Conference Proceeding - ANRF-Sponsored Two-Day National Seminar on "Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Development: Addressing Twin Challenges of Desertification and Climate Change (BSACDC-2025)
Volume 13 | Issue 8

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Activated carbon, plant biomass, adsorption, sustainable, climate change.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cloudbursts--intense, short-duration downpours over small areas--are increasingly implicated in flash floods and landslide disasters across steep terrains, notably the Himalaya. This paper synthesizes physical mechanisms (thermodynamic moisture scaling, mesoscale dynamics, and orographic forcing), recent detection/attribution evidence, and South Asia case studies to assess whether and how climate change is intensifying extreme sub-daily precipitation and flood risk. We also outline data and policy priorities: densified observations, convective-scale modelling, impact-based warnings, land-use regulation, and nature-based solutions. Findings align with IPCC AR6 conclusions that heavy precipitation is increasing with warming; regional attribution studies further link recent catastrophic floods in Pakistan and the western Himalaya to anthropogenic climate change.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cloudbursts, Extreme Rainfall and Flood Risk in a Warming Climate: Processes, Evidence, and Policy Implications

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sustainable development and biodiversity conservation are two intertwined fields that prioritize ecosystem preservation, social advancement, economic expansion, and environmental preservation. The most pressing environmental, socio-economic, and political problem of our time is climate change, which is also one of the main drivers of desertification. Desertification is mostly caused by changes in the climate and human activity like overuse, improper farming methods, deforestation, rapid population increase, and unauthorized access to land and rights. One of the global environmental problems, desertification is the ongoing deterioration of arid landscapes, leading to a decrease in biological productivity. This, in turn, causes a decline in plant biomass, a reduction in land productivity for livestock, crop yields, and societal welfare. However, the effects of desertification brought on by human activity and global warming present difficult problems for the ecosystem today. Because of the extreme variations in temperature and precipitation, ecosystem services in arid regions are particularly susceptible to the effects of global warming. Climate change adaptation and mitigation are two potential strategies identified to address the effects of global warming or desertification. It involves breeding crops, using irrigation techniques to cool the environment, trading plants for carbon, and utilizing carbon capture and storage technology. Therefore, biodiversity conservation and global climate change reduction are linked to ecosystem management strategies aimed at halting desertification. Therefore, the population of the drylands may benefit from greater co-operation and efficacy that arises from the combined implementation of significant environmental accords.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Climate change (CC), Desertification, Ecosystem, Biodiversity

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Through generations of close engagement with their surroundings, Indigenous and local communities have developed cumulative, adaptive, and place-based knowledge known as Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). TEK offers a comprehensive understanding of ecosystems, species behavior, seasonal cycles, and sustainable resource management. It is based on cultural beliefs, practices, and oral traditions. TEK is becoming more widely acknowledged as an essential supplement to scientific approaches in biodiversity and land conservation, especially as society contends with rapid biodiversity loss, land degradation, and climate change (1,2).The importance of TEK in protecting ecological balance and managing natural resources is examined in this review. TEK-based methods demonstrating sustainable land use and biodiversity conservation include community-managed forests, rotational farming, sacred groves, and traditional irrigation systems (3). Through culturally embedded practices, indigenous communities around the world--such as Aboriginal Australians, the Inuit, and in India, the Bishnoi, Apatani, and Khasi-Garo tribes--have successfully conserved ecosystems. Where scientific data is scarce, TEK excels in community-led species identification and habitat restoration initiatives (4,5).Globalization, ecosystem disruption, cultural deterioration, and weak legal protections pose major threats to TEK despite its importance (Aswani et al., 2018). Furthermore, urgent calls for Indigenous data sovereignty and equitable partnerships have emerged in reaction to ethical concerns surrounding TEK exploitation (3). Future conservation efforts must bridge TEK and contemporary science through ethical collaboration, policy support, and participatory models (2,4). This paper advocates for the recognition, preservation, and integration of TEK into national and global conservation strategies. Respecting Indigenous rights and empowering communities will foster biodiversity resilience, cultural continuity, and sustainable development.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), Biodiversity Conservation,Indigenous Knowledge Systems,Sustainable Land Management, Community-Based Conservation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Biodiversity is the variety of flora and fauna on Earth. It is crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems, supporting human life, and ensuring the planet's long-term sustainability. Unfortunately, human activities such as deforestation, pollution, climate change, and urban expansion are causing rapid loss of biodiversity around the world. To address this urgent issue, scientists and conservationists are increasingly turning to modern sensor technologies as powerful tools for monitoring and protecting wildlife and natural habitats. Technologies like camera traps, acoustic sensors, drones, and satellite imaging are now being widely used to observe animals, track environmental changes, and collect data across large and remote areas. These tools allow for real-time, non-invasive, and continuous monitoring of ecosystems, reducing the need for physical presence in the field. This paper reviews how different types of sensors are used in biodiversity research and conservation projects, how they are deployed in various environments, and how their data is processed using advanced technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Overall, the study highlights how sensor technologies are transforming the way we monitor and conserve biodiversity, helping to make more informed and effective decisions to protect nature. It's need of the hour to conserve the nature for present and future generations. It's our responsibility to protect biodiversity by using latest technologies. This year i.e. 2025 theme of world Nature conservation day is also "Connecting people and plants, Exploring digital innovation in wildlife conservation" also supports India's LiFE (Life Style for Environment).

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

camera traps, acoustic sensors, drones, satellite imaging

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Climate change stands as one of the most pressing environmental issues of the 21st century, exerting profound and wide-ranging effects on ecosystems and biodiversity. Today's organisms have evolved from ancestors that endured significant climatic fluctuations in the past; however, they now face a host of new, human-induced challenges, including the unprecedented pace of current climate change. Birds, in particular, serve as highly sensitive indicators of these shifts, with their migration patterns, breeding schedules, feeding habits, and habitat preferences increasingly disrupted by altered climate conditions. Since birds rely heavily on stable environmental cues for their survival, even minor changes in temperature, rainfall, or seasonal timing can trigger substantial ecological imbalances. Migration and reproduction in many avian species are governed by internal biological mechanisms shaped by long-term natural selection, ensuring that arrival at and departure from breeding grounds align with moderate weather, peak food resources, and adequate nesting sites. Egg-laying timing typically depends on both internal clocks and local environmental conditions to maximize food availability for raising offspring. Climate change is disrupting this balance, causing mismatches in food supply, snow cover, and other critical factors, which could jeopardize successful migration and reproduction unless species adapt to new conditions. Non-migratory (resident) birds are also vulnerable if changes in temperature or precipitation lead to seasonal mismatches in breeding and food availability. Projections that many current climate types will vanish while novel climates emerge indicate that avian communities may be reshaped dramatically through extinctions and range shifts. This study seeks to investigate the complex effects of climate change on bird life, using case studies, field observations, and ecological modeling. A clearer understanding of how birds respond to environmental pressures will help identify the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could hinder their ability to adapt--an urgent priority for future research.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

bird, climate change, bird migration, avian reproduction penology, egg lying

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Eastern Ghats' Nallamala Biosphere Reserve includes the Ahobilam Reserved Forests, which are home to a wide variety of plants and animals. This study evaluated species diversity by conducting ecological surveys in riparian, dry deciduous, and moist deciduous ecosystems. In addition to a number of therapeutic understory plants essential to regional ethnomedicine, vegetation research identified dominating tree species such Anogeissus latifolia, Tectona grandis, and Cochlospermum religiosum. Bengal tigers (Panthera tigris), leopards (Panthera pardus), sambar deer (Rusa unicolor), Indian pangolins (Manis crassicaudata) and many bird and insect species were among the ecologically significant species found in the area, according to research on faunal diversity conducted with line transects and camera traps. Simpson's and Shannon-Wiener's species diversity indexes showed moderate to high biodiversity. Riparian and mixed-deciduous environments with intricate canopy and understory structure were highly correlated with the occurrence of wildlife. The results highlight Ahobilam's ecological significance as a hotspot for biodiversity and a useful wildlife corridor in the NSTR ecosystem. However, habitat degradation and pilgrim inflow pose hazards to the area. To maintain the region's floral and faunal richness, conservation measures like controlled tourism, habitat preservation, and biodiversity monitoring are advised.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ahobilam, Nallamala, Flora, Fauna, Biodiversity, Habitat, Conservation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper addresses the "Triple Challenge" of climate change, desertification, and biodiversity loss, arguing that fragmented responses are inadequate. It advocates for integrated, transdisciplinary solutions and nature-based approaches, recognizing synergistic effects and shared drivers. The research uses extensive mixed-methods, combining quantitative (remote sensing, GIS) with qualitative (case studies, participatory action research). It values co-design, multi-criteria analysis, and frameworks integrating social and ecological aspects. Key findings show integrated land management improves biodiversity and ecosystem services, especially in desertified areas. Successful conservation hinges on effective governance, flexible management, and local/traditional knowledge, offering superior economic trade-offs. Empowering locals and integrating their knowledge is crucial for collaborative, equitable conservation. This fosters ownership, improves initiative efficiency, and promotes local prosperity. Community-based ecotourism models sustainable human-natural system development.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

? Main topics | Biodiversity Conservation, Climate Change, Desertification, Sustainable Development ? Key methods | Mixed-Methods, Participatory Action Research ? Central concepts | Integrated Solutions, Community Empowerment

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This article examines how the integration of connected sensor systems and advanced analytical models is transforming the aquaculture industry. The convergence of these technologies provides a powerful framework for real-time monitoring and data collection, allowing for more informed and strategic management of aquatic farms. By leveraging these tools, producers can optimize operational efficiency, mitigate environmental impact, and proactively address risks like disease outbreaks. While challenges exist regarding data reliability and system complexity, continued innovation and collaboration are expected to make these technologies central to the future of sustainable aquaculture.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Aquaculture, Smart Farming, Internet of Things (IoT), Sensors, Data Analytics, Optimization, Sustainability.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) and the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) are the two main classification schemes that can be used to categorize ecosystem services. The ecosystem services are separated into four main service clusters: providing, cultural, regulating, and sustaining. However, the "MEA supporting services" are viewed by the CICES system as an organism's intrinsic function rather as an ecosystem service. Therefore, the provisioning, regulating and cultural CICES ecosystem services that one organism provides are all based on one function. These ecological services can be examined for the species of plants, animals, or environment. The blue-green economy and climate change are making seaweeds, frequently referred to as marine macro algae, one of the most significant organisms in estuary and seawater habitat ecosystems. Throughout the beginning, seaweeds and humans have been connected, mostly because they provide food, textiles, biochemicals, natural medicine, ornamental materials, inspiration for art, and aesthetic qualities in many coastal communities. These are also being researched as carbon sequestration, green carbon, and potential sources for the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. The ecological functions that seaweeds offer, their effects on human existence, and the preservation of ecosystem condition are all succinctly reviewed here.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, Ecological services, The blue-green economy, climate change, Carbon sequestration

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Orchid sustainable use in Thailand started from tissue culture research in some universities in 1967. Later in 1972, orchid tissue culture business expanded rapidly to over 30 million plantlets and employed over 300 workers in 15 labs with about 2.4 million US dollars. The suitable protocols and low-cost tissue culture were developed, as well as conventional breeding program for outstanding cultivars for international markets by the government organizations, institutions, growers, and private companies. The export value started from less than one million US$ to about 82 million US$ in 2022. Major growing factors in natural growing habitats are concerned for appropriate production technology after tissue cultured plantlets. They are altitude, light, temperature, relative humidity, nutrients, and air movement. At present, saran houses constructed with cement poles, cement benches, galvanized pipes for hanging orchid baskets, and black netted nylon roof with 50-60% shade and open sides are developed for low cost, long lasting, and suitability for growing tropical orchids for cut-flower and potted orchids. The cultivation is mostly for many outstanding cultivars of pink-red, white, and yellow-green flowered dendrobiums and blue, pink, and yellow flowered vandaceous orchids which need hot and humid conditions. A complete cycle of orchid production which need breeding program, tissue culture, planting materials (mainly coconut husks, charcoal, and cement block), plastic containers, watering, fertilizer, pest control, post-harvest technology, and transport from farm to packaging houses are effectively implemented. Thailand is famous for exporting cut-flower orchids applying low-cost cultivation but high production. Orchids continue to dominate other ornamental crops in Thailand due to better technology know-how, suitable climatic conditions for dendrobiums and vandaceous orchids, experienced and skillful growers, and exporters, as well as their nationwide popularity. Apart from all these, orchids are a symbol of Thailand that reflects the country's pride internationally.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Thailand, orchid tissue culture, a complete cycle of orchid production

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Nanotechnology concerns with the manipulation of materials at the nano scale. It paves a way for the novel approach in sustainable farming to enhance food production. Nano-food is the one that is cultivated, produced, processed and packaged using nanotechnology. Nanotechnology helps to maintain healthy soil-plant system fostered with the usage of nano fertilizers. Nanoengineering addresses the scarcity of water resources, soil erosion and pest management. Nanoparticle carriers increase the soil fertility, plant growth and yield production. Nanosensors help the plants to absorb optimum quantity of fertilizers, water, sunlight, resulting to a huge harvest. Nanoparticles of metal oxides like ZnO2, Alumina Silicates play the role of intelligent biocides for effective pest control with less damage to the soil fertility. DNA sequencing using nanotechnology with nanoparticles like 3nm mesophorous silica nano particles, graphene nanoribbons for crop improvement. The nanoparticles like Ag, Zn, Cu and Silica particles are effectively used for crop protection. Smart Dust nanosensors works for precision agriculture. Nano Graphene used in food packaging increases the shell life of food product and protects the nutrient quality. The efficient use of nanotechnology in cultivating, harvesting, processing and packaging agricultural goods ensures the quality and durability of nano food. This paper outlines the applications of nanotechnology in cultivating and producing nano-based food. This paper discusses the challenges of nanotechnology and the accumulation of nanoparticles in soil, water, and plants. So, nanotechnology and nano-food can be the best promising choice for future food security.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nanotechnology, nano-food, nano engineering, nano sensors.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Andhra Pradesh, situated along India's southeastern coastline, is highly vulnerable to the multifaceted impacts of climate change. The state's socio-economic structure, heavy dependence on agriculture, dense population, and fragile coastal ecosystem amplify its exposure to climate-induced risks. This paper examines the regional impacts of climate change on agriculture, water resources, biodiversity, and public health, alongside policy responses and adaptive capacities. It further explores sustainable development opportunities through renewable energy, climate-resilient agriculture, and green infrastructure. Drawing from national and state-level frameworks, the paper provides strategic insights into aligning developmental goals with climate resilience in Andhra Pradesh.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Climate Change and Sustainable Development: Challenges and Opportunities in Andhra Pradesh

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Syzygium cumini, also known as jambolan, is a highly valued medicinal plant widely used in the treatment of various illnesses, especially diabetes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the botany, phytochemical components, traditional uses, and pharmacological effects of Syzygium cumini. A thorough search of electronic databases using terms like Eugenia jambolana, jambolan, common plum, and java plum was conducted. This plant has been recognized for its anti-diabetic properties for many decades and has gained popularity as a natural remedy. Studies have shown that Syzygium cumini is rich in anthocyanins, glucosides, ellagic acid, isoquercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin. The seeds are said to contain alkaloids like jambosine and glycosides such as jambolin, which inhibit the conversion of starch into sugar. Numerous reports in both traditional medicine and scientific research have highlighted the significant pharmacological effects of various parts of the jambolan plant. Further research is needed to isolate and identify the active compounds responsible for these effects, which could lead to the development of safer treatments for a range of conditions, including diabetes.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Syzygium cumini, Phytochemistry, Medicinal uses

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Biodiversity and sustainable development are deeply interrelated issues. In the modern world, especially in the 21st century, many countries -- particularly developed nations and BRICS countries -- are in pursuit of rare earth minerals for their developmental needs. However, this quest has often led to environmental degradation. Mountains, rivers, forests, oceans, and hills are being exploited relentlessly, leaving little regard for ecological balance. For example, the United States has signed a $500 billion agreement with Ukraine for the extraction of rare earth minerals. Furthermore, the U.S. has withdrawn from key global environmental agreements, such as the Paris Climate Accord, undermining global climate action. Natural disasters are becoming increasingly frequent across the globe. In Japan alone, over 1,000 earthquakes were recorded during June-July 2025, and more tremors are expected. Scientists warn that a major earthquake in the region could trigger a devastating tsunami. The "Big and Beautiful Act" passed in the US in the coming days has rolled back subsidies for electric vehicles (EVs), further hindering progress towards sustainable development goals. Meanwhile, the ongoing conflict between Israel and Iran, along with the 3.5-year-long Russia-Ukraine war, is creating severe economic, humanitarian, and environmental crises. Global warming continues to accelerate at an alarming pace. As per the Glasgow Climate Pact: China has pledged to reach net-zero carbon emissions by 2060, India by 2070, and The United States by 2050. However, the U.S. has indicated its intention to withdraw from the climate agreement starting in 2025, raising serious concerns about global cooperation on climate action.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Biodiversity, SDGs, environmental degradation, carbon emissions, Big and Beautiful Act, Natural disasters

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper discusses the evolving geography of green finance and ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) integration in the post-pandemic fiscal system. Drawing from primary data collected from 100 Indian investors and secondary perceptivity from global ESG marks and regulatory bodies, the study aims to assess mindfulness, perceptions, relinquishment situations and walls to sustainable investing. Findings reveal that while investor mindfulness is adding, factual participation in ESG finances and green bonds remains limited due to information asymmetry, lack of fiscal knowledge and enterprises about returns. Young investors are more inclined toward sustainable instruments and institutional support from SEBI, RBI and the Government of India has started to shape policy. The study concludes with practicable recommendations for controllers and investors to strengthen ESG integration and green fiscal development.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Green Finance, ESG Investing, Sustainable Development, Post-Pandemic Economy, Green Bonds.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Genomic diversity, which encompasses the genetic variation within and among species, plays a pivotal role in maintaining ecological stability. This review synthesizes findings from research conducted between 2010 and 2024 to explore how genomic diversity supports key ecosystem functions, such as nutrient cycling, primary productivity, and carbon sequestration. These functions are vital for ecosystem resilience, especially in the face of disturbances and environmental changes. Studies indicate that ecosystems with higher genetic diversity tend to be more productive and adaptable, offering a buffer against environmental stressors. The review also examines how genetic diversity influences species interactions, including competition, predation, and mutualism. Diverse populations tend to experience reduced interspecies competition and enhanced mutualistic relationships, which in turn contribute to overall ecosystem stability. Additionally, genetic diversity within species enhances resilience to climate change, enabling populations to adapt to shifts in temperature, precipitation, and other environmental variables. Conservation strategies are discussed with a focus on preserving genomic diversity as a means to sustain ecological stability. Innovative approaches, such as genetic rescue and assisted gene flow, are highlighted as essential tools for enhancing genetic variation in vulnerable populations. The review also explores the potential of emerging technologies like CRISPR for increasing genetic diversity in endangered species. Finally, the review identifies critical areas for future research, emphasizing the need for long-term studies and interdisciplinary approaches to fully understand the role of genomic diversity in sustaining ecosystems. This synthesis underscores the importance of genomic diversity in conservation efforts, particularly as ecosystems face the accelerating impacts of climate change.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Genomic diversity, ecological stability, ecosystem functions, species interactions, conservation biology, resilience, genetic variation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Being the two environmental stressors, desertification and climate change constitute major threats to ecosystems and human communities in arid and semi-arid regions. With rising temperatures, increasingly sporadic precipitations, and constant land degradation, the need for sustainable technologies endowed with resilience becomes more critical. Nanotechnology, from the applied physics point of view, has a great potential to address the core issues of desertification by offering efficient energy conversion, passive thermal control, and environmental sensing technologies of a sort never before imagined. In this paper, we present a physics-based framework and evaluation of three advanced nanomaterials deemed appropriate for optical and thermal devices oriented towards desert and drought-prone environments: perovskite quantum dots (QDs), titanium dioxide (TiO?) nanorods, and graphene-based composites. Criteria for selecting these nanomaterials are based on fundamental physical aspects such as absorption coefficient within a specific wavelength range, charge carrier mobility, and thermal stability, all critical to the operation of high-performance devices subjected to extreme climates. Through graphic schematics and comparative data showing .The paper also addresses the possible applications such as water pumping, building insulation, and energy storage while discussing some of the inherent material limitations such as degradation by the environment and toxicity. Eventually, the paper marks the importance of an interdisciplinary approach for nanomaterials in enhancing climate resilience and advancing sustainable development goals in vulnerable arid landscapes.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nanomaterials, Desertification, Solar Energy, Thermal Regulation, Climate Resilience

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Policy Frameworks, climate change, biodiversity conservation, Kolleru Lake, Ramsar site, adaptive management, stakeholder collaboration

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Orchid farming is emerging as a promising horticultural enterprise that contributes significantly to economic growth. It offers farmers valuable opportunities for crop diversification and supports the development of a sustainable orchid industry with the potential to generate substantial employment. In Andhra Pradesh, the favourable climatic conditions--especially in the coastal districts--have encouraged focused research and development efforts in orchid cultivation. Supported by various policy measures, technological advancements, and logistical assistance, orchid farming in the state is steadily gaining momentum as a viable and sustainable agricultural venture. This growing sector has also begun to attract entrepreneurs interested in commercial orchid cultivation. A notable example is a progressive farmer from Eluru district, who began orchid farming on a 7 acres plot with 1lakh plants in April 2024. The high returns he achieved demonstrate the profitability and potential of orchid cultivation for other farmers in the region. Given these developments, there is considerable scope for the orchid industry to expand and thrive across the country.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Prospects of Orchid Cultivation as a Sustainable Agribusiness in Andhra Pradesh

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The field of Environmental Ecology serves as a vital multidisciplinary science that explores how living organisms interact with their environment. This research examines both the structure and function of ecosystems, focusing particularly on species diversity, the cycling of nutrients, energy transfer processes, and how ecosystems change over time. The study emphasizes how human activities including forest clearing, industrial development, and global warming affect the stability and ability of ecosystems to recover from disturbances. By examining environmental indicators and studying examples from different ecological regions worldwide, this research demonstrates the critical need for sustainable approaches to managing natural resources and protecting biodiversity. The results support the use of comprehensive ecological strategies to reduce environmental damage and maintain ecological stability over time. This research enhances our knowledge of ecosystem well-being and provides practical recommendations for creating environmental protection policies.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Environmental ecology, Anthropogenic impact, Ecosystem resilience, Ecological indicators

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Carbon credit trading has become a key component of global climate policy, offering a market-based approach to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This paper explores the evolution, governance, and equity implications of carbon markets, with a particular focus on India's experience and emerging domestic frameworks. While international mechanisms like the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement have provided structural foundations, challenges such as fragmented markets, weak verification, and inequitable benefit-sharing persist. The study highlights the need for stronger governance, digital innovation, and inclusive policies to ensure that carbon credit systems contribute not only to emissions reduction but also to climate justice and sustainable development.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Carbon credits, Carbon trading, Climate governance, Paris Agreement, Climate justice, Sustainable development, Emissions reduction, Market-based mechanisms, India carbon market, Environmental equity

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the current study, a novel analytical reagent called 2, 4-dimethyl-3H-1, 5-benzodiazepine is developed for spectrophotometric analysis to determine the amount of rhodium (III) in an alloy mixture. In this study, a novel analytical reagent was investigated, and its characterisation using IR, NMR and mass spectrometer techniques was described. Using n-butanol, when subjected to an extraction as the selected solvent at a constant pH of 8.9, the red-colored product produced by the reaction of Rhodium (III) and analytical reagent (DBA) provides exceptional results. Rhodium (III) ion concentrations between 1 mg L-1 and 10 mg L-1 completely satisfy Beers law. Maximum and average molar absorption coefficient values for the coloured compound were noted to yet the sensitivity was recorded as 0.0120 g cm-2. be 510 nm, 4863L mol1 cm-2. Rhodium (III) metal traces in alloy mixtures can be determined utilising DBA analytical reagent in a more efficient, cost-effective, and superior manner than with prior spectrophotometric extraction techniques.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Rhodium (III) Estimation by Spectrophotometric Extraction Using a Novel Analytical Reagent

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Flora and fauna are the twin pillars of biodiversity, supporting ecological balance, cultural values, and sustainable development. However, the increasing pressures of climate change, habitat degradation, and unsustainable land use threaten global biodiversity. Biodiversity and climate change are interconnected crises threatening planetary stability. Biodiverse ecosystems contribute to climate regulation through carbon sequestration, while climate change drives habitat loss, phenological shifts, and species extinctions. This paper explores the interdependence between biological diversity (flora and fauna), sustainable development goals (SDGs), and the escalating challenge of climate change. It examines the relationship between biodiversity conservation and sustainable development, analyzing global trends, policies, and integrated strategies such as nature-based solutions (NbS)emphasizes the ecological and socio-economic importance of conserving biodiversity, evaluates current threats, and outlines integrated strategies for resilience. The paper argues for a holistic, ecosystem-based approach to development that safeguards both biodiversity and climate stability.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Biodiversity, Flora, Fauna, Climate Change, Sustainable Development, Ecosystem Services, SDGs, Resilience.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Laccase, Bioremediation, Carbon Neutrality, Lignin Degradation, Wastewater Treatment, Enzyme Engineering, Sustainable Technology.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Ever increasing driving forces like pollution, habitat fragmentation, anthropogenic exploitation, and climate change, the biodiversity crisis is getting worse. Even though they are useful, traditional ecological methods are constrained by their incapacity to interpret and process the enormous, intricate datasets produced by contemporary biodiversity research. A fundamental subset of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) has become a potent instrument for modeling, forecasting, and interpreting ecological patterns at previously unachievable scales. Recent developments in machine learning applications in important biodiversity research areas, such as species distribution, trait ecology, genomics, and environmental monitoring, are reviewed in this review. We offer practical case studies, provide an overview of methodological advancements, and pinpoint new trends that indicate the path that machine learning-driven biodiversity research will take in the future.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Biodiversity, conservation, Data analysis, AI & ML

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The interface between ecology and evolution represents a crucial area of study that has profound implications for biodiversity conservation. This research review synthesizes insights from studies conducted between 2010 and 2024, examining how evolutionary processes shape ecological dynamics and, conversely, how ecological factors influence evolutionary trajectories. We explore the integration of evolutionary theory into conservation practices, focusing on the importance of adaptive traits, genetic diversity, and species interactions. Additionally, the review delves into the role of contemporary evolution in shaping ecological patterns, the challenges associated with conserving evolutionary potential amidst rapid environmental changes, and the need for interdisciplinary approaches that combine both ecological and evolutionary perspectives. Our findings suggest that incorporating evolutionary insights into conservation strategies can enhance the resilience and effectiveness of efforts to preserve biodiversity, particularly in the face of accelerating global change.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ecology, Evolution, Conservation, Biodiversity, Adaptive Traits, Genetic Diversity, Species Interactions, Contemporary Evolution, Evolutionary Resilience, Adaptive Management

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The increasing concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO?) is a major cause of global climate change (Falkowski et al., 2008). The metabolic versatility and ecological ubiquity of microorganisms play a central role in natural carbon cycling and offer promising eco-friendly solutions for CO? sequestration (Falkowski et al., 2008; Lal, 2008). This article explores the various microbial mechanisms involved in CO? capture and storage, including photoautotrophy, chemolithoautotrophy, carbonate mineralization, and the formation of stable soil organic matter through microbial biomass turnover (Liang et al., 2017; De Muynck et al., 2010). Photoautotrophic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and microalgae fix atmospheric CO? using light energy, forming the base of aquatic food webs and contributing significantly to oceanic and freshwater carbon sinks (Raven & Beardall, 2016). In contrast, chemolithoautotrophic bacteria like Nitrosomonas and Thiobacillus utilize energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds to assimilate CO?, functioning effectively in subsurface and extreme environments (Canfield et al., 2010). Another significant pathway involves microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP), where microbes facilitate the conversion of CO? into stable mineral forms such as calcium carbonate (De Muynck et al., 2010). Additionally, heterotrophic microbes contribute to carbon stabilization by producing necromass that binds with soil minerals, forming long-lived soil organic carbon (Liang et al., 2017; Schmidt et al., 2011). The potential of microbial CO? sequestration is vast, especially in enhancing soil carbon stocks and supporting ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling and water retention (Lal, 2008; Schmidt et al., 2011). However, environmental variability, microbial respiration, and challenges in measuring long-term sequestration remain major limitations (Schmidt et al., 2011). This paper reviews current knowledge, practical applications, and future directions in utilizing microbial systems for climate mitigation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Carbon sequestration, Microbial CO? fixation, Climate change mitigation, Autotrophic microbes, Biogeochemical cycles, Microbial-induced carbonate precipitation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Driven by unsustainable land use, deforestation, and anthropogenic emissions, threaten food security, biodiversity, and the livelihoods of millions. In this perspective, sustainable land management practices and nature-based solutions have gained prominence. Among them, sericulture is one promisingbiodiversity and microclimate creation by mulberry plantations supporting various organisms including pollinators, soil fauna, and microbes. They also create shade, reduce soil surface temperatures, and increase local humidity levels, promoting ecological stability.Mulberry as a Pioneer Species is drought-tolerant and can thrive on marginal, degraded lands. Their fibrous root systems prevent soil erosion, improve water retention, and contribute to organic matter through leaf litter.One hectare of mulberry approximately can sequester up to 8 tons of CO2 annually. Under intensive cultivation, it can provide Sustainable Development and Rural Employment. The FAO and UNCCD endorse it as a component of sustainable agriculture and ecosystem restoration under the SDG framework.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

sericulture, biodiversity, sustainable development, SDG, soil temperature

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Kolleru Lake, a Ramsar wetland, faces severe heavy metal contamination from aquaculture, industry, and agriculture. This study assessed heavy metal (Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr, As) concentrations in water and sediments during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods in 2024, comparing them to WHO drinking water limits and ecological thresholds. Results showed that Pb, Hg, and Cd in water frequently exceeded WHO limits, while sediment concentrations were significantly higher, particularly for Pb. Although monsoon rainfall diluted water concentrations of some metals, others like Cr and As showed post-monsoon increases due to agricultural runoff. Elevated lead levels in water (2.8-3.5 times WHO limits) pose chronic health risks, particularly to children in downstream communities like Eluru. The persistent contamination in the lake, especially in sediments, suggests a continuous risk of public health crises similar to the 2020 Eluru illness outbreak, where lead-contaminated drinking water was implicated. The findings emphasize the urgent need for stringent effluent regulations, sediment remediation, and integrated watershed management to protect Kolleru Lake's ecological integrity, regional water security, and public health.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Kolleru Lake, Heavy Metal Contamination, Eluru Illness, Lead, Water Quality, Sediment Pollution, Public Health, Environmental Monitoring, Wetland Management

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rapid pace of industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural intensification has led to the generation of massive quantities of wastewater containing a complex mixture of organic matter, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), pathogens, heavy metals, and synthetic chemicals. Discharge of untreated or poorly treated wastewater into natural water bodies contributes significantly to environmental pollution, eutrophication, oxygen depletion, and the spread of waterborne diseases. These issues not only threaten aquatic ecosystems but also impact human health and socio-economic development, especially in regions with inadequate wastewater infrastructure.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Integrative Approaches Using Algal-Bacterial Consortia in Wastewater Treatment: A Review of Progress and Challenges"

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Climate change and desertification are pressing global challenges with profound implications for ecosystems and human societies. This paper reviews the human and natural drivers of climate change, summarizes recent direct observations and future projections, explores the connections between climate change and desertification, and details the actions taken by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to address these issues through observation, prediction, early warning, risk management, and international cooperation. Climate variability and extreme weather events continue to intensify, threatening food security, water resources, and sustainable development in vulnerable regions. Understanding the interactions between land degradation and climate dynamics is essential for designing effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. Improved monitoring and early warning systems can help communities build resilience and reduce the impacts of droughts and floods. International collaboration and capacity building are critical to managing transboundary climate risks and promoting sustainable land management.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Climate Change, Desertification, Early Warning Systems, Sustainable Land Management

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Convention on Biological Diversity 1992 defines biodiversity as 'the variability among living organisms from all sources including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part which includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems' Biodiversity is the living foundation for sustainable development. The totality of genes, species and ecosystems of a region is also called biodiversity. In an ecosystem the community of living organisms live in conjunction with the non-living components of their environment interacting as a system. They live in harmony with one another. This leads to a healthy growth of a community and thus ecological balance is maintained.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT : ADRESSING THE TWIN CHALLENGES OF DESERTIFICATION AND CLIMATE CHANGE

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Habitat fragmentation stands as a critical factor contributing to the ongoing decline in biodiversity, particularly in ecologically fragile zones such as Andhra Pradesh, India. This study investigates the scope and ecological impact of fragmented habitats across diverse landscapes within the state. Through the integration of satellite-based remote sensing, GIS tools, and direct field assessments, the research measures habitat deterioration, diminishing patch sizes, and the disruption of ecological corridors over a 25-year span. Indicators like species richness, population abundance, and habitat continuity are analyzed within forested, coastal, and agrarian ecosystems. The findings reveal a pronounced reduction in native biodiversity, especially within the Eastern Ghats and wetland areas of the Krishna-Godavari delta. Key drivers include urbanization, infrastructural development, and deforestation. The study underscores the urgency for holistic land-use strategies, ecological restoration, and participatory conservation initiatives. The insights offered are intended to guide regional policy formulation and contribute to global biodiversity and climate resilience objectives outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Assessing the Impact of Habitat Fragmentation on Biodiversity in Andhra Pradesh

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Vijayawada, a fast-growing city at the Krishna River, has witnessed rising flood frequency and intensity over the past decades. This study explores the ecological role of wetlands in mitigating flood impacts, with specific emphasis on the modified wetland processes of the region. Wetlands like Kolleru and surrounding marshlands traditionally acted as hydrological buffers, controlling water levels and soaking up surplus rain [1]. The destruction and encroachment of these wetlands have severely impaired their ability to contain floodwaters [3]. This study, based on an examination of wetland biology--focusing on aquatic vegetation, benthic microbes, and faunal interactions--identifies the biological processes which facilitate flood resilience. The results emphasize the importance of incorporating wetland conservation and restoration into urban flood management plans. The study promotes a nature-based strategy that integrates wetland ecosystem services into the urban planning of Vijayawada in a bid to improve climate resilience and ecological sustainability [4,5].

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Vijayawada, Wetlands, Floods, Wetland biology, Urban planning, Ecosystem services, Nature-based solutions, Krishna River etc.,

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Climate change and environmental pollution are among the most pressing global challenges of the 21st century. The intensifying and unpredictable disruptions in weather patterns poses a severe threat to global biodiversity and the goals of sustainable development. shifting climate patterns, and increasing pollution levels are causing habitat loss, species extinction, and disruption of vital ecosystem services. Rising temperatures, erratic rainfall, severe droughts, floods, and extreme weather events are pushing many species beyond their capacity to adapt. Habitats are shrinking or shifting, leading to species extinction and loss of genetic diversity. These impacts directly affect food and water security, human health, economic stability, and efforts to achieve global sustainable development goals (SDGs). Coral reefs are bleaching due to warming seas, forests are facing increased wildfires and pest outbreaks, wetlands are drying up or flooding unpredictably, disrupting breeding grounds for many birds and aquatic species. Such ecological imbalances also threaten food security, clean water supply, and the livelihoods of millions, especially indigenous and rural communities who depend directly on natural resources. Sustainable development, which aims to balance economic growth, social well-being, and environmental protection, is undermined by biodiversity loss. When ecosystems degrade, they provide fewer services like carbon sequestration, soil fertility, pollination, and climate regulation all of which are critical to human well-being and climate resilience. Addressing these challenges requires integrated strategies, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions, transitioning to renewable energy, enforcing pollution control measures, conserving and restoring ecosystems, and promoting sustainable resource use. Community participation, environmental education, and international cooperation are essential to ensure effective action. Protecting biodiversity and minimizing pollution are fundamental to building resilient ecosystems and societies capable of withstanding future environmental and socio-economic pressures. Climate change and environmental pollution are deeply interconnected and require urgent, coordinated action. Protecting biodiversity and combating climate change and pollution are crucial for a healthy planet and human well-being. Effective solutions need global cooperation, strong policies, community involvement, and sustainable lifestyles.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Environmental pollution, Climate change, sustainable development goals (SDGs), strong policies, community involvement.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

There has been a growing concern about climate change for the last thirty years due to human intervention in the naturally built environment. Due to heavy industrialization and comfortable life styles the natural environment is undergoing changes which posed a great threat to the flora and fauna. Climate change is of two types: Natural and Man Made. This paper deals with natural climate change, 1876-78 famine and its impact on biodiversity.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE, FAMINE OF 1876-78 AND EFFECTS ON BIODIVERSITY

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 global objectives adopted by the United Nations in 2015 to achieve a sustainable and equitable world by 2030. These goals aim to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all people. The SDGs are interconnected, recognizing that economic, social, and environmental aspects are linked and essential for achieving sustainable development.The 17 SDGs include goals such as ensuring quality education, promoting sustainable economic growth, and protecting the environment. Some specific targets include ending hunger, achieving food security, and promoting sustainable agriculture. Other goals focus on providing clean water and sanitation, affordable and clean energy, and decent work and economic growth. The SDGs also emphasize the importance of reducing inequalities, promoting sustainable cities and communities, and taking action to combat climate change. Implementing the SDGs requires a collaborative effort from governments, businesses, and individuals. This can involve promoting sustainable practices, investing in renewable energy, and supporting initiatives that contribute to achieving the SDGs. For instance, artists are using their talents to raise awareness about the SDGs, such as creating abstract paintings that represent each goal. Such initiatives not only promote awareness but also inspire others to contribute to achieving the SDGs.The SDGs are crucial for creating a more equitable and sustainable world. By addressing these goals, we can ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity, now and in the future. This involves working together to protect the planet, end poverty, and promote sustainable development.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),United Nations, Poverty, Environment, Peace, Prosperity, Quality Education, Sustainable Economic Growth,Climate Change,Equality, Renewable Energy.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Basal stem rot (Ganoderma wilt) disease caused by Ganoderma spp is the most destructive disease of coconut. Described detailed basal stem rot (BSR) disease symptoms on coconut palm. BSR pathogens Ganoderma applanatum (Pers) Pat and G.lucidum (Leys.) Karst was isolated from brackets and tissues of root and stem of coconut. Different management practices including cultural methods, chemical control and also biological control of the basal stem rot disease induced by Ganoderma spp, were reviewed in this chapter. Detailed investigations in the biological control of this disease were carried out. In vitro studies revealed that the native biocontrol agents viz., Trichoderma viride, T.harzianum and T.hamatum were very effective in checking the radial growth of both the Ganoderma spp as well as in the production specific volatile and non-volatile metabolites that are antagonistic to the basal stem rot disease pathogens. All the three Trichoderma spp, were found to check the basal stem rot disease of coconut at field level effectively when applied at the rate of 50 gms of talc powder formulation in conjunction with 5 kg neem cake per palm/year. Based on the results, an integrated disease management with biological control as key component was formulated to combat the disease at field level. The formulated IDM strategy against BSR of coconut include application of 50g of talc powder formulation of T.viride along with 5 kg neem cake /tree/ annum for a continuous period of over three years besides other cultural practices.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Basal stem rot, Ganoderma spp., Fungicides, Biocontrol, Trichoderma spp & Coconut.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems are essential for coastal biodiversity conservation and play a pivotal role in ensuring sustainable development. In Andhra Pradesh, rapid urbanization, climate change, and aquaculture practices pose serious threats to these ecologically significant habitats. This study examines the current status of mangrove forests in the region, particularly focusing on the Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary. It highlights the key ecological functions of mangroves, including carbon sequestration, shoreline protection, and supporting local livelihoods. The paper further evaluates anthropogenic pressures and ongoing conservation efforts, including community-based management, policy initiatives, and technological interventions such as GIS monitoring. The findings underline the urgent need for integrated and participatory conservation strategies to safeguard the long-term health and functionality of mangrove ecosystems in Andhra Pradesh.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mangroves, Biodiversity Conservation, Sustainable Development, Aquaculture, Andhra Pradesh, Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Kancha Gachibowli, a rapidly urbanizing locality in Hyderabad, India, is home to remnants of diverse ecological habitats that support a wide range of flora and fauna. However, the region faces significant biodiversity loss due to urban expansion, habitat fragmentation, pollution, and encroachment. This paper explores the current challenges in conserving biodiversity in Kancha Gachibowli, including insufficient ecological planning, limited public awareness, and lack of enforcement of environmental regulations. Despite these issues, the area presents notable opportunities for conservation through the integration of green infrastructure, community-led ecological restoration, and policy-driven biodiversity corridors. The study also outlines future directions, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary approaches involving local governance, scientific research, and citizen participation to ensure sustainable urban development while preserving biodiversity. Strategic planning, ecological monitoring, and habitat restoration are proposed as key pillars for the long-term conservation of Kancha Gachibowli's ecological integrity.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sustainable development, urban development, Ecological monitoring.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable business practices globally. ESG offers a comprehensive framework for evaluating a firm's ethical conduct, environmental stewardship, and governance transparency. This article explores the evolution, components, and application of ESG, highlighting its strategic relevance in enhancing corporate resilience, stakeholder trust, and long-term value creation. Drawing on global standards, investor behavior, corporate best practices, and policy developments, especially in India, the article examines how ESG has transitioned from a voluntary initiative to a compliance imperative. Key challenges, implementation strategies, and future trends are analyzed to guide businesses on their ESG journey.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ESG, Environmental Sustainability, Corporate Governance, Social Responsibility, Sustainable Investment, Green Finance, Business Ethics, Corporate Compliance, Stakeholder Engagement, India ESG Policy.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition