Volume 13 | Issue 2

 Abstract

Differential is used when a vehicle takes a turn, the outer wheel on a longer radius than the inner wheel. The outer wheel turns faster than the inner wheel that is when there is a relative movement between the two rear wheels. If the two rear wheels are rigidly fixed to a rear axle the inner wheel will slip which cause rapid tire wear, steering difficulties and poor load holding.Differential is a part of inner axle housing assembly, which includes the differential rear axles, wheels and bearings. The differential consists of a system of gears arranged in such a way that connects the propeller shaft with the rear axles. The main objective of this paper is to perform mechanical design of differential gear box and analysis of gears in gear box. We have taken Stainless steel,aluminium alloy,magnesium alloy,structural steel materials for conducting the analysis. Presently used materials for gears and gears shafts is Cast Iron, Cast Steel. So, in this paper we are checking as the other material for the differential gear box for light utility vehicles so, we can reduce the weight.

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 Keywords

Chassis, Finite element Analysis, Structure, Ladder Frame, Static structural analysis, Side Member, Cross Member.

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 Abstract

A quick return system converts rotating motion into reciprocating motion. It consists of two different velocities for its strokes for example working and return. This mechanism is used in machines, for example, shapers and power-driven saws for giving the reciprocating cutting tool a slow cutting stroke and a quick return stroke with a constant angular velocity of the driving crank. Crank and slotted lever mechanism is one of the famous mechanisms for quick return motion to obtain reciprocating motion.

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 Keywords

Lever, Link, Quick return mechanism, Slotted bar.

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 Abstract

The project that we are designing will help us to provide an easy but secure access to garage door. The installation cost of the door is low and the changes that are required to be done are also very less. To build such a door opener we need 1-Electric motor 2-Sliding door with rack and pinion arrangement 3-Wiring system, 4- Power source 5-Supporting clamps 6-Arduino Uno ,IR sensors 7-A remote to open and close the gate We are designing this automatic door in order to understand the basic functions of the automatic door and also detailed working of the concepts behind this. This project will also help us to acquire some basic knowledge about electrical circuits, sensors and welding processes.

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Design Analysis Automatic Garage Door Opener

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Project is concerned about and to develop an "automatic tyre pressure inflation system". As we are aware that by drop of few pressure units in vehicle its results in the reduction in mileage, tyre life, safety and performance.This system can be placed in every in automobile under any operating condition, this will not only maintain the correct tyre pressure but also increase tyre life, mileage and safety so we have fabricated this system to inflate and deflate the tyre automatically by using control units. This system is named automatic because it checks the tyre pressure continuously using built control device and accordingly gives alert signals to the driver about the tyre condition.

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 Keywords

Vehicle Performance, Vehicle Efficiency, Vehicle Safety, Pressure switch, Solenoid Valve.

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 Abstract

In today's world, safe operation of the vehicle demands that the operator be able to maintain absolute control of the vehicle's critical operating dynamics: (1) Control of the direction of motion of the vehicle (steering) (2) Control of the velocity of the vehicle, i.e. the ability to slow and fully stop the vehicle (braking). This paper provides an overview of electric assisted vehicular steering including brief description of various conventional systems and the basics of steering; particular attention in addressed to -Electric Power Assisted Steering (EPAS). Electric power assisted steering has temped automotive engineer since the 1950. Even so, the promise of smaller, lighter, and more efficient systems never quite matched the low cost and performance of hydraulic power assisted steering (HYPAS) advance in microelectronics; however have rekindled interest in EPAS. Motor drive stages, electronic control units and torque sensor can now be manufactured relatively cheaply. These components, coupled with complex control algorithms implemented in software can rival or better the performance and functionality of conventional hydraulic steering systems.

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 Keywords

Need of EPAS, Future Steering Systems, System Structures of Safe Electrical Steering Systems, Electric Power Assisted Steering, Components of EPAS, Selection of Materials, Specifications of Components, Cost Estimation.

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The handling of abstract materials and mechanisms to pick and place are widely found in factory automation and industrial manufacturing. There are different mechanical grippers which are based on different motor technologies have been designed and employed in numerous applications. The designed robotic gripper in this paper is a two jaw actuated gripper which is different from the conventional cam and follower gripper in the way that controlled movement of the jaws is done with the help of pneumatic cylinders using air pressure. The force developed in the cylinder is very gentle and is directly delivered to the jaws in a compact way. The design, analysis and fabrication of the gripper model are explained in details along with the detailed list of all existing pneumatic grippers in market. The force and torque for the gripper have been calculated for different set of conditions. The working of the model is checked for and observation for pay load is recorded at various pressures. The highly dynamic and highly accelerated gripper model can be easily set at intermediate positions by regulating the pressure. Pneumatic grippers are very easy to handle and are generally cost- effective because air hoses, valves and other pneumatic devices are easy to maintain.

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 Keywords

Automation, air hoses, Ansys, gripper, jaws, Pro-E.

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This paper stands for spring less valve system for IC Engine valve. Conventional valve system uses one valve for opening of cam and closing of cam totally depends upon spring, but spring less valve system uses two cams for its operation. In this work we are going to design spring less valve system. Model analysis of opening and closing cam of spring less valve system is done. For different material we have done harmonic analysis to know about failure of closing and opening cam. Harmonic analysis represents when resonance will occur. This new system improves the performance of IC Engine. This new system uses less power for its working.

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Spring less valve, Closing cam, Opening cam, Modal analysis, Harmonic analysis

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Today's 21st century has come a long way in the evolution of transmission systems. This paper aims in keen understanding and conceptual learning of Epi-cyclic gear drive system for transmission of power. The results of planetary gear transmission system yields the key characteristics such as high power density and compact design. To improve the detailed understanding of multi speed planetary gear hub systems, the work in this research will primarily guide through the utilization of these unique systems via the design of 3-speed planetary gear transmission system. Further to better predict the very potential and economical manufacturing process of planetary gears, first, the traditional manufacturing of gears is to be understood and thereby, speculating the creation of 3-D printed metal gears that will more accurately react to changing revolutionary manufacturing technologies and transmission systems , and make more effective use of these basic principles of gear system. The main objective, being, to brief the designers and manufacturers to rapidly conceptualize these basic ideas in to physically possible innovative models for the sake of revolution of the present gear technology

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 Keywords

Planetary Gears, Three speed system, Transmission system, Gear Technology, Shifting mechanism.

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 Abstract

Most of the small-scale handling equipment manufacturers in India is using manual methods or a finished product, material transfer, and pick and place operations which consume more time and reduced productivity. To remedy the above-mentioned problem the low-cost solution for pick and place operation uses electronic, electrical, and mechanical components. The project is suitable for thin sheet metal, intricate parts also have the capability for paper handling and has multiple speed control or operation.

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 Keywords

Pick And Place Machine, Automation, Mechanical, Suction.

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 Abstract

A leaf spring is a simple form of spring, commonly used for the suspension in wheeled vehicles. Leaf Springs are long and narrow plates attached to the frame of a trailer that rest above or below the trailer's axle. There are monoleaf springs, or single-leaf springs, that consist of simply one plate of spring steel. These are usually thick in the middle and taper out toward the end, and they don't typically offer too much strength and suspension for towed vehicles. Drivers looking to tow heavier loads typically use multileaf springs, which consist of several leaf springs of varying length stacked on top of each other. The shorter the leaf spring, the closer to the bottom it will be, giving it the same semielliptical shape a single leaf spring gets from being thicker in the middle. Springs will fail from fatigue caused by the repeated flexing of the spring. The aim of the project is to design and model a leaf spring according to the loads applied. Presently used material for leaf spring are forged steel. In this project we are going to design leaf spring for the materials Mild Steel and composite material Glass Carbon by varying reinforcement angle. We are going to check the strength variations while changing reinforcement angle. For validating this design we are conducting FEA Structural Analysis is done on the leaf spring by using two different materials Mild Steel and Glass Carbon. Modal and fatiuge Analysis is also done. Pro/Engineer software is used for modeling and ANSYS is used for analysis.

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 Keywords

Leaf Spring; Composite Materials ; Creo; ANSYS;

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 Abstract

All humans now consider cleaning to be a basic requirement, and it is an inevitable daily ritual. The most common locations for the traditional road cleaning machine are bus stands, airports, train stations, and hospitals. These locations also require electricity to run the equipment. It is neither environmentally friendly nor user-friendly. There is a power outage during the summer, and as a result, most road cleaning equipment is not used efficiently. We are employing inexpensive, readily available materials for our project. It is a superior substitute for a traditional machine.

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Design and Fabrication, Eco-Friendly cleaner, Road safety and hygiene

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A computational capability is evolved for the gold standard design of radial drilling gadget shape to satisfy static stress and natural frequency necessities the use of finite element idealization. The radial drilling device structure is idealized with body elements and is analyzed by way of the usage of specific combos of move sectional shapes for the radial arm and the column. From the consequences acquired, the best mixture of cross sectional shapes is recommended for the structure. With this mixture of cross sectional shapes, mathematical programming strategies are used to find the minimal weight design of the radial drilling device shape. A sensitivity analysis is carried out about the most excellent factor to locate the consequences of adjustments in layout variables on the structural weight and the reaction quantities.

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3D Modeling in CREO parametric software program and evaluation in ANSYS software.

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This project describes the concept, design and prototype implementation of a wheeled pole-climbing-robot based on Ferromagnetic adhesion. Pole climbing robots have become an interesting area for research in the last years. Several robots have been developed to solve this given problem. Every construction has its own advantages and disadvantages. The goal of this work was to design another pole climbing robot that uses a ferromagnetic adhesion principle. It was not the forceful goal to create a fully optimized working robot but rather to learn the design and construction steps, which are needed for a new product from the engineering point of view.

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Wall Climbing Robot, Magnetic Adhesion, Adhesion-Locomotion, Surface Inspection, Pipe Robot.

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 Abstract

The pipe cutting process is a main part of all industries. Normally the pipe cutting machine is manually hand operated one for medium and small scale industries. Automation in the modern world is in inevitable. Any automatic machine aim at the economical use of man, machine, and material worth the most. In our project is solenoid valve and control timing unit is used for automation .The pipe cutting machine works with the help of pneumatic double acting single cylinder .The piston is connected to the moving cutting tool .It is used to cut the small size of the pipe. The machine is portable in size, so easy transportable. A compress air from compressor is used as force medium for this operation. There are pneumatic double acting cylinders, solenoid valve, flow control valve and timer unit is used. The arm from the compressor enters to the flow of control valve. The control air from the flow control valve enters to the solenoid valve. The function of solenoid valves all of air correct time interval. The 5/2 solenoid valve is used In one position air enters to the cylinder and pushes the piston so that the cutting stroke is obtained. The next position air enters to the other side of cylinder and pushes the piston return back, so that the remaining stroke is obtained .The speed of cutting releasing stroke is varying by the timer control unit circuit.

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 Keywords

Automation, Compressor, Solenoid vavle, Pneumatic.

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 Abstract

In Lubrication process lubricant is used as fluid in machining process can reduce the cutting temperature and provides the lubrication to work piece and tool .These increase the long life of the tool and good surface quality. There are many types of lubrication system is used in industry. This paper is review of Automatic Lubrication System which is used in industry. This system delivers controlled amount of lubricant to multiple location on a machine parts while the machine is working. The lubrication consists of greasing oil to different greasing points. This study involves with design and manufacturing of automatic lubrication system. This system gives safety to part and worker and it also minimize manpower required for lubrication system. Damage due to large greasing to part can be stopped. This paper also describes the parts which are used to construct of Automatic Lubrication System.

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Double acting pneumatic cylinder, Grease gun, Solenoid valve, Digital timer, connecting rod.

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 Abstract

This paper discusses design and fabrication of "Slotting/ Milling Attachment to Lathe". It is well known that lathe is considered to be a versatile machine in which several capabilities of machining are inbuilt. To further enhance its versatility, in this research, an attachment is designed and fabricated to add the capability of horizontal milling machine in lathe. A milling cutter is mounted in a cutting arbor, which in turn is mounted between the headstock and the tailstock of a lathe. A work holding device is designed and mounted on the tool post. With this arrangement, it is possible to do keyway cutting in a shaft or milling a plane surface on a work piece. This research is considered to be a milestone in the direction of increasing the capability of the machine tool like lathe.

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Milling, Slotting, Lathe, Attachment, Enhancement of Lathe Features.

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 Abstract

The automatic rain sensing car wiper system is used to detect rainfall and it is used to activate any automobile's rain wipers without driver interaction. The system was developed to avoid driving distractions and hence allow the drivers to focus on their primary task of driving. The distraction get rid with the development of this product is the manual adjustment of windshield wipers when driving in precipitation. The few seconds that a driver takes their attention off the road to adjust a knob while driving in poor weather conditions could potentially lead to car accidents. So to avoid this type of accidents automatic car wipers can be used.The automatic car wiper system uses a combination of impedance and Impedance sensor to detect rain and its intensity. The system contains a controller that takes in the input signals from the sensors and the sensor senses the water drop or moisture and then controls the operation of the windshield wipers based on those input signals. The prototype demonstration shows the basic operation of the system in standard conditions. Thus the system responds successfully to rain drops or simulations within the specified amount of time

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 Keywords

Rain sensor, Microcontroller, Arduino, Servo Motor.

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 Abstract

This project presents the concept of two directional operating machine mainly carried out for production-based industries. Industries are basically meant for production of useful goods and services are low production cost machinery and low inventory cost. Today in this world every task has been made quicker and fast due to technology advancement but this advancement also demands huge investment and expenditure, every industry desire to make high productivity rate maintaining the quality and standard of the product at low average cost.

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Scotch yoke Mechanism, Dual shaper, Belt, Single point cutting tool

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This project work titled" INVOLUTE GEAR PROFILE ERROR DETECTOR BY USING DIAL GAUGE "The aim of the project is to check the error detection by applying the basic principle of involute generation. Usually when the gears have any defects it produces more vibration. In order to rectify the vibration we have planned to design and fabricate the involute gear profile error detector. The main part of the involute gear profile error detector is the base circle disc in which the gear is mounted. The gear is locked by means of locking arrangement which has a shaft and it is coupled to the bearings. The whole locking arrangement is coupled by means of a locking screw arrangement called locking handle which can be able to rotate manually. It consists of the actuating rod which is situated between the baseplate and locking arrangement. The function of the actuating rod to hold the base plate tightly. In this project spur gears are designed. The program is a user friendly one and when executed it is ask the inputs and performs the necessary design calculation and gives necessary output values. It also gives the gear tooth profile with accurate safe dimensions.

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DEVELOPMENT OF INVOLUTE GEAR ERROR DETECTOR

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 Abstract

In standard two-wheel steering vehicles, the rear wheels do not play any role in association with the steering and follow the path of the front wheels. In four wheels steering the wheels can be rotated either left or right as per the requirements. Rear wheels can be rotated in same direction as the front or in opposite direction. The four-wheel system is designed to function in 3 modes namely, in-phase rotation, counter-phase rotation and zero rotation. The steering systems are designed to give the best control designed for the vehicle. The vehicles are designed with steering control to the front wheels or in certain cases steering control is given to the rear wheels. The dual axle steering system shows the working of different motion of wheels with respect to various turning arrangements.

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 Keywords

Design and fabrication of Dual Axis Vehicle Steering Mechanism

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