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  Authors

Rashmi Rupam

  Keywords

air-breathing fishes, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, nitrogen metabolism, ornithine-urea cycle, Singhi catfish, ureogenesis

  Abstract


The stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, can tolerate high concentrations of environmental ammonia. Previously, it was regarded as ureogenic, having a functional ornithine-urea cycle (OUC) that could be up-regulated during ammonia-loading. However, contradictory results indicated that increased urea synthesis and switching to ureotelism could not explain its high ammonia tolerance. Hence, we re-examined the effects of exposure to 30 mmol l?1 NH4Cl on its ammonia and urea excretion rates, and its tissue ammonia and urea concentrations. Our results confirmed that H. fossilis did not increase urea excretion or accumulation during 6 days of ammonia exposure, and lacked detectable carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I or III activity in its liver. However, we discovered that it could actively excrete ammonia during exposure to 8 mmol l?1 NH4Cl. As active ammonia excretion is known to involve Na+/K+-ATPase (Nka) indirectly in several ammonia-tolerant fishes, we also cloned various nka?-subunit isoforms from the gills of H. fossilis, and determined the effects of ammonia exposure on their branchial transcripts levels and protein abundances. Results obtained revealed the presence of five nka?-subunit isoforms, with nka?1b having the highest transcript level. Exposure to 30 mmol l?1 NH4Cl led to significant increases in the transcript levels of nka?1b (on day 6) and nka?1c1 (on day 1 and 3) as compared with the control. In addition, the protein abundances of Nka?1c1, Nka?1c2, and total NKA? increased significantly on day 6. Therefore, the high environmental ammonia tolerance of H. fossilis is attributable partly to its ability to actively excrete ammonia with the aid of Nka.

  IJCRT's Publication Details

  Unique Identification Number - IJCRT1133610

  Paper ID - 199777

  Author type - Indian Author

  Page Number(s) - 75-79

  Pubished in - Volume 6 | Issue 2 | April-2018

  DOI (Digital Object Identifier) -   

  No Of Downloads - 1231

  Author Country - 846004, India, Darbhanga, Darbhanga, India, Science

  Publisher Name - IJPUBLICATION | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882

  E-ISSN Number - 2320-2882

  Published Paper PDF : - http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT1133610

  Published Paper URL: : - http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT1133610

  Published Paper PDF Downlaod: - download.php?file=IJCRT1133610

  Cite this article

Rashmi Rupam,   "THE STINGING CATFISH, HETEROPNEUSTES FOSSILIS, EXPOSED TO ENVIRONMENTAL AMMONIA", International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), ISSN:2320-2882, Volume.6, Issue 2, pp.75-79, April-2018, Available at :http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT1133610.pdf

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