Volume 12 | Issue 11

 Abstract

The paper aims at designing and fabricating a solar grass cutter with water spraying system using RF Technology to reduce man power, pollution and usage of electricity in gardening. Both the grass cutting and the water spraying application can be executed in parallel. Power supply performs an amazing function anywhere people lives and works. The residing values and affluence of a country range at once with the growth with the usage of power. Worlds electricity requirement is growing at an alarming price because of commercial growth, improved and huge use of electrical gadgets. The high-quality alternative opportunity supply is from the sun energy. In this design the source energy is ambitious from the sun radiation by using PV panels and it is stored in 12V rechargeable DC battery. The proposed proto-vehicle performs two operations that are controlled using a switch. The first operation is grass cutting, the grass cutting blade is connected a DC Motor. The second operation is the spreading of water/pesticide, here we use a water pump connected to the spreading nozzle by the means of hoses.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Electricity, Electrical gadgets, Spreading nozzle, Ecological, Solar panel , microcontroller, prototype

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Well agriculture has always been the backbone of India for a long time. The project we put forth has been designed to minimize the work of a farmer so that he can tirelessly perform his farming tasks. We intend to automate the most common and frequent tasks of the farmer. Our project focuses on compact designing and slight automating the tractor with battery powered motor so as to get daily farming tasks done with ease. Here we try to automate some farming tasks such as Weeding The farmer will be provided with a throttle using which he may adjust the required speed and start or turn off the vehicle and control its movement. Also in future it can be fitted with a sprayer and water tank so farmer does not need to manually spray water over fields. Thus this agricultural robot is aimed to improve, automate tractor farming and make the work of a farmer easy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Crank, Robotic Vehicle, Automatic planting system, fabricated, reciprocating motion

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A vehicle such as a large truck can generate electricity for operating a hybrid engine or recharging batteries by use of an electricity generating driveshaft. The electricity generating driveshaft is comprised of a magnetized driveshaft which acts as a rotor, and a series of copper wire coils surrounding the magnetized driveshaft which acts as a stator in an electrical generator. As the magnetized driveshaft spins as a result of power from the hybrid engine, an electrical field is created which is captured by the copper wire coils and used to power the hybrid engine or recharge a super capacitor.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Driveshaft,Ethanol and Gasoline, OPEC nations, propeller shaft, physical reliability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The process of arranging items systematically is named sorting. Manual sorting of Object is preferred at the wholesale market and industries supported different parameters like size, shape, quality, etc. But it's a time consuming, less efficient, and inconsistent method. The existing systems in the market can sort single Object with single or multiple parameters. To replace this traditional sorting way, the proposed system presents an automatic Object sorting mechanism with ir sensor. It recognizes and classifies two different Object with two different heights analysis method. In recent years the importance of process automation has been increased as the growth of any industry is directly depends on it. For precise output and accuracy of industrial process robots with sophisticated sensors are used. In modern era application of image processing in many industrial processes has proven its prevalence and dominance. This paper present color based object sorting system which uses the machine vision and the operations in image processing. The proposed work is to develop compact, easy and accurate objects sorting machine using real time color image processing method to continuously evaluate and inspect the color deformity using camera based machine vision. After the evaluation of quality the object is sorted into predefined quality groups with the help of pick and place roboarm. If the inspected object fails to follow quality norms it is rejected out by the system. The proposed system will have broad areas of applications in many fields where continuously evaluation of the quality is required.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Conveyer Belt, Roboarm, Monetary, Image processing, Arduino, IR sensor, blower,magnetic, biodegradable ,non-biodegradable

