Volume 8 | Issue 12

 Abstract

Background: Breastfeeding is the universally preferred method of feeding a newborn. Breast engorgement is a condition that affects breastfeeding mothers early in the postpartum. The discomfort and tenderness as a result of the engorgement is a major contributing factor to the early cessation of breastfeeding. Many treatments for breast engorgement have been attempted and explored. The studies revealed that lactational counseling can increase the knowledge of mother in reducing the incidence of breast engorgement and in improving the new born feeding behaviour. AIM: the aim of the study was to prevent breast engorgement and newborn feeding behavior. Objectives:1. Determine the effectiveness of lactational counseling on breast engorgement among ante natal mothers., 2.Determine the effectiveness of lactational counseling on newborn feeding behaviour among antenatal mothers.3.Associate the breast engorgement and newborn feeding behaviour with selected back ground variables of the antenatal mother. Methodology: 50 antenatal mothers from CEmONC center, Madanapalli were selected by using convenience sampling method. Results: Study results shows that among 50 primi antenatal mothers� majority 62% (31) had inadequate knowledge, 34% (17) had moderate knowledge and only 4% (2) had adequate knowledge in pre-test. Whereas in post-test 8% (16) had inadequate knowledge and 50% (25) had adequate knowledge and 34% (17) had moderate knowledge on newborn feeding behavior. Study findings revealed that among 50 primi antenatal mother�s majority 64% (32) had inadequate knowledge, 30% (15) had moderate knowledge and only 6% (3) had adequate knowledge in pre-test. Whereas in post-test 7% (14) had inadequate knowledge, 54% (27) had adequate knowledge and 32% (16) had moderate knowledge on breast engorgement.

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 Keywords

modified breast engorgement, newborn feeding behavior, antenatal mothers.

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The Judiciary in India has earned the reputation as an environmentalist due to the various decisions which have been credited with changing the whole environmental protection discourse in India. The Courts have not only been helpful in limiting the environmental degradation but they have also been instrumental in preventing the reversible damage to the ecology. However, the approach of the Court has been diminishing over the last few years and it has reached to a point where the initial gains made by the Courts activism are being eroded gradually. Apart from this there is the persistent issue of the fixation of the Court with taking up the matters which garner the maximum number of headlines in the news. There is some proof for the criticism of the Court for its manifest class bias while disposing off the environmental matters where the underprivileged sections of the society are left to fend for themselves while the concerns of the affluent sections of the society are passed off as the vision of the Court for conservation. In this paper the author has tried to analyse the growth and development along with the discontents in the environmental jurisprudence of the Court. Certain course correction measures are also suggested by the author which will help in restoring the strong role being played by the Court in environment protection.

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Environmental conservation, Judicial Activism, Right to Life, Mega Projects,Livelihood

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Progress of human civilization, advancement in medical science and healthier lifestyle of people has obviously increased life of Old Age. Ironically, changed socio-economic conditions have completely changed living conditions of older persons in the country. In changed set up, old people face increased incidences of age discrimination, ageism, elder abuse and mistreatment of older community, which are strictly against any civilized society. Elderly abuse is not new in any society or country whether developed, under developed or developing country. Initially what we called a family issue has now been reported as a social welfare issue as abuse of elderly related to their problem of aging has become a major concern area of criminal justice

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Abuse, Justice, Elder.

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Women are considered as dependent objects for men in this patriarchal society. They dominate her to show their power to the world to maintain their self created status. The word hero is not simply an appellation given to a man, who possesses the only action and kung-fu flicks, rather a hero is someone who expects nothing in return, reckon with their problems as well as endeavors for others too. Hero word is not related to any gender and sex, it can be anyone, a woman, a man even a child can also be a hero. This word concerns with ability, sacrifices, virtuosity, determination, and courage. This paper can be divided into three parts. The first part deals with the circumstances of Celie in which she is forced to live. The second part discusses how she raises her voice after being a voiceless woman for a long period. Finally, in the last part, it presents an example of a Shero who has changed her deplorable circumstances into a prosperous life.

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Suppression, Patriarchy, Sexism, Casteism, Domination, Voice, Self identity.

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A new plan for user authentication is proposed using visual cryptography and invisible digital watermarking. Visual cryptography allows visual information to be encoded in such how that decoded becomes the work of the person to decrypt via a sight reading. Security for identity-based identification using visual cryptography and watermarking provides secure authentication for user access. To ensure a protective authentication in visual cryptography and watermarking algorithm embedding of finger print, iris image and face recognition are often used. A user verification and authentication methods are not suitable for frequent verification. The traditional behavioral biometrics on PCs, such as keystroke and mouse dynamics, cannot be practical on for user verification. Existing reauthentication schemes for fingerprint, iris image and face recognition are not practical for real applications due to low accuracy. To overcome such issue, we can utilize the support vector machine which provides the high accuracy, which involves two design methodologies, first is False Acceptance Rate (FAR) and second is False Rejection Rate (FRR). To enhancing the security of existing technique like finger print, iris image and face recognition over Noisy Images, an efficient image segmentation technique such as Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is used. To possess accurate FAR Extraction Ratio of Co-efficient (ROC) Curves, the result of MASEK and Ma are obtained. Binomial Distribution vector space is executed for FAR and FRR. To know Distribution Reliability in Ma and MASEK in 128 bit blocks are applied. The 128 bit block used for image segmentation uses DCT, DWT and DFT technique. The uniqueness of the input image totally results in distortion problems, so a robust watermarking algorithm and visual cryptography is used to develop the security, which can prevent the image from being hacked as well as distorted. The Mat Lab framework for Experimental results indicates that the proposed watermarking algorithm has high security, watermarking life time, user authentication delay and perceptual invisibility. Moreover, it can detect and locate the tampered region effectively for various performances of finger print, iris and Face. The Experimental result shows that Min & Max of FAR and FRR rate for security management control for visual cryptography.

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 Keywords

Data Encryption Standard (DES), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Visual Cryptography, Watermarking

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Existence of Child labour globally is a harsh reality. Various attempts have been made at national and international level to eradicate the same, but the bitter truth is that it is till persistent. Recently in India Child Labour abolition Act has been amended which has indirectly permitted Child labour if it is family occupation. Lack of proper policy measures and its implementation seems to be major causes along with various other causes for existence of Child labour.

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Child Labour, Caste, Religion, Policy Measures, Aurangabad

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Plant are one of the main source of natural textile dye. Environmental friendly natural dyes are gaining interest among people. The present study was employed to identify the fabric dyeing capacity of different plant samples using alum as the mordant. The extracted dye was successfully applied and it imparted soothing shades on the selected textile fabric. Today natural dyes are reviving its consumer interest as the awareness among the people regarding the environmental issues caused by production and application of synthetic dyes have increased. Attempts to improve the production and commercialization of natural dyes have to be given prime importance. Scientific study on improvement of quality, extraction, yield, and optimization of dye of natural dye must be accelerated. Systematic research on production, processing, trade and market also should be brought into consideration. Large scale dyeing units with natural dyes are now a reality in the textile market of safer, environment friendly and sustainable textiles.

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Natural dye, mordant, environment friendly, sustainable.

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The novel treatments for serious health disorders are basically the modulation of the nervous system by delivering electrical or pharmaceutical agents. The advancement in research has development a new therapeutic approach called bioelectronic medicines. The nervous system uses electrical signals to transfer information throughout the body. Almost each cell and organ of the body is directly or indirectly controlled by these neural signals. In bioelectronic medicine peripheral nerve interface are a central technology because these medical devices can record modulate the activity of nerves that innervate visceral organs. Glucose homeostasis is regulate by the nervous system. This has new exploration investigating the chance of bioelectronic medicine for improving glucose control in individuals with diabetes, including regulation of gastric emptying, insulin sensitivity and secretion of pancreatic hormones. Besides, the development of novel closed-loop strategies aims to provide effective, specific and safe interfacing with nervous system and thereby targeting the organs of interest. In this article, we study the future aspect that bioelectronic medicine treatment for diabetes.

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Bioelectronic medicine, Diabetes, Neuromodulation

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Brain Dominance relates preference of one side to other from the Left or Right Hemisphere. It is an important issue in the context which is in need to be taken into consideration of personage�s difference. As the different hemispheres of the brain perform differently, this has led to an inquisitiveness in research to find the effect of dominance in different sectors and their achievements. The analysis is conducted to find out the relationship between Brain Dominance and Achievements. It was witnessed that many different types of tools and techniques were used by a different canvasser for the accomplishment or analysis of the difference over worldwide. The revision concluded that there are some of the streams where the effect of Brain Dominance was observed. This awareness of dominance can help students or individuals performing better in their respective academic. The study showcase the fact that every individual is different and prefers a different way of thinking. By knowing how we and others think help us in making better decisions, improve working with empathy and relationship, improving communication, problem solving, and making lasting decisions.

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Brain, Brain Dominance, Hemisphere, Left Brain, Right Brain and Whole Brain

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Domestic violence is a major contributor to physical and mental ill health of women and is evident, to some degree, in every society in the world. It is a very well known and most frequent towards women�s in India. The World Health Organization reports that globally 29% to 62% of women have experienced physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner. Ending gender discrimination and all forms of violence against women requires an understanding of the prevailing culture of bias and violence. Physical violence was a major cause of concern among these women. Majority of the women preferred to remain silent despite being victimized. The women feared to resort to law because of implications such as social isolation. To address this, all sectors including education, health, legal, and judicial must work in liaison. Gender inequality must be eliminated and equal participation of women in the decision-making and development processes must be ensured. This study reviles the impact of Covid 19 and domestic violence worldwide. The secondary data has been used to collect the information.

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Violence, Gender, Covid-19

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When stimuli are learned by repetition, they are remembered better and retained for a longer time and so when it comes repetition learning part they lack in the medial temporal lobe of the brain region, and cortical regions are involved in the learning effect when subjects retrieve associative memory, and whether their activations differentially change over time due to learning experience. On the other hand, Memory consolidation is a time-dependent process by which recently learned experiences are being transformed into long term memory. It stabilizes the memory trace after the initial acquisition, neurologically, the process of consolidation utilizes a phenomenon called long-term potentiation, which allows a synapse to increase in strength as increasing numbers of signals are transmitted between the two neurons. Lobes of the cerebral cortex: While memory is created and stored throughout the brain, some regions are associated with specific types of memory. The temporal lobe is important for sensory memory, while the frontal lobe is associated with both short- and long-term memory. Repetition of information and the retrieval of the incident that took place with an individual affects the mindset of an individual. Eventually, it solidifies the connections which are used to recall memory and also helps to emphasize a feeling or idea, create rhythm, and also helps in developing a sense of urgency. The motive of memory repetition is to bring attention to an idea. However, that learning is different from the experiential knowledge of an individual due to participation in an event. To study the memory and its related issues neuropsychological tests were used to measure memory and Brain Electrical Oscillations Signature (BEOS) profiling was used to measure the difference between the Experiential Knowledge (EK) produced because of repetition of information as compared to event-related memory. A total of 30 individuals were randomly selected after taking an interview for BEOS recording. BEOS recording was done for both repetitions of information based Eks and Event-based EK�s. The results were compared using a paired sample t-test along with Mean & Standard Deviation of Episodic Memory & Repetitive Memory which has been discussed in the paper in detail.

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Repetition of Information, Experiential Knowledge, Event-Based memory, BEOS Recording, Neuropsychological Assessment.

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Abstract: Cloud computing impacts on different sectors, like Software Industry, E-learning, E-commerce, and health care. To purchase and maintain own resources for small industries is an economical burden to them. Cloud is providing the more services with minimal charges. By using cloud user can share a file to the other cloud user. Sigle ownership is not good for cloud-based applications. In this project, we are going to introduce the new mechanism Shared Ownership Reducing Space Complexity in The Cloud. In our Mechanism, the Owner will get the space by using access key control mechanism, we extended the existing model in SOM Authenticate protocol mechanism to share the files and, in this mechanism, the shared owner wants to delete the file he needs to get the permission from cloud service. By using SLA (Service Level Agreement). We will implement the Space sharing mechanism. In addition, we will reduce the burden on to the CSP (Cloud Service Provider), by using a cloud mechanism; we are going to increase the scalability of the CSP.

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SOM, SLA, CSP, Cloud Security, Shared Ownership, AOM, and SFD.

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Saving human life and providing security to the same both are two different aspects but both of them are essential and instead mandatory. This innovative system is made for operations which involve high risk for humans to enter, especially for some criminal case and may prove very beneficial for military area for spying purposes. The paper deals with the technical design and development of robot which is used in surveillance and metal mines and smoke detection. A wireless camera is added to the robot, which captures and broadcasts the present surrounding footage of the robot. Metal and smoke detector is used for mines and smoke detection. Microcontroller commands the robot. The movement of this robot is wirelessly controlled by a hand held RF transmitter to send commands to the RF receiver mounted on the moving robot. Since human life is valuable, these robots are the substitution of soldiers in war areas. This spy robot can be used in the areas where there can be threat from intruders or terrorists. At the time of war where it can be used to collect information from the enemy terrain and monitor at a far secure area and safely devise a plan for the counter attack , Tracking location of terrorist organization and the plan attack at suitable time .Making a surveillance of any affected area where human beings can�t go

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Surveillance robot, Metal mines Detector, Smoke Detector, RF controlled robot , LPC2148 , ESP 8266. Index Terms - Component, formatting, style, styling, insert.

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In this paper, we have investigated the Steady Plane Couette Flow of Viscous Incompressible Fluid between two Porous Parallel Plates through Porous Medium with Magnetic Field. We have studied the velocity, average Velocity, Shear stress, Skin frictions, volumetric flow, Drag Coefficients & Streamlines.

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Steady Couette Flow, Viscous Parallel Plates, Incompressible Fluid, Porous Medium & Magnetic Field.

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: Monitoring and analyzing crowd in public places plays an vital role in corona pandemic situation in order to prevent the wild spreading of the virus and to ensure the public safety. For analyzing and estimating the crowd in specific zone through a video/stream produced by a statically fixed camera we used image-processing techniques for this research implementation. Considering the pandemic situation we have used specific techniques in this implementation background subtraction, shadow elimination, segmentation and pixel/texture based image processing methods. With this methodology we get a group wise classified crowd estimations such as low, medium and high crowd. The video source can be inputted by a fixed positioned camera for the best estimation. In this research we only implemented using few logical calculations and image pre-processing techniques in order to develop a cost efficient model and also to ensure the real time processing of a stream for estimating crowd with good accuracy even in low light condition and to produce on time results. This helps in minimizing the human engagement for monitoring and analyzing.

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Background subtraction, Shadow elimination, Gaussian model, Pixel differentiating, Image processing, Intelligent systems

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Gender equity is imperative to the attainment of healthy lives and wellbeing of all, and promoting gender equity in leadership in all sectors is an important part for the development of the country. Women are suffering from the inequality in education, opportunities to work, career development and training due to their gender. They should have to meet same things like as men to grow themselves in the every field. Women are capable to work like men in all the sectors such as academic, politics, manufacturing and so on. It can be say that the impact of gender is influencing to the leadership in every society. Gender are influencing on the leadership in many ways. Whether men and women lead in a different way is still a highly debated issue. However, the major effect of gender on leadership is that women are presumed to be less competent and less worthy to hold leadership positions. This paper is based on the secondary data. The objectives of paper are to ascertain impediments hindering women advancement to leadership positions and gender equality and to examine inequality the extent to which the challenges impinge on female performances and their progresses to leadership. It is emphasizing on the gender equality and female leadership.

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Gender Equality, Female Leadership, Sustainable World, Literature Review

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The article reviews some newly developed concepts in reactive dyeing of cotton using sea water. Attempts have been made using sea water as a substitute for dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes of various shades and extents of salt contents. A comparative investigation has been conducted using hot brand reactive dye with normal water, RO water and sea water (with and without salt). In another study, sea water has been used as dyeing medium for dyeing of cotton textiles with reactive dyes. Sea water has been treated with calcium oxide/sodium carbonate to remove sodium and calcium ions. The results indicate that addition of specified concentration of sodium chloride is necessary for increase in dye exhaustion in pre-treated sea water instead of a higher concentration (3 times the other) of sodium chloride as required in the conventional dyeing method.

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Cotton, Reactive dyeing, Sea water, Electrolyte load, Fastness rating, Water conservation.

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A consumer is an individual that purchases the goods or services produced by a business. Attracting consumer is the primary goal of most public facing business because it is the customer who creates demand for goods and services. Business often competes through advertisements or lowered prices to attract an ever larger consumer base. Since the consumer are the ultimate end users of any product or services the organizations need to satisfy them on the priority basis because the unsatisfied customer tend to switch brand. The success of the organization majorly depends upon the satisfaction of consumers. In order to satisfy the consumer one has to know about what consumer buy, why they buy it, when they buy it, how they buy, how often they buy and what made them switch to other brands. The present paper focuses on buying patterns of shampoo among the individuals. The study also examines factors specially advertisement, which has a great influence to consumers to buy a particular brand�s shampoo and reason for their switching to other brands. From the research the results revealed that advertisement plays a significant role in buying behavior of a consumer. It was also inferred from the study that consumers switch to other brands after watching endorsement. The present study is conducted on the college girls of Raipur region.

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Consumers� buying behavior, Consumers� switching behavior, Business

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The useful ammonia (NH3) gas sensor based on polyaniline (PANI) film as an active sensing layer. The PANI films prepared on a Glass substrate by a simple in-situ polymerization technique. In FTIR spectroscopy N-H and C- H stretching observed at the 3400 /cm which confirms the functional group of PANI. In UV�Visible absorption spectrum of the synthesized PANI film extended tail at 800nm representing the conducting ES state of Polyaniline. Ammonia (NH3) gas-sensing properties of the films prepared at 0oC conditions were examined at room temperature in the range of 10 to 100ppm.The room temperature functioning of the sensor is critical, which facilitates low-power operation and also enhances the life time of a sensor. The observed variation in resistance of PANI film corresponding to 10 ppm and 100 ppm of NH3 exposure. Furthermore, good reproducibility and long-term stability were also observed over a concentration range from 10 to 100 ppm. These results indicate that the PANI films on glass substrate promising for portable on-site detection.

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Investigating the Sensing Response of Polyaniline for Ammonia Prepared at Lower Room Temperature

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Security is one of the grossing topics in today�s market. There are various techniques used and being made to make the system more secure and easy for a person to use. Surveillance along with security systems are really costly in today�s time. We have designed a reasonable system with few sensors and prediction algorithms to get information about any intruder or security break down. It is an IOT based system and uses a server-based on Django. The system also has two-factor authentication and uses the user�s GPS location to disable the system�s outer most security layer for further authentication and correct identification. This system is designed to work in a closed-loop and even gets feedback whenever unlocked. The system is practically implemented and is being further improved for production purposes. It can be used in multiple places like home, offices, banks, schools, etc.

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 Keywords

IOT, Security, Prediction, STM32

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition