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The Prajamandal movement in the princely state of Patna constituted an important chapter in the political awakening of the Garjat states of Odisha during the late colonial period. This article examines the historical background, socio-economic conditions, and political developments that led to the rise of popular resistance against princely autocracy in Patna State. Under British paramountcy, the Garjat states enjoyed considerable administrative autonomy, which often resulted in arbitrary governance, economic exploitation, excessive taxation, forced labour, and denial of civil rights. Although the nationalist movement initially had limited impact on the feudatory states, the spread of political consciousness during the 1930s gradually inspired the people of Patna to organise themselves against oppressive rule. The study analyses the role of the Orissa States Peoples' Conference, the Prajamandal movement, and the Krushak organisations in mobilising peasants, workers, and educated youth for responsible government and democratic reforms. It also highlights the findings of the Orissa States Enquiry Committee, which exposed the exploitative administrative practices prevailing in the state. The article further examines the influence of the Indian national movement, the response of the princely rulers through repression and political manoeuvring, and the significance of the Eastern States Union in the final phase of princely politics. The article argues that the Prajamandal movement in Patna State was not merely a regional protest against feudal oppression but an integral part of the wider democratic and nationalist struggle in India. The movement ultimately contributed to the political integration of the princely states with independent India and the establishment of democratic governance in Odisha following the merger of Patna State in 1948.