Published Paper Details:

Black cotton soil in India is another name for expansive soil. It tends to change its volume a lot because it takes in a lot of water and shrinks when it dries. This constant swelling and shrinking puts stress on structures, which can lead to damage like cracks in floors, foundations, and basement walls. The main problems with expansive soil are that it doesn't hold weight well, it compresses easily, it swells and puts pressure on things, and it shrinks. Studies have shown that using plastic and industrial waste materials is a good way to make expansive soil more stable. Adding materials like sawdust, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, waste tires, incineration ash, fly ash, ceramic dust, glass fiber, broken bricks, agricultural waste, sawdust ash, and lime to the soil can make it better for geotechnical purposes. These improvements include a better maximum dry density, an optimal moisture content, a plastic limit, a liquid limit, a shear strength, a specific gravity, a swelling potential, and a California Bearing Ratio. Standard geotechnical tests like the Standard Proctor test, the Atterberg limits test, the specific gravity test, the unconfined compressive strength test, the California Bearing Ratio test, and the free swell test are used to measure these properties. This review paper is about figuring out the best amount of waste materials to use to make expansive soil better.