, with SLNP4FA exhibiting the highest potency. This formulation achieved an IC50 value of 331.29 nM, representing a 48.39% reduction in the IC50 compared to free PTX. These findings demonstrate that optimizing the PEG spacer length is a critical strategy for overcoming steric hindrance and maximizing receptor-mediated endocytosis. The FA-PEG (4000)-SLN architecture represents a highly effective and promising platform for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to solid tumors.
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IJCRT — journal style
"Formulation And Characterization Of Folate Conjugated PEG Spacer-based Nanoparticle For The Effective Targeting Against Breast Cancer Cell Line", IJCRT - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (www.ijcrt.org), ISSN:2320-2882, Vol.13, Issue 9, page no.e898-e921, September 2025, Available :https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2509562.pdf
APA — 7th edition
Biswal, S. C., & Patel, A. (2025). Formulation And Characterization Of Folate Conjugated PEG Spacer-based Nanoparticle For The Effective Targeting Against Breast Cancer Cell Line. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 13(9), e898-e921. https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2509562
MLA — 9th edition
Biswal, Sailesh Chandra, and Arun Patel. "Formulation And Characterization Of Folate Conjugated PEG Spacer-based Nanoparticle For The Effective Targeting Against Breast Cancer Cell Line." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, vol. 13, no. 9, 2025, pp. e898-e921, https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2509562.
Chicago — 17th, bibliography
Biswal, Sailesh Chandra, and Arun Patel. "Formulation And Characterization Of Folate Conjugated PEG Spacer-based Nanoparticle For The Effective Targeting Against Breast Cancer Cell Line." International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts 13, no. 9 (2025): e898-e921. https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2509562.
Harvard — author–date
Biswal, S.C. and Patel, A. (2025) 'Formulation And Characterization Of Folate Conjugated PEG Spacer-based Nanoparticle For The Effective Targeting Against Breast Cancer Cell Line', International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 13(9), pp. e898-e921. Available at: https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2509562
IEEE — numbered reference
S. C. Biswal and A. Patel, "Formulation And Characterization Of Folate Conjugated PEG Spacer-based Nanoparticle For The Effective Targeting Against Breast Cancer Cell Line," IJCRT, vol. 13, no. 9, pp. e898-e921, Sep. 2025.
Vancouver — biomedical
Biswal SC, Patel A. Formulation And Characterization Of Folate Conjugated PEG Spacer-based Nanoparticle For The Effective Targeting Against Breast Cancer Cell Line. IJCRT. 2025 Sep;13(9):e898-e921.
AMA — 11th edition
Biswal SC, Patel A. Formulation And Characterization Of Folate Conjugated PEG Spacer-based Nanoparticle For The Effective Targeting Against Breast Cancer Cell Line. IJCRT. 2025;13(9):e898-e921. Accessed at https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2509562
BibTeX — Zotero, Mendeley, LaTeX
@article{IJCRT2509562,
author = {Sailesh Chandra Biswal and Arun Patel},
title = {Formulation And Characterization Of Folate Conjugated PEG Spacer-based Nanoparticle For The Effective Targeting Against Breast Cancer Cell Line},
journal = {International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts},
volume = {13},
number = {9},
pages = {e898-e921},
year = {2025},
month = {September},
issn = {2320-2882},
url = {https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2509562}
}
RIS — EndNote, RefWorks
TY - JOUR
AU - Biswal, Sailesh Chandra
AU - Patel, Arun
TI - Formulation And Characterization Of Folate Conjugated PEG Spacer-based Nanoparticle For The Effective Targeting Against Breast Cancer Cell Line
T2 - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts
JA - IJCRT
VL - 13
IS - 9
PY - 2025
SN - 2320-2882
UR - https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2509562
SP - e898-e921
ER -
Issue
Volume 13 Issue 9,
September-2025
Pages : e898-e921
Article Information
- Published In
- International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts — Volume 13, Issue 9, September 2025
- Pages
- e898-e921
- Published
- September 2025
- Registration ID
- IJCRT_294006
- Published Paper ID
- IJCRT2509562
- Research Area
- Pharmacy All
- Author Type
- Indian Author
- Location
- Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Peer Review
- Request Peer Review Report
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 · Open Access
- ISSN & Impact Factor
- 2320-2882 · IF 9.17
- Downloads
- 219
- Permanent Link
- https://ijcrt.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJCRT2509562
- Published Paper PDF
- https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2509562.pdf
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