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Pure, clean drinking water is a need of every household as humans can't live without it. Electricity at rural and remote areas is extremely erratic, thus making conventional water purifiers almost redundant for use. Thus, this project is specifically aimed at such areas and conditions of the world where water supply is erratic or non-existent and access to clean drinking water is sometimes at long distances. A pedal operated water filtration system is a water filtering apparatus which can filter water by using human muscle power via a pedal operated mechanism. This apparatus is preferably mounted on a supporting frame for increased portability. It will be specifically designed to perform three important functions: storing water, filtering it and transporting it to the final destination. the aim of this project is to solve purifying drinking water by creating a durable apparatus which is cheap to manufacture and to buy, which can last for a long time in rural conditions and which can be detachable so that it can be mounted on any frame. The system works on the sprocket chain system with power generator dynamo along with supporting frame interfaced with filters, container with integrated heating element and supporting circuit to achieve this system development. The overall apparatus is designed to be as lightweight and as cheap as possible so as to make it easily accessible to a very wide range of people. The apparatus is also designed to be made detachable so that it can be easily shifted from one place to another with minimal modifications.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Erratic,impurities,Dynamo,Pedaling,Pollution,Parasites,Bacteria,Algae, Viruses, Fungi

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The purpose of this project is to modify the design of existing car jack (hydraulic) in terms of its functionality by addition of 12 volt battery operated motorized gear box to oscillate the operating link of hydraulic jack . General idea of the project is to minimize the human effort while operating the jack. To provide an electrical hydraulic jacking system that is directly lifting vehicles one wheel.it reduces human hectic efforts reduces injury risk also like sleep of jack.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hydraulic jack, Cylinder, axial direction, reciprocating motion

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abrasive Jet Machining (AJM) or Micro Blast Machining is a non-traditional machining process, wherein material removal is effected by the erosive action of a high velocity jet of a gas, carrying fine-grained abrasive particles, impacting the work surface. The process is particularly suitable to cut intricate shapes in hard and brittle materials which are sensitive to heat and have a tendency to chip easily. As Abrasive jet machining (AJM) is similar to sand blasting and effectively removes hard and brittle materials. AJM has been applied to rough working such as debarring and rough finishing. With the increase of needs for machining of ceramics, semiconductors, electronic devices and L.C.D., AJM has become a useful technique for micromachining.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Abrasive Jet Machining,Nozzle tip,Micro Blast Machining, Tolerances. Delectability, Etching, Grinding, Honing,Polishing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The world is now moving towards the renewable energy source due to various factors like pollution and cost of non-renewable energy sources. One of the major renewable energy sources is Sun. In this project Arduino based Dual-axis solar tracking system proposed in order to get maximum solar energy. The Arduino is used to give command to rotate the solar panel. Solar trackers are used to improve the power gain from solar energy. Solar power is changes due to the seasonal variation and tilting of earth which changes the position of the sun in the sky. In this regard dual axis solar tracking is practically implemented and performance is compared with fixed mount and single axis solar tracking system. Finally, project result clearly evident that proposed method gives better efficiency compared to fixed mount and single axis solar tracking system

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Dual-axis vitality, Dynamic sensors, Arduino, Robotized framework, regulators, photo- voltaic

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Parallel parking is a method of parking a vehicle in-line with other parked vehicles. Parallel parking requires initially driving slightly past the parking space, parallel to the parked vehicle in front of that space, keeping a safe distance, and then followed by reversing into that space. Subsequent position adjustment may require the use of forward and reverse gears. Parallel parking is considered to be one of the hardest skills for new drivers to learn. Parallel parking enables the driver to park a vehicle in a smaller space than would be true of forward parking. Driving forward into a parking space on the side of a road is typically not possible unless two successive parking spaces are empty. Reversing into the spot via the parallel parking technique allows one to take advantage of a single empty space not much longer than the car in order to complete the parking within three wheel-turns the parking space would generally need to be about one and a half car length long.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Parallel parking , Pneumatic system, Boot space, Pivot point, Automotive sector

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Nowadays accidents may occur due to various reasons, the foremost reason is brake failure and is caused due to poor maintenance as well as product defect. In order to safe guard the valuable human life from these accidents; there is a need for monitoring of braking system in automobiles. Vehicle safety is the avoidance of automobile accidents or the minimization of harmful effects of accidents, in particular related to human life and health. Special safety features have been built into vehicles occupants only, and some for the safety of others. Automobiles have been the primary mode of transportation for most of us and we depend on them for our day to day commute. Brake failure indicator circuit is a circuit that constantly monitor the condition of brake. The sensor which is attached to the circuit of a brake failure by monitoring the brake switch and reminds you the condition of brake every time when brake is applied. This mechanism involves a Brake wire which runs from the brake lever to the braking mechanism set-up of the vehicle. It is this wire that gets pulled when we apply brakes to stop our vehicle.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Kinetic energy,Potential energy, Electric current, Auxiliary Braking System, Buzzer

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This project introduces a brush-making machine that operates on the principle of wire twisting, transforming a single wire into two. The machine's operation is straightforward, allowing for the production of round brushes in various sizes and shapes. By manually rotating a shaft, the wire undergoes twisting, incorporating nylon material seamlessly into the process. The workflow involves simple steps, including stretching and cutting the wire, as well as fixing it securely in place for twisting. With an estimated production rate of 95 to 110 brushes within an 8-hour workday, this machine offers an efficient solution for small-scale brush manufacturing endeavors. Its accessibility and ease of use make it an attractive option for entrepreneurs seeking to enter the brush-making industry, enabling them to set up operations affordably and efficiently while meeting the demand for quality brushes in the market.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Orpiment Stretching, Aligns, Thriving, Shaft, Iterative Shells, Brush.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Fences can be defined as arrangement that provides an obstruction, enclosure, or a boundary, made up of posts or stakes linked together by boards, wire, or rails. The chains run vertically and are bent into a zigzag pattern so that each "zig" hooks with the wire immediately on one side and each "zag" with the wire immediately on the other. The manufacturing of chain-link fencing is called weaving. Preparing zigzag shape wire is a quite challenging task and cannot be done using basic mechanisms. So here we design a smart mechanism to automatically bend wires in order to get zigzag shaped wire for mesh. These wires can then be linked together to create chain link or meshes.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Wire bobbin, Fencing machine, Solar power, Meshing operation, conventional energy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Most of the industries are having a various types of reciprocating machines for performing machine operation on small size of work. Usually shaper, broaching machine and planner are used for machining a small area of work with less quantity. These machines are used for machining very small area of plain surface, vertical surface, angular surface, grooving etc. It removes the materials from job only at forward stroke. So it takes more machining time to complete the product. In order to overcome this problem, a small dual shaper machine is developed for machining two work pieces at a same time. In this machine, it has both the direction of ram movement and it removes a material from two work pieces simultaneously. So, the machining time will be reduced and the production rate will be increased.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Plain surface, vertical surface, clapper block, financial feasibility, trial production

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Hot roll lubrication technology in widely used in flat and slope rolling. In flat rolling mills, lubricant in the form of old-in-water emulsion or dispersion is sprayed using flat jet nozzles either in the roll bite or on the surface of backup rolls. In shape rolling mills, lubricant in the form of emulsion is sprayed directly at the toil bite. The application of roll bite lubrication requires a well-engineered system to prevent the Lubricant from being carried away by the roll cooling water. Each drop of lubricant must be effectively burnt during rolling. The positioning of spray headers inside the mill housing is a critical decision, considering ease of maintenance and system safety.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Lubrication, Slipping zones, Strip mill, Nano lubricants.Rolling

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The intention of any hydroelectric generating station is to convert potential energy associated with the water in a watercourse passing the station into electrical energy. Industry has broad experience in the field of screw pumps and screw pump installations. For nearly 100 years Micro-hydro power plants has designed, manufactured, supplied, erected and maintained many types of screw pump configurations. Since the early eighties Micro-hydro power plants had available a fully automated screw pump selection This project is used to select the optimum screw pump for a particular application with least or zero head .This can produce some electricity using small generator.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hydroelectric, Erected, Ecological services, Microhydro, Hydropower, Economic

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The soul of India lives in the villages and the backbone of that soul is the agricultural sector Improvement in irrigation is necessary to strengthen the economic background in agriculture. In present times, more power is required for people to use new equipment. Solar energy must be used optimally to achieve the expected results that it is environmentally friendly and can be run with less power consumption than central pumps and fuel-based pumps. Its ultimate objective is to lift water from the level discharged through water resources. Therefore, electric energy is powered by the help of PV panels and batteries charged by the Sun rays and electric power is obtained to drive the DC motor which provides power to the reciprocating pump with mechanical power to the connecting rod. The system consists of a single solar panel, battery, motor, crankshaft, exchange pump, valve and tank

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Power consumption, Reciprocating, crankshaft, exchange pump, valve and tank.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In seismic regions, the design and construction of earthquake-resistant buildings are paramount to mitigating structural damage and safeguarding human lives. This case study investigates various techniques employed in the construction of earthquake-resistant buildings, focusing on their effectiveness in minimizing seismic risks. The study evaluates structural dynamics, material properties, and architectural considerations that contribute to enhancing seismic performance. Key methodologies include a comparative analysis of different structural systems such as base isolation, damping systems, and reinforced concrete frames. Through a series of case examples from earthquake-prone regions globally, the study examines real-world applications of these techniques and their outcomes during seismic events. The findings underscore the importance of integrating advanced engineering principles with regional seismicity data to optimize building resilience. Furthermore, the study highlights the role of interdisciplinary collaboration between architects, engineers, and material scientists in developing holistic earthquake-resistant building solutions. Ultimately, this case study aims to provide insights into best practices and innovations in earthquake-resistant design, offering valuable lessons for architects, engineers, and policymakers involved in constructing resilient infrastructure in earthquake-prone areas

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Earthquake, Resistance, Building, Area, Base Isolation, Seismic Protection, Structural Engineering, Earthquake Resilience, Damping Systems, Flexible Foundations, Isolation Bearings, Energy Dissipation, Stability, Vibration Control, Seismic Design, Retrofitting, Performance-Based Design, Rubber Bearings, Dynamic Response, Lateral Movement.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Water Flow Rate Monitoring System is a simple and cost-effective device designed to monitor and log water flow rates in real time. It uses a YF-S401 water flow sensor, a 555 Timer IC, a 4026 IC, and a 7-segment display to provide accurate readings of water consumption for various sectors such as industrial, agricultural, and domestic use. The YF-S401 sensor generates pulses proportional to the water flow rate, which are processed by the 555 Timer IC in monostable mode for clean signal output. The 4026 IC counts these pulses and directly drives the 7-segment display, showing the flow rate in an easy-to-read numeric format. Additional features, such as LEDs or relays, can be integrated to alert users of abnormal flow conditions. Its simplicity, scalability, and microprocessor-free design make it versatile for critical water flow monitoring applications.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Index Terms - Flow Rate Measurement, Real-Time Monitoring, Pulse Frequency, Signal Amplification, Calibration Constant

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

An experiment was conducted for 4-6 weeks in glass aquarium and tanks in the laboratory of the Forestry and Fisheries department to studies on comparative breeding technique 2 different ornamental fish species i.e. sword tail and sawdust molly .The study was started from the period of February to April 2023. Swordtail fish and saw dust was introduced in the ratio of 2:1 &2:3 respectively. The successful breeding of swordtail was observed in March 2023, where a total of 8 fries were found in the aquarium. After the fry were found they were put in a separate tank with only bubble diffuser, to allow them to breathe easily. Fry was provided with crushed feeds, so it is easy for them to intake in their mouth. The 1st mortality of pregnant fish was observed on April2023. A total of 38 undeveloped fry were found when it was dissected. Whereas breeding in sawdust molly was observed in April 2023, where a total of 14 fries were found in aquarium.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Molly fish, Swordtail, Breeding, Dissection, Fry, etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Polymers play a major role in the development of drug delivery technology by release of two types of drugs Like hydrophilic and hydrophobic.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Polymers, excipients,Biocompatible polymer,smart polymer, Implants

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition