Conference Proceeding - RECENT TRENDS IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO SPORTS AND SPORTS SCIENCES20-2025
Volume 13 | Issue 4

 Abstract

The Friedman-based fuzzy rough quick reduct algorithm(FMFQR) is a feature selection method designed to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of machine learning models. By integrating Friedman's statistical test with fuzzy rough set theory, the algorithm identifies and eliminates irrelevant or redundant features while preserving essential data characteristics. This approach combines the strengths of fuzzy rough sets in handling uncertainty with Friedman's test to prioritize features based on their significance. The quick reduct process ensures computational efficiency, making it suitable for high-dimensional datasets. In this paper, First, Statistical feature extraction method is applied for raw EEG data. Then the extracted features are normalized by Z-Score normalization approach, Further, the normalized features are selected by Friedman-based fuzzy rough quick reduct algorithm. Finally, the classification task is done using three classification algorithms such as Fuzzy-Rough Nearest Neighbor (FRNN), Fuzzy Logic-based Neural Networks (FNN), Fuzzy Decision Tree (FDT). The experimental works are discussed and analyzed. Results indicate that the proposed approach significantly improves a FRNN based classification method in terms of classification accuracy. The proposed method improves the accuracies when compared to other state of the methods.

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BCI, Feature Extraction, FMFRQR, Classification

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The present study is to find out the effect of specific training on selected physical fitness variables of high school male Skaters. 20 skaters were selected from Ambitus the school, choutuppal, yadadri bhonigr, TG. The subjects were between 14 to 16 years. They were divided into two groups of 10 in each. One group was acted as the experimental group and another group was acted as control group. The experimental group underwent the specific training for 8 weeks 6 days per week. Each training session was for one hour in the evening from 4.00 PM to 5.00 PM. To achieve the result, the following criterion measures namely physical fitness variables namely endurance and balance were also tested. The standardized tests were taken before and after the specific training. Endurance was tested by using 1mile run and balance was tested by using stork balance stand test. The paired 't' test was applied to analyze the collected data and in all cases the criteria for the statistical significance is set at 0.05 level of confidence.

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Specific training, skaters, endurance and balance

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The main purpose of the present study was to find out effect of yogic practices and physical exercises on basal metabolic rate and breath- holding time variables of obese adolescents. To achieve the purpose of the study, 45 boys will be selected at random from in and around Tirunelveli, TamilNadu, India. There were age of the subjects are ranged between 13-17 year. The Selected subjects were divided into three equal groups as follows Yogic Practices Group (YPG) underwent practice yoga, Physical Exercises Group (PTG) underwent Physical training and Control Group (CG) did not participate any training. The Yogic Practices Group consists of 15 subjects who undergone the practice of Asanas and Pranayama. The Physical Exercises Group consists of 15 subjects who undergone rhythmic Aerobic exercises. A qualification criterion for the experimental group was some participation in school level sports and games in order to sustain the training process. The post--tests were conducted on the above said dependent variables after a period fourteen weeks. The difference between the pre-test and post test was considered the effect of respective experimental practice. To test the statistical significance ANCOVA was used. In all cases 0.05 levels was fixed to test the hypothesis.

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 Keywords

Yoga and Aerobic Training, Basal Metabolic Rate and Breath- Holding Time

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This study was to determine the effect of jump rope training on physiological variables among students. Thirty inter collegiate hockey players from Rajapalayam Rajus' College and Senthikumara Nadar College of Virudhunagar Hindu Nadar, were selected at random as the study's subjects. They were between the ages of 18 and 25 years. The selected participants were randomly divided into two groups, with group I Jump rope training (n=15) and group II serving as a control (n=15). For eight weeks, members of Group I underwent jump rope training on alternate days, attending one session per day. Group II took part in regular activities but did not receive any particular training. The dependent-t test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were set at the 0.05 level of confidence for statistical analysis of the collected data. The statistical package SPSS-22 version was used to analyse all of the data. It was determined that the group that jump rope training training had significantly better in their physiological performance like vital capacity and breath holding time than the control group, and that there were also significant differences between the experimental and control groups among inter collegiate hockey players.

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 Keywords

Jump Rope Training, Vital Capacity, Breath Holding Time

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The role of Yogic Science Psychology in the profession of Sports fitness is expanded to not only in the evaluation of psychological aspects but also implemented in the management of players' fitness and performance enhancement. The yogic science psychology and its various components helps players in fitness problem and skill execution. Yogic science psychology is providing the best possible fitness to sports personalities through the application of its various components and the reinvented ancient Indian conceptual version of neurology, fine tune methods for escalating self-efficacy and empowering the co-existing system of chakras modalities in the domains of yogic science in connection with psychology and psychoneurotic in the form of psychotherapy aspects for applying a new fitness paradigm in the sports fitness.

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 Keywords

Yogic Science, Rajayoga Meditation, Chakra System, Neurology, Psychoneurobics, Psychotherapy

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Data Analytics are transforming modern sports. These technologies analyze vast amounts of data to enhance athlete performance, prevent injuries, and refine strategies. AI examines player movements, game statistics, and health metrics to provide insights that were previously unattainable. In performance analysis, AI processes data from sensors and cameras to evaluate athletes' techniques. This helps in identifying strengths and areas needing improvement. For example, in badminton, AI analyses video footage to study player movements and biomechanics. This leads to personalized training recommendations. Similarly, in football, AI models player behaviours during different scenarios, aiding in strategy development. These applications demonstrate AI's role in enhancing individual and team performance. Injury prevention benefits from AI's predictive capabilities. By analysing historical data, AI identifies patterns that may lead to injuries. This allows for proactive measures to protect athletes' health. For instance, AI evaluates equipment and playing surfaces to determine their impact on player safety. Research has shown that certain artificial turfs increase injury risks. AI helps in assessing these factors, leading to improved safety standards. AI also optimizes game strategies through detailed analysis. By examining vast datasets, AI uncovers patterns and trends that inform tactical decisions. In basketball, AI has been used to redefine player positions based on statistical strengths, leading to more effective team compositions. In football, AI analyses player movements to develop strategies that enhance scoring opportunities. These insights enable coaches to make informed decisions that improve team performance. Beyond the field, AI enhances fan engagement by personalizing content. AI analyses fan preferences to deliver tailored experiences, increasing satisfaction and loyalty. In broadcasting, AI assists in selecting highlight reels and generating real-time statistics, enriching the viewing experience. These applications demonstrate AI's impact on the broader sports ecosystem. While AI offers numerous benefits, challenges exist. Data privacy concerns arise from the collection and analysis of personal information. Ensuring the security of this data is paramount. Additionally, integrating AI into traditional coaching requires careful consideration to maintain the human element essential to sports. Balancing technological advancements with ethical considerations is crucial for the responsible use of AI in sports.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Modern Sports, Data Analytics

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Sports injuries are a regular and debilitating obstacle for athletes, necessitating novel treatments to help them heal and perform at their top. Traditional rehabilitation methods, such as physical therapy and surgery, have proven beneficial, but they can be slow and limited in some circumstances. In recent years, regenerative medicine has emerged as a potential field for sports injury recovery. This research investigates the significance of regenerative therapies such as stem cell treatments, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy, and tissue engineering in accelerating healing, shortening recovery times, and improving long-term results for athletes. Through a comprehensive overview of the most recent clinical studies and applications, we highlight the benefits, difficulties, and future promise of regenerative medicine in sports rehabilitation. The combination of regenerative approaches and traditional ways could revolutionize injury healing, giving players a better chance of returning to their sport sooner and with improved physical performance.

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Sports Injury, Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Therapy, Platelet-Rich Plasma (Prp), Rehabilitation, Sports Medicine, Tissue Engineering, Recovery, Athletes, Regenerative Therapy

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Today's people are leading a very unhealthy lifestyle. Inadequate sleep, eating disorder, lack of proper regular exercise, increased rate of obesity and other health diseases, shooting stress levels are some of the facts that define the contemporary world's lifestyle. It can be said that in the present era, human beings have got so engrossed in earning money, that they have virtually stopped paying attention to their physical and mental fitness. The purpose of the study was to find out the influence of varied intensity of walking on selected muscular strength, Blood pressure (Systolic) and Blood pressure (Diastolic) variables among middle aged men. To achieve this purpose, sixty men subjects who were not involved in any vigorous physical training programme at the age ranging from 35 to 45 years were selected from in and around Tirunelveli city. The selected subjects were divided into three groups at random with 20 each. In the Twenty men subjects would serve as control group and the remaining Forty would undergo systematic walking training, among forty, twenty for LIG and remaining twenty for HIG under the supervision of researcher. The control group did not undergo any special training programme. The selected subjects were medically examined by a qualified medical person for undergoing the training programme. The scheffe's test was used as post- hoc test to determine which of the paired means differed significantly where the differences in adjusted posttest means resided in univariate ANCOVA among three groups. All of the statistical analysis tests were computed at 0.05 level of significance (P<0.05).

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 Keywords

Walking, High Intensity, Low Intensity, Muscular Strength, Blood Pressure

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Yoga had a most invaluable gift of our Indians ancient tradition. In last decade modern world has improved as marvelous way especially towards the artificial intelligence. Yoga also improved and translates towards the modern society requirement. The youth and college students can follow yoga as various ways. The Eco-Conscious yoga were involves the materials as sustainable, reduce waste and harmful materials. They were very much like our tradition and follow the tradition way of yogic practices. The Hybrid yoga was includes the online yoga classes, personalized classes prepared by artificial intelligence and combination of in-studio yoga with live-streaming. Methodology: The aim of the investigation was to find out the effect of eco-conscious yoga and hybrid yoga on resting heart rate and aggression of college men students. To execute the investigation, ninety (N=90) College boys studying various first year courses in Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College, Sivakasi affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, were randomly chosen for investigation. The chosen subjects were randomly distributed into three groups of thirty each i.e., (n=30) Group-I underwent eco-conscious yoga training group, Group-II hybrid yoga training group, Group-III was act as Control group their age ranged from 17-19 years. The variables selected for this investigation namely resting heart rate was measured by heart rate monitor and aggression was measured by aggression scale test. Result: The results of this study show that eco-conscious yoga and hybrid yoga shows that there was no significant improvement in resting heart rate and there was a significant improvement on aggression.

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Eco-Conscious Yoga, Hybrid Yoga, Aggression

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The use of geoinformatics in sports has the potential to improve athletic performance and injury prevention. However, a systematic approach to applying geoinformatics in sports is lacking. This paper presents a novel systematic framework for optimizing athletic performance and injury prevention using geoinformatics. The framework integrates geospatial data, GPS tracking, and spatial analysis to provide insights into athlete movement patterns, fatigue levels, and injury risk.The proposed framework comprises four distinct stages: data collection, data integration, spatial analysis, and insight generation. The data collection stage involves the utilization of GPS tracking devices, accelerometers, and other sensors to gather data on athlete movement patterns, fatigue levels, and injury risk. The data integration stage involves the fusion of the collected data into a spatial database. The spatial analysis stage involves the application of advanced spatial analysis techniques to identify patterns and trends in the data. The insight generation stage involves the translation of the results into actionable insights for coaches, trainers, and athletes. The proposed framework has the potential to be applied across various sports and levels of competition, and its findings can inform the development of evidence-based strategies for improving athletic performance and reducing injury risk.

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 Keywords

Geoinformatics, Athletic Performance, Injury Prevention, Gps Tracking, Spatial Analysis, Sports Science

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Sports as a social process has significant role in transformation of any society to its goodwill. It ensures continuous social interactions among the stakeholders resulting in strengthened communities and moulded individuals. This study on sports culture would specifically help the policy makers and sports administrators to adopt sports programmes and projects catering to the need of youth. The study focuses on the sports consumption patterns and perceptions on benefits, significance, and delivery of sports which would help in offering sports services through effective mechanisms. Additionally, the findings of this study could serve as guidelines for the formulation of a need-based sports policy for the cultural transformation of youth and general public in terms of their attitude, participation, and promotion of sports. Hence, this study would provide a platform for future researchers for building cultural perspectives for further research in sports sociology.

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Sports Culture, Stakeholders, Sports Spciology

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Sports sciences have emerged as one of the world's most popular disciplines. Recent advances, particularly in sports training, exercise physiology, psychology, sports medicine, biomechanics and other sports related disciplines have made significant contributions to Sports performance and research. However, sports science cannot be considered as a discipline in and of itself. This discipline requires essential disciplines such as kinesiology, Sports Biomechanics, sports medicine, psychology, physiology, anthropometry, anatomy and sociology are some of the important disciplines which is being covered in the field of physical education and sports. Other disciplines' attitudes towards sports sciences may be less positive in India than those in other countries. However, it remains unclear how other fields handle scientific collaborations. Sports scientists with an athletic background may hold biases towards other subjects and scientists. This review focuses on trans-disciplinary literature and research, emphasizing the significance of scientific cooperation. In conclusion, the importance of scientific cooperation and approaches with sports sciences was inevitable. Sport & Exercise Pedagogical subjects are outlined as an education-based, boundary-crossing, multi/interdisciplinary area of study within the field of 'Sport & Exercise Sciences', 'Kinesiology', Physiology and 'Human Movement Sciences'.

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Sports, Science Disciplines, Psychology, Biomechanics

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The intent of the experimentation was to realize the influence of high speed power training with perceptual skill training on shooting ability among inter-collegiate male hockey players. To carry out the experimentation, Sixty (N=60) inter-collegiate male hockey players studying various arts and science colleges in Virudhunagar district affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, were randomly chosen as subjects. The chosen subjects were separated randomly into three groups of twenty each i.e., (n=20) Group-I underwent high speed power training program, Group-II underwent high speed power training program with perceptual skill training program, Group-III were act as control group. The age limits of the chosen subjects were ranged from 18-21 years. The training groups were underwent the particular training program for the period of twelve weeks. The dependent variables chosen for this experimentation was hockey shooting ability. All the chosen subjects were tested on hockey shooting ability (Harbans Singh Field Hockey Test) before and immediately after the training program. The pre-test and post-test scores were engaged for proper factual examination with dependent "t"-test and Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Whenever the "F" ratio for adjusted post-test means was found to be significant, the Scheffe's Post hoc test was apply to decide the paired mean differences. The 0.05 level of confidence was fixed for all the cases. The outcome of the experimentation also exposed that there was a significant development on hockey shooting ability after the high speed power training program, high speed power training program with perceptual skill training program and significant variation were found between the training groups on hockey shooting ability in favour of high speed power training program with perceptual skill training program.

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 Keywords

High Speed Power Training, Perceptual Skill Trainingm, Shooting Ability

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Agility Circuit Training (ACT), Reaction Time, Agility, Varied Surface, ANCOVA

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Finding out how stretching affected speed and jumping performance was purpose of the research. Twenty (n=20) students from the Department of Physical Education and Sports at Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College in Sivakasi were chosen at random for the study during the 2024-2025 academic year. Two groups of ten (n=10) each, such as an experimental group and a control group, were randomly assigned to the chosen subjects. In addition to following the curriculum's regular schedule, group A (n=10) received stretching exercise training for four weeks, with the number of sessions per week limited to three alternate days. Group B (n=10) served as the control group and was instructed to avoid any special.

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Stretching, Flexibility, Agility

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Fatigue monitoring is crucial in soccer to optimize performance, reduce injury risk, and enhance recovery strategies. This systematic review explores multimodal approaches to fatigue assessment, integrating physiological, biomechanical, and subjective measures to identify thresholds that indicate performance decline. A comprehensive search of relevant databases was conducted to evaluate studies utilizing diverse monitoring tools such as heart rate variability, neuromuscular markers, biochemical indicators, and player-reported metrics. Findings suggest that multimodal fatigue assessment provides a more holistic understanding of player readiness and load management compared to single-method approaches. However, variability in measurement protocols and threshold determination presents challenges in standardization and practical application. Future research should focus on refining multimodal integration techniques and establishing sport-specific fatigue thresholds to enhance decision-making in soccer training and competition.

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Fatigue Monitoring, Soccer, Multimodal Assessment, Physiological Markers, Neuromuscular Fatigue, Biochemical Indicators, Heart Rate Variability, Load Management, Performance Thresholds, Injury Prevention

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The purpose of this study was to look at how volleyball players' vertical explosive power and speed were affected by plyometric and specialized skill training. Twenty-four female volleyball players, ages 18 to 23, from Thoothukudi City were chosen at random to serve as the subjects. Two groups of participants were formed: Group II was the control group (CG), and Group I received plyometric training in addition to specific skill training (PMTASST). For eight weeks, the experimental group participated in evening sessions of a structured training program five days a week (Monday through Friday). Vertical explosive power and speed were the dependent variables in this study, and plyometric training combined with specific skill training (PMTASST) was the independent variable. These were evaluated using established test procedures: the 50-meter run (in seconds) was used to gauge speed, and the vertical leap test (in cm) was used to quantify vertical explosive force.A randomized design was used for both the pre-test and post-test. Each participant's data was gathered both before and after the training session, and paired sample t-tests and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used for analysis. The outcomes showed that the volleyball players' vertical explosive power and speed had significantly increased, highlighting the value of the combined training method.

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Volleyball, Plyometric Training, Specific Skill Training, Vertical Jump, Speed

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Top sports performance needs a coordinated plan that combines nutrition with rest habits for winning. A person's health and performance rely on both adequate nutrition and recovery practices for improved muscle function and prevention of sports-related injuries. Users need appropriate dietary intake to support sport activities and body restoration plus they should rest their muscles through sleep relaxation and medical assistance. By examining these two factors this research shows their combined impact that helps athletes reach better results with reduced chances of being hurt and fastens their recovery time.

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Sports Nutrition, Peak Performance, Recovery Strategies, Athlete Recovery

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This article delves into the interdisciplinary integration of yogic science within the realm of modern sports and sports science. In today's highly competitive athletic environment, athletes are constantly seeking new and effective ways to enhance their physical performance, mental resilience, and overall well-being. While traditional sports training methods primarily focus on strength, speed, endurance, and technique, there is a growing recognition of the importance of mental and emotional well-being in achieving optimal performance. Rooted in ancient traditions, yoga offers a holistic approach that goes beyond mere physical conditioning. It facilitates the improvement of strength, flexibility, endurance, and mental clarity, while also addressing stress, anxiety, and emotional fatigue.This paper explores the diverse ways in which yogic practices contribute to an athlete's physical and mental development, making them an ideal complement to conventional sports training. The article further examines how these practices are not only beneficial for elite athletes but also for recreational sports enthusiasts seeking to improve performance and maintain long-term health. Through a multidisciplinary approach, this study highlights the scientific principles that underpin the positive effects of yoga, such as the enhancement of neuro-muscular coordination, regulation of the autonomic nervous system, and the promotion of psychological well-being. By drawing on evidence from sports science, psychology, and physiology, the paper elucidates how the integration of yogic science can significantly contribute to the advancement of modern sports, fostering a balanced connection between physical fitness, mental clarity, and emotional stability.

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 Keywords

Yoga, Sports Science, Performance Enhancement, Mental Health, Flexibility, Strength, Recovery

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The aim of the study was to find out influence of different training on selected physiological variables amid state mallakhamb boys. Methods: To achieve this study thirty boys' mallakhamb performers in the TMA (Tamilnadu Mallakhamb Association), Tamilnadu were selected as subjects at random. Their age ranged between 14 to 17 years. The selected subjects were divided in to two equal groups of fifteen each namely different training group and control group. The succeeding variables namely blood pressure and VO2 max were selected as measure in variables. The experimental groups have undergone twelve weeks of training program, whereas the control group maintained their daily routine activities and no special training was given to them. The subjects of the 2 groups were tested on selected physiological variables namely blood pressure and VO2 max using sphygmomanometer test and Queens College step test respectively at pretest and immediately posttest the training period. The collected data were analyzed statistically through analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to find out the significant differences, if any among the groups. The .05 level of significance was fixed to test the level of significance which was considered an appropriate. Result: The results of the study different training group showed significant development on selected physiological variables specifically blood pressure and VO2 max when related to control group. Conclusion: Interval training and Aerobic training improve blood pressure and VO2 max between state level Mallkahmab boys.

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Different Training, Blood Pressure and VO2 max, Mallakhamb.

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Yoga as a science and system of health and wellness management has gained immense popularity and promotion in recent past. Yoga literally means "union". It is a union of breath and the body, the mind and muscles and most importantly, union of the self to the divine. Yoga is a scientific system of physical and mental practices that originated in India more than three thousand years ago. Its purpose is to help each one of us achieve our highest potential and to experience enduring health and happiness. Yoga is a 5000-year-old Indian philosophy that combines exercise, breathing, diet, relaxation and meditation. It is a combination of physical and mental disciplines which make the body stronger and healthier and the mind calmer and more controlled, helping towards self-realisation.

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Yogic, Diet, Sattvic, Tamas, Mitahara

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of speed training and combination training on Speed Parameters of football players, sixty women college football players were selected as subjects from Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu, India. The age of the subjects ranged from 17 to 22 years the selected subjects were divided into three groups of twenty each. Group I underwent speed Training (STG), Group II underwent combination of speed and aerobic training (CTG) were given for three alternate days in a week for a period of twelve weeks. Group III acted as Control Group (CG). The subjects underwent. The speed training, and combination of speed and aerobic trainings, the data collected from the four groups before and after the experimental period The Acceleration speed was measured using 30 m acceleration sprint test, the collected data were statistically examined for significant improvement by dependent 't' test, The initial means and to test the adjusted posttest means for significant differences among the groups, the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used. Whenever the 'F' ratio for adjusted posttest means was found to be significant, the Scheffe's test was followed as a post hoc test to determine which of the paired means difference was significant, the result shows that the statistical results showing that there was a significant improvement due to the effect of the STG, CTG on selected variable Acceleration speed when compared to the CG. There would be significant differences on improvement of Acceleration speed among the STG, and CTG and CG and It was concluded that combination of training programs group is better than speed training, and control groups in improving Acceleration speed of women footballers.

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Speed Training, Acceleration Speed, Football, Aerobic Training

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The intention of the present study was to find out the effect of repeated sprint training on selected speed performances among Athletes (Stride length and Stride frequency). Thirty (30) male athletes were ranged from aged 20 to 25 years were randomly selected from Anna Stadium, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu State. They selected subjects (30 male sprinters) have been randomly divided into two equal groups namely Repeated sprint training (RST) group (RSTG) (N=15) and Control Group (CG) (N=15). Six weeks repeated sprint training (RST) programme has been formulated to see the effectiveness of given training programme on Stride length and Stride frequency of male athletes. The Stride length has been tested by 'Stride Length Test (10m Marking Method) and Stride frequency has been tested by Stride Frequency Test (5-Second Sprint Method) on before the training starts and after completion of six weeks repeated sprint training (RST) programme. Significant positive changes occur in Stride length and stride frequency has been found by analysing and comparing the pre-test and post-test score through paired sample 't' test and ANCOVA among the male athletes of RSTG and CG. So, this study was concluded that six weeks of repeated sprint training (RST) programme was shown effective in the improvement of Stride length and Stride frequency among male athletes. However, the control group had not shown any significant positive changes on Stride length and Stride frequency while because they were not engaged to participated in to any specific training programme apart from their routine works.

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Repeated sprint training (RST), Stride Length, Stride Frequency, Speed Performance, Athletes

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The participation of Indian women in sports has witnessed a significant transformation over the years. From being restricted by social and cultural barriers to achieving international recognition, Indian female athletes have played a crucial role in shaping the country's sporting landscape. This paper explores the historical evolution of women's participation in Indian sports, examining key milestones, policy interventions, societal perceptions, and the challenges that persist. By analyzing the impact of government initiatives, institutional support, and the growing influence of global sporting movements, this study highlights the progress made and the areas that require further development.

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Indian Women, Sports, History, Government Policies, Gender Equality, Challenges

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The aim of the study was to find out the impact of Pathanjali yoga practices on flexibility and BMI variables among volleyball players. Fifteen women volleyball players from St. Mary's College, Thoothukudi, aged between 18 and 23 years, participated as subjects. The participants underwent yoga training (Group-I) with the experimental group practicing Pathanjali yoga three times a week (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) for eight weeks. These sessions were held in the evenings and Group II acted as control (CG) Pathanjali yoga practices served as the independent variable, while flexibility and BMI were the dependent variables. Flexibility was assessed using the sit-and-reach test (measured in cm), and BMI was calculated using the formula BMI=Weight (kg)/Height (m)2 with height and weight measured using a wall-mounted stadiometer and a weighing machine, respectively. The study adopted a pre-test and post-test experimental design. Data were collected from participants both before and after the training period and analyzed using a paired sample t-test. The findings demonstrated a significant improvement in flexibility and BMI variables, attributed to the Pathanjali yoga practices among the volleyball players.

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Volleyball, Patanjali Yoga Practices, flexibility, BMI

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Optimal athletic performance hinges on a delicate balance between rigorous training and effective recovery. This presentation explores the critical interplay between nutrition and sleep in facilitating athletic recovery, highlighting their synergistic roles in muscle repair, energy replenishment, and inflammation reduction. While training demands are paramount, the importance of recovery is often undervalued. This paper delves into the specific nutritional strategies that enhance sleep quality and promote physiological recovery. By examining the roles of macronutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, alongside key micronutrients such as magnesium, vitamin D, and antioxidants, we reveal how targeted dietary choices can optimize recovery timelines. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of sleep-promoting foods, including tryptophan-rich sources and complex carbohydrates, on restorative sleep. Emphasizing the significance of nutrient timing post-exercise and pre-sleep, this presentation provides athletes with actionable insights to maximize recovery, minimize soreness, and enhance overall performance. Ultimately, understanding and implementing these nutritional and sleep-focused strategies empowers athletes to achieve peak performance through a holistic approach to recovery.

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Athletic Recovery, Sports Nutrition, Sleep Quality, Muscle Repair, Nutrient Timing, Micronutrients

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 Abstract

The present study examines the impact of Hatha yoga practices on selected physiological variables among adult men. A group of participants underwent a structured Hatha yoga training program over a specific duration. Various physiological parameters, including heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure, were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The study employed statistical tools to analyse the data, revealing significant improvements in key physiological aspects. The findings highlight the potential of Hatha yoga as a holistic approach to improving health and wellness. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of regular yoga practice in mitigating risks associated with sedentary lifestyles and cardiovascular diseases.

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Hatha Yoga, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Respiratory Rate

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The rapid proliferation of mobile gaming has significantly influenced various aspects of student life, particularly in hostel environments. This study aims to explore the impact of mobile gaming participation on the mental health of hostel students. The research focuses on assessing anxiety, depression, and stress levels using the DASS-21 scale among 200 hostel girls from Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MS University). Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, and statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA to determine the relationship between mobile gaming participation and mental health indicators. The findings are expected to shed light on how mobile gaming affects students' psychological well-being and provide insights into the balance between gaming as a recreational activity and its potential negative effects. The study's outcomes may contribute to developing effective strategies for promoting healthier gaming habits among students.

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Mobile Gaming, Mental Health, Anxiety, Depression, Stress

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Entrepreneurship is recognized as a crucial driving force for the competitiveness of the sports industry and its socioeconomic impact on society. The sports industry presents a diverse array of career opportunities for individuals who are passionate about sports, business, and innovation. Entrepreneurs are individuals who establish, organize, and manage businesses, constantly seeking innovative solutions and new opportunities. A sports entrepreneur specifically applies entrepreneurial principles within the sports industry. This encompasses launching sports-related businesses, developing innovative sports products or services, or introducing novel concepts within established sports organizations. Sports entrepreneurship is a rapidly growing field, with new opportunities emerging across various sectors. This study aims to provide insights into the evolving landscape of sports entrepreneurship, emphasizing its current trends and forecasting developments for the coming decade.

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Entrepreneur, Sports Entrepreneurship, Sports Industry

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This study highlights the benefits of Yoga and fitness is integral components of a holistic approach to health and well-being. This research paper explores the role of yoga and physical fitness in enhancing physical, mental, and emotional well-being. The study examines the physiological and psychological benefits of yoga, compares it with conventional fitness regimes, and discusses its application in preventive and therapeutic healthcare. Furthermore, the paper highlights the importance of integrating yoga into modern fitness programs to promote a balanced lifestyle.

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Yoga, Fitness, Holistic Health, Well-being, Physical Fitness, Mental Health

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Flexibility and agility are critical components for enhancing athletic performance, especially in sports like handball that require quick directional changes and a wide range of motion. The present study investigates the effect of flexibility and agility training on the performance of female handball players. The objective of the study is to analyze how a structured training program can improve the flexibility and agility levels of female handball athletes. A group of female handball players was subjected to a six-week training regimen, and their pre-test and post-test performances were measured using standard fitness assessment protocols. The results indicate a significant improvement in both flexibility and agility, highlighting the effectiveness of the training protocol. This research emphasizes the importance of targeted training programs in optimizing athletic performance.

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Flexibility, Agility, Handball Players

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Yogic sciences, deeply rooted in ancient traditions, have gained significant recognition in modern sports and sports sciences. This paper explores the role of yoga in enhancing athletic performance, injury prevention, mental resilience, and recovery. With the increasing demand for holistic approaches in sports training, yogic practices such as asanas, pranayama, and meditation have emerged as essential components in athlete conditioning. This study also highlights the multidisciplinary aspect of yoga, integrating it with biomechanics, physiology, psychology, and rehabilitation sciences. By examining recent trends and scientific evidence, this paper underscores the importance of yogic sciences in the evolving landscape of sports and sports sciences.

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Yoga, sports sciences, athlete performance, multidisciplinary approach, mental resilience, injury prevention, recovery

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The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of aqutic training on inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume among preadolescent boys. To achieve the purpose of this study, 30 preadolescent boys were randomly selected as subjects from Thoothukudi District, Tamilnadu, India. Their age were ranged from 12 to 14 years. The selected members were randomly separated into two groups such as group 'I' undertook yogic training (n=15) and group 'II' acted as control group (n-15). Group 'I' underwent aquatic training for six days in a week and one session per day and each session lasted for 45 minutes for nine weeks. Group 'II' was not exposed to any specific training but they were participated in regular activities. The data on inspiratory and expiratory reserve volume were collected by administering with Wet Spiro meter. The pre and post-tests data were collected on selected criterion variables prior to and immediately after the training programme. The pre and post-test scores were statistically surveyed by the dependent 't' test and Analysis of Co-Variance (ANCOVA) for each and every selected variable unconnectedly. It was concluded that the Aquatic training group had shown significantly improved in inspiratory and expiratory reserve volume. However, the control group had not shown any significant improvement on any of the selected variables such as inspiratory and expiratory reserve volume.

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Aquatic Training, Inspiratory Reserve Volume, Expiratory Reserve Volume

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The intention of the present study was to find out the influence of high impact lower body jump training on vertical jump and horizontal jumping performance among basketball players. Twenty (20) male basketball players were ranged from aged 16 to 18 years were randomly selected from MDT Hindu College Higher Secondary School, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu State. They selected subjects have been randomly divided into two equal groups namely High impact lower body jump training Group (HIHILBJTG) (N=10) and Control Group (CG) (N=10). Six weeks high impact lower body jump training programme has been formulated to see the effectiveness of given training programme on vertical jump and horizontal jump of basketball players. The vertical jump and horizontal jump has been tested by 'sarjent vertical jump test and standing board jump test on before the training starts and after completion of six weeks high impact lower body jump training programme. Significant positive changes occurs in vertical jump and horizontal jump has been found by analysing and comparing the pre-test and post-test score through paired sample 't' test and ANCOVA among the basketball players of HILBJTG and CG. So this study was concluded that six weeks of high impact lower body jump training programme was shown effective in the improvement of vertical jump and horizontal jump among basketball players. However the control group had not shown any significant positive changes on vertical jump and horizontal jump while because they were not engaged to participated in to any specific training programme apart from their routine works.

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High Impact Lower Body Jump Training, Vertical Jump, Horizontal Jump, Basketball Players

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This paper explores the multifaceted role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in teaching physical education and sports, examining its potential to enhance instructional effectiveness, personalised training, and student engagement. AI tools such as connected PE and Kinovea support teachers by providing customised workout plans, motion analysis, and real-time feedback, optimizing training programs and improving performance. The study investigates how AI can be involved in teaching PE, its role in supporting teacher activities, and the actual AI tools that facilitate these processes. Additionally, it delves into the future of teaching through AI-driven smart transformations, which enable data-driven decision-making and personalized learning experiences. This research aims to equip educators with insights into the transformative potential of AI in physical education, fostering dynamic, inclusive, and effective learning environments.

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Artificial Intelligence, Physical Education, Personalized Training, Motion Analysis

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Back pain is increasingly common among youth due to sedentary lifestyles, poor posture, and lack of physical activity. This study explores the key causes of back pain among young individuals and evaluates the role of sports activities and exercise in its prevention and management. A descriptive research design was adopted, with a sample size of 250 respondents selected through simple random sampling. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, focusing on demographic details, back pain prevalence, awareness of preventive measures, and exercise habits. Findings indicate that prolonged sitting, incorrect posture, and lack of physical activity are primary contributors to back pain. However, regular engagement in strength training, stretching, aerobic exercises, and posture correction methods significantly reduces spinal discomfort. The study suggests integrating ergonomic awareness, movement breaks, and structured exercise programs into daily routines to prevent and manage back pain effectively.

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Back Pain, Youth Health, Physical Activity, Ergonomics, Posture Correction, Strength Training, Stretching, Aerobic Exercises, Preventive Measures, Ergonomic Awareness

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Yoga, an ancient practice rooted in Indian philosophy, has gained worldwide recognition for its profound impact on physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. This paper presents a theoretical framework that explains how yoga contributes to holistic health and wellness. The framework integrates physiological, psychological, and spiritual dimensions, highlighting the role of yoga in disease prevention, stress reduction, and overall well-being. By analyzing traditional yogic principles and their scientific basis, this article provides a structured approach to understanding yoga's role in promoting holistic health.

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Yoga, Holistic Health, Wellness

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The present investigation of the study was to find out the high intensity training influence on speed attribute of inter collegiate athletes (sprinters). For this study aimed to fulfill the purpose twenty (n=20) athletes (sprinter) of male gender were arbitrarily selected as volunteer participants who are all studying under the affiliated colleges of Manonmaniam Sundaranar State University located at Tirunelveli District of Tamilnadu state in India. Their age ranged from 18 to 22 years. The selected participants were randomly divided into two groups such as Group 'I' underwent high intensity interval training (n=10) and Group 'II' acted as control group (n-10). Group-1 underwent high intensity interval training for five days and one session per day and each session lasted for 60 minutes for six week period. The second group-2 did not allowing any other contrast or complex training on bar with experimental first group-1 other than the regular activities. Collected data from all participants prior to the start of the examination and after the completion of post examination which was administering by 50m dash test. All data administrated values were statistically examined by using the dependent-'t' test and Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) for each and every selected variable separately. From the results of the study the investigator coming to conclude that the high intensity interval training volunteer participant group better significant improvement on speed attribute, but the other second one fails to shown the improvement on compare with investigated first group.

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High Intensity Interval Training, Speed, Athletes, Sprinters

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Sand surfaces can offer a higher energy cost (EC) and lower impact training stimulus compared with firmer and more traditional team sport training venues such as grass. This review aims to summarise the existing research on sand training, with a specific focus on its application as a team sports training venue. Compared with grass, significant physiological and biomechanical differences are associated with sand exercise. The aim of this study was to the impact of sand training for endurance among kho kho players. Twenty Male athletes between the age of 18 to 23 years were taken for the study. The Six Weeks endurance training program for experimental group got which a lot of sand running on alternate days and controlled group was given general coaching of players. The Pre test and Post test were conducted through Cooper test for each team to the impact of sand running. This study shows that the sand running has increase the endurance among the Experimental group of khokho players. This sand running is benefit for the endurance development of khokho players.

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Sand Running, Endurance, Cooper Test

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This paper investigates the relationship between participation in team sports and the mental health and well-being of college women, with an emphasis on how team sports can serve as a pathway to resilience. Previous studies have established the importance of physical activity in promoting mental health, but the role of team sports in fostering social support, emotional well- being, and resilience in female college students remains underexplored. Through a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies, this paper aims to highlight the positive impacts of team sports participation, focusing on the development of coping skills, emotional regulation, and the enhancement of self-esteem and social connections. The study will use statistical analysis to assess the benefits of team sports in promoting resilience and mental health in college women, providing actionable insights for policymakers and campus wellness programs.

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Mental health, human being, women, Resilience and sports

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This study investigates the effects of Mobility Training (HIIMT) on joint range of motion (ROM) and flexibility among young women. The research employed a pre-test/post-test experimental design involving 30 participants aged 20-23 years, divided equally into an experimental and control group. The experimental group underwent an 8-week MT intervention while the control group followed their usual physical routine. Flexibility and ROM were assessed using a goniometer, sit-and-reach test, and other validated tools. Results demonstrated significant improvements in joint mobility and flexibility in the MT group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The findings suggest that MT is an effective method for enhancing flexibility and joint function in young women.

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High Intensity, Mobility, Flexibility, Range of Motion

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Handball is a dynamic and physically demanding sport that requires a combination of strength, agility, endurance, and skill. This article examines the impact of various training modalities on the performance of college-level handball players in Kanyakumari District. Through an analysis of strength training, speed-agility-quickness (SAQ) training, circuit training, and sport-specific drills, the study highlights the effectiveness of these methods in enhancing athletic performance. The findings emphasize the need for a structured and periodized training approach to optimize physical and skill development.

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Exercise on Postpartum, Exercise on Lactating Mothers, Exercise on Breast Feeding

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To achieve the purpose of this study, 20 men kabaddi players were randomly selected as subjects from the St. Xavier's college, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India. Their age ranged from 18 to 25 years. The selected participants were randomly divided into two groups such as group 'A' yogic practices (n=10) and group 'B' acted as control group (n=10). Group 'A' underwent yogic practices for five days per week and each session lasted for an hour for eight week. Control group was not exposed to any specific training but they were participated in regular activities. The "diastolic blood pressure" millimeters of mercury (mmHg) were used to measure Sphygmomanometer was selected as variables. The pre and post tests data were collected on selected criterion variables prior and immediately after the training program. The pre and post-test scores were statistically examined by the dependent't' test and Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA). The level of significant was fixed at 0.05 level. It was concluded that the yogic practices group had shown significantly improved in diastolic blood pressure. However the control group had not shown any significant improvement on diastolic blood pressure.

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Yogic, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Kabaddi Players

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The sports industry, as a dynamic and evolving sector, is increasingly benefiting from multidisciplinary approaches that blend business, technology, and marketing, management, and sustainability practices. As global engagement with sports intensifies, innovations in fan experience, sports media, sponsorship models, and technological advancements have reshaped the landscape. This paper explores recent trends in the sports industry, emphasizing the integration of multidisciplinary strategies in business development, audience engagement, and sustainability. By examining emerging trends, the paper highlights the potential of the sports industry to grow as a global powerhouse, foster inclusivity, and adapt to the challenges of the modern world.

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Sports Industry, Business Strategies, Fan Engagement, Technology In Sports, Sustainability, Sports Marketing, Sponsorship, Globalization

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 Abstract

To achieve the purpose of this study, 20 men B.Sc. physical education students were randomly selected as subjects from the St. Xavier's college, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India. Their age ranged from 17 to 20 years. The selected participants were randomly divided into two groups such as group 'A' yogic practices (n=10) and group 'B' acted as control group (n=10). Group 'A' underwent yogic practices for five days per week and each session lasted for an hour for eight week. Control group was not exposed to any specific training but they were participated in regular activities. The "systolic blood pressure" millimeters of mercury (mmHg) were used to measure Sphygmomanometer was selected as variables. The pre and post tests data were collected on selected criterion variables prior and immediately after the training program. The pre and post-test scores were statistically examined by the dependent 't' test and Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA). The level of significant was fixed at 0.05 level. It was concluded that the yogic practices group had shown significantly improved in systolic blood pressure. However the control group had not shown any significant improvement on systolic blood pressure.

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Yogic, Systolic Blood Pressure, Men, Physical Education Students

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The study was designed to find out the effect of resistance training and resistance training with protein supplementation on percent body fat. To achieve this purpose, forty five male students from the Department of Physical Education, Annamalai University were randomly selected as subjects. The age of the selected subjects were ranged from 18 to 24 years. The selected subjects were divided into three equal groups of fifteen subjects each at random. Group-I underwent resistance training for three days per week for twelve weeks. Group-II underwent resistance training with protein supplementation for three days per week for twelve weeks. Group-III acted as control. The percent body fat was selected as dependent variable. The data collected from the experimental and control groups on selected dependent variable was statistically analyzed by paired 't' test to find out the significant differences if any between the pre and post test. The data collected from the three groups prior to and post experimentation on selected dependent variable was statistically analyzed to find out the significant difference if any, by applying the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). In all the cases the level of confidence was fixed at 0.05 level for significance. The result of the study also produced 8.95% of changes due to resistance training, and 15.85% of changes due to resistance training with protein supplementation on percent body fat.

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Resistance Training, Protein Supplementation, Percent Body Fat

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Twenty male hockey players from St. Xavier's College in Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India, were chosen at random to serve as research participants. They were between the ages of 18 and 25. The chosen participants were split into two groups at random, such as group "A," which engaged in yoga exercises (n = 10), and group "B," which served as the control group (n = 10). Group "A" practiced yoga five days a week for eight weeks, including an hour-long session each day. The control group engaged in routine activities but was not given any special instruction. Bent knee sit-ups were chosen as a variable, and the "Abdominal strength" (minutes per count) was measured. Data on a few chosen criteria variables were gathered both before and just after the training session. The dependent "t" test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to statistically analyse the pre- and post-test results. The significance threshold was set at 0.05. The group who practiced yoga was found to have considerably increased abdominal strength. However, there had been no discernible increase in abdominal strength in the control group.

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Yogic, Abdominal Strength, Men, Hockey Players

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of footwork drills towards the development of boxer's speed and stability performance. A total of 20male boxer's from Anna Stadium, SDAT, Tirunelveli were randomly selected as subjects, with ages ranging from 15-17 years. The participants were divided into two groups: Group I underwent Footwork Drills (FD) while Group II served as the control group (CG). The experimental group followed a structured training program for five days a week (Monday to Friday) over eight weeks, with training sessions conducted in the evening. In this study, footwork drills (FD) was considered the independent variable, while speed and stability (Dynamic balance) were the dependent variables. These dependent variables were assessed using standardized test items: speed was evaluated using the 30-meter run test and stability was measured by "Y" balance test. A pre-test and post-test randomized design was employed for this research. Data were collected from each subject before and after the training period and analyzed using paired sample t-tests and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results indicated a significant improvement and a notable difference in speed and stability among boxers due to the combined effect of footwork drills.

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Footwork Drills, Speed, Stability, Boxer

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To achieve the purpose of this study, 20 school men football players were randomly selected as subjects from the St. Xavier's school, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India. Their age ranged from 17 to 19 years. The selected participants were randomly divided into two groups such as group 'A' yogic with calisthenics (n=10) and group 'B' acted as control group (n=10). Group 'A' underwent yogic with calisthenics for five days per week and each session lasted for an hour for eight weeks. Control group was not exposed to any specific training but they were participated in regular activities. The "Wall sit test" (seconds) was used to measure muscular endurance were selected as variables. The pre and posttests data were collected on selected criterion variables prior and immediately after the training program. The pre and post-test scores were statistically examined by the dependent't' test and Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA). The level of significant was fixed at 0.05 level. It was concluded that the yogic with calisthenics practices group had shown significantly improved in muscular endurance. However, the control group had not shown any significant improvement on flexibility

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Yogic, Calisthenics, Football Players, Men, Muscular Endurance

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Social media has transformed the sports industry by enhancing fan engagement, athlete branding, marketing strategies, and real-time media coverage. It provides a platform for direct interaction between athletes, teams, and fans while also presenting challenges such as misinformation, cyberbullying, and privacy concerns. This paper examines the impact of social media in sports based on key objectives, exploring its benefits, challenges, and future implications.

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Social media, Sports Industry, Fan Engagement, Athlete Branding, Sports Marketing, Digital Media, Sponsorship, Sports Broadcasting

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 Abstract

The sports industry is forced to use new marketing methods to stay ahead of other industries. Sports management is a business field that involves planning, organizing, and managing sports teams, events, and facilities. It's a broad career path that combines a passion for sports with business skills. Manages teams, athletes, and facilities Plans and organizes events Manages marketing, finance, and people Ensures smooth operations Boosts ticket sales Boosts ticket sales Supports athletes. Sport management involves the business side of sports and recreation, encompassing planning, organization, and management of sports-related activities and events. Professionals in this field work in various roles, including marketing, event planning, and team management, within organizations such as sports teams, stadiums, and sports media. A degree in sport management or a related field is typically required, along with key skills in business, communication, and leadership. Career opportunities exist in sports management, event coordination, marketing, and more, making sport management a dynamic and rewarding field for those passionate about sports and business.. Leadership positions in sports and recreation usually require at least a bachelor of business administration.

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Sports Marketing, Sports Management, Finance, Sports Teams

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Flexibility is a crucial component of physical fitness, influencing overall health, posture, and injury prevention. Surya Namaskar, a traditional yogic practice, has been widely recognized for its benefits in enhancing flexibility. To achieve the purpose of this study, 20 women college hostel students were randomly selected as subjects from the St. Xavier's college, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India. They were between the ages of 18 and 25. The chosen participants were split into two groups at random, such as group "A," which engaged in Surya Namaskar practices (n = 10), and group "B," which served as the control group (n = 10). Over the course of eight weeks, Group "A" practiced Surya Namaskar five days a week for an hour each day. The control group engaged in routine activities but was not given any special instruction. Flexibility was measured using the "sit and reach" (centimetres) as a variable. Data on a few chosen criteria variables were gathered both before and just after the training session. The dependent "t" test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to statistically analyse the pre- and post-test results. The level of significant was fixed at 0.05 level. It was concluded that the Surya namaskar practices group had shown significantly improved in flexibility. However the control group had not shown any significant improvement on flexibility

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Surya Namaskar, Flexibility, Yoga

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Interdisciplinary research has emerged as a vital approach in higher education, integrating diverse academic disciplines to address complex global challenges. This paper highlights the significance of interdisciplinary research in fostering innovation, enhancing learning outcomes, and preparing students for dynamic career paths. By combining insights from STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), humanities, and social sciences, interdisciplinary research nurtures creative thinking, problem-solving skills, and teamwork. The study explores effective implementation strategies such as curriculum integration, dedicated research centers, faculty development, and student involvement programs. While acknowledging challenges like communication barriers and resource intensity, the paper emphasizes solutions to overcome these obstacles. Ultimately, interdisciplinary research is essential for driving innovation, promoting collaboration, and advancing societal progress in higher education.

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Interdisciplinary Research, Higher Education, Innovation, Collaboration, Academic Integration

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The purpose of the study was to find out the influence of yogic breathing intervention programme on stress among adult men. To achieve the purpose of this study, twenty (n=20) male adult were randomly selected from St. John's College, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli District, Tamilnadu, India. The age of subject's was ranged from 18 to 22 years. The selected participants were randomly divided into two groups such as Group 'I' underwent yogic breathing intervention programme (n=10) and Group 'II' acted as control group (n-10). Group 'I' underwent yogic breathing intervention for five days and one session per day and each session lasted between 45-50minutes for six week period. Group 'II' was not exposed to any specific training but they were participated in regular activities. The data on stress were collected and administered by standardized questionnaire such as Everly and Girdano's Questionnaire respectively. The pre and post-tests data were collected on selected criterion variables prior to and immediately after the training programme. The pre and post-test scores were statistically examined by the dependent- 't' test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) for each and every selected dependent variable separately. It was concluded that the yogic breathing intervention group had shown significantly improved in stress. However, the control group had not shown any significant improvement on any of the selected variables such as stress.

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Yogic Breathing Intervention Programme, Stress

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This study aimed to investigate the influence of aqua aerobic fitness training on VO2 max and breath-holding time among male badminton players aged 18-25 years at Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli. A total of 30 players were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=15), which underwent an aqua aerobic training program, and a control group (n=15), which continued regular badminton training. The training protocol for the experimental group included water-based aerobic exercises designed to enhance cardiovascular endurance and respiratory efficiency. VO2 max was assessed using the Queens College Step Test, and breath-holding time was measured using the nostril method test. Pre- and post-test data were analyzed using the dependent t-test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) to account for initial differences. The findings revealed a significant improvement in VO2 max and breath-holding time for the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The results suggest that incorporating aqua aerobic training can effectively enhance cardiovascular and respiratory performance in badminton players.

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Aqua Aerobic Training, VO2 Max, Breath Holding Time, Badminton Players, Cardiovascular Fitness

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This study aimed to compare the performance-related physical fitness attributes of soccer players in different playing positions, focusing on speed, agility, and reaction time. Eighty male soccer players between the ages of 18 and 25 were divided into four positional groups: forwards, midfielders, defenders, and goalkeepers. Standardized fitness tests, including a 50-meter sprint for speed, a shuttle run for agility, and a reaction time ruler test, were used to evaluate performance. One-way ANOVA statistical analysis showed significant differences between positions (p < 0.05). Forwards demonstrated the best sprinting and agility performance, while goalkeepers exhibited superior reaction times. Defenders showed moderate speed and agility but had the slowest reaction times. Midfielders displayed intermediate agility and reaction time compared to other positions. These results highlight how crucial position-specific training regimens are for maximizing player performance and injury avoidance tactics. Future research should explore the effects of specialized training interventions on these attributes.

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Soccer Performance, Speed, Agility, Reaction Time, Positional Analysis

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The purpose of the study was to find out the impact of meditation with asana practices on mental skills and stress among men students. To achieve the purpose of this study, twenty (n=20) Men students were randomly selected from ST. Hindu College, Nagercoil, Tamilnadu, India. The age of subject's was ranged from 22 to 26 years. The selected participants were randomly divided into two groups such as Group 'I' underwent meditation and asana practices (n=10) and Group 'II' acted as control group (n-10). Group 'I' meditation and asana practices for five days with one session per day and each session lasted between 45 minutes for six-week period. Group 'II' was not exposed to any specific training but they were participated in regular activities. The data on mental skills and stress were collected and administered by standardized test. The pre and post-tests data were collected on selected criterion variables prior to and immediately after the training programme. The pre and post-test scores were statistically examined by the dependent-'t' test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) for each and every selected dependent variable separately. It was concluded that the meditation with asana practices group had shown significantly improved in psychological variables like mental skills and stress. However, the control group had not shown any significant improvement on any of the selected variables such as mental skills and stress.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Meditation and Asana Practices, Mental skills, Stress

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of functional training on selected batting skills among women cricketers. To achieve this study, thirty women Cricket players have been randomly selected from University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Anna University, - Tiruchirappalli-24, Tamilnadu, India. The age of subjects was ranged from 18 to 21 years. The past experience of the subject at least two years in cricket and represented for the college teams. The test was carried out on the basis of subjective rating (two skills in batting) was carried out on each participant. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of fifteen each, such as one experimental group and a control group. The experimental group participated functional training for 3 days a week, one session on every alternate day and for 12 weeks. Each session persisted up to 60 minutes excluding warm up and cool down. The control group carried out their daily routine activities and there was no special training was given to them. The subjects of the two groups were tested on selected variables, prior and immediately after the training period. The collected data were analysed statistically through analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to find out the significance difference, if any between the groups. The 0.05 level of confidence was fixed to test the level of significance difference, if any between groups. The results of the study showed that there was significant level differences exist between Functional training group and control group. Functional training group showed significant improvement on batting when compared to control group.

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 Keywords

Functional Training, Subjective Rating, Front Foot Drive, Back Foot Drive, Batting

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of circuit training on HDL and LDL among football players. To achieve the purpose of the present study, thirty women football players from Tiruchirappalli district, Tamilnadu were selected as subjects at random and their ages ranged from 18 to 25 years. The subjects were divided into two equal groups at random. The subjects were divided into two equal groups of fifteen players each. Group I acted as Experimental Group (Asana practices) and Group II acted as Control Group. The requirement of the experiment procedures, testing as well as exercise schedule was explained to the subjects so as to get full co-operation of the effort required on their part and prior to the administration of the study. Pre test was conducted for all the subjects on total cholesterol and triglycerides. This initial test scores formed as pre test scores of the subjects. The groups were assigned as Experimental Group and Control Group in an equivalent manner. Experimental Group was exposed to asana practices and Control Group was not exposed to any experimental training other than their regular daily activities. The duration of experimental period was twelve weeks. After the experimental treatment, all the thirty subjects were tested on selected variables. This final test scores formed as post test scores of the subjects. The pre test and post test scores were subjected to Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) to find out the significance among the mean differences. In all cases 0.05 level of significance was fixed to test hypotheses. It was observed that the twelve weeks of circuit training have significant effect on HDL and LDL than the control group.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Circuit Training, Lipid, Football Players

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The intersection of engineering and sports has ushered in a new era of athletic performance, injury prevention, and fan engagement. This article explores the profound impact of engineering innovations on various aspects of sports. Advanced training equipment, such as the AlterG anti-gravity treadmill and wearable technology like the Whoop Strap, have revolutionized how athletes train and optimize their performance. Engineering advancements in sports gear, exemplified by Nike's Dri-FIT and Vaporfly series, have enhanced comfort and efficiency. Biomechanical analysis tools and rehabilitation technologies like Dartfish and Game Ready systems have improved injury prevention and recovery processes. Additionally, virtual reality and augmented reality, along with high-definition displays, have transformed the fan experience. Data analytics, powered by platforms like Catapult Sports and SportsCode, provide valuable insights for strategic decision-making. The article also highlights the role of sustainable engineering practices in designing energy-efficient and eco-friendly sports facilities, with examples such as the Mercedes-Benz Stadium and Levi's Stadium. Overall, engineering continues to push the boundaries of what is possible in sports, fostering advancements that benefit athletes, coaches, and fans alike.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Digital Technology, Anti-Gravity Treadmill, Wearable Technology

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

To achieve the purpose of this study, 20 volleyball men players were randomly selected as subjects from the St. Xavier's college, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India. Their age ranged from 18 to 25 years. The selected participants were randomly divided into two groups such as group 'A' medicine ball exercise (n=10) and group 'B' acted as control group (n=10). Group 'A' underwent medicine ball exercise for five days per week and each session lasted for an hour for eight week. Control group was not exposed to any specific training but they were participated in regular activities. The "Abdominal strength" (minutes per count) was used to measure bent knee sit ups were selected as variables. The pre and post tests data were collected on selected criterion variables prior and immediately after the training program. The pre and post-test scores were statistically examined by the dependent't' test and Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA). The level of significant was fixed at 0.05 level. It was concluded that the medicine ball exercise group had shown significantly improved in abdominal strength. However the control group had not shown any significant improvement on abdominal strength

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Medicine Ball Exercise, Abdominal Strength, Men, Volleyball Players

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The evolution of smart technology has revolutionized the way athletes approach training, and tennis is no exception. Specifically, the enhancement of tennis serves through the use of smart measuring devices has provided players with valuable data and insights to improve their game. Smart devices, such as smart rackets, wearable sensors, radar guns, and video analysis tools, have enabled coaches and players to analyze serve mechanics, accuracy, speed, and consistency in unprecedented detail. This paper explores the integration of these smart measuring devices into tennis service training, examining their impact on performance improvement and identifying potential areas for future development. The study highlights the benefits of real-time feedback, personalized insights, and biomechanical analysis, all of which contribute to refining the serve technique and overall match performance.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Enhancement, Tennis, Service, Smart Measuring Devices and Technology

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Nutrition plays a crucial role in the overall performance of athletes, including Kabaddi players. Proper dietary intake enhances endurance, strength, agility, and recovery, which are vital for optimal performance. This article examines the nutritional practices of college Kabaddi players and their impact on performance. It also highlights the importance of macronutrients, micronutrients, hydration, and meal timing in athletic success.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Video-Assisted Refereeing (VAR), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Sensor-Based Tracking and Sports Technology

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition