Volume 11 | Issue 8

 Abstract

Nowadays message encryption techniques are the most necessary to impervious our message and information, encryption techniques are hastily multiplied presently through the growing utilization of internet and web communications. Sharing important data, personal messages from one character to another over an unsecured channel is made a way for attacking, or hacking the information. In order to eliminate this terminology and to provide efficient security, the cryptographic methods are performing the most important vital role. We have many kinds of symmetric encryption techniques like Caesar, Atbash, Playfair, Hill Ciphers, etc. In this paper we are implementing the new enciphering technique for message encryption and decryption using Pascal's triangles to provide more security and resist against stealing the information, it is a simple and easy symmetric encryption technique for both encryption and decryption.

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AN APPROACH TO MESSAGE ENCRYPTION AND DECRYPTION USING PASCAL'S TRAINGLE

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Polyherbal shampoo is a hair care product crafted from a blend of several herbal extracts and natural ingredients. Unlike conventional shampoos laden with synthetic compounds, polyherbal shampoos harness the power of multiple plant-based components to provide a comprehensive approach to hair health. Each herb contributes unique benefits, such as strengthening, nourishing the scalp, and enhancing shine.The need for polyherbal shampoos arises from a growing inclination towards holistic and natural hair care solutions. These shampoos cater to individuals seeking effective alternatives that prioritize both hair vitality and overall well-being. The varied herbs encompass vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, fostering hair growth, reducing dandruff, and preventing damage.They offer a harmonious blend of nature's goodness, catering to the rising demand for environmentally-conscious and sustainable options. By embracing the power of plants, polyherbal shampoos embody the fusion of tradition and modernity, meeting the diverse needs of individuals in pursuit of healthier, more vibrant hair. This Polyherbal shampoo contains Shikekai, Ritha, Aloe vera, Neem, and Liquorice etc.

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Polyherbal, Hair, Shikekai, Aloe-vera, Neem

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In recent times, there has been a notable surge in the adoption of single-phase transformer less grid-connected Photovoltaic (PV) systems. This trend can be attributed to their reduced physical dimensions and volume, which in turn contribute to an augmented operational efficiency. The present study focuses on the successful implementation of a single-phase, two-stage grid-connected PV system, both under Standard Test Conditions (STC) and during load variations. The initial stage of this system incorporates the utilization of DC-DC converters based on Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control. The MPPT algorithm employed encompasses the Perturb and Observe as well as the incremental conductance (INC) methods, which are harnessed to attain the utmost power output from the photovoltaic module. Moving to the subsequent stage, a DC-AC inverter is employed in conjunction with an LCL filter and a Phase Locked Loop (PLL). These components synergistically facilitate synchronization with the grid. An investigation has been conducted on a grid-connected solar power generation system of modest scale, boasting a maximum power output capacity of 2kW. The purpose of this analysis is to delve into the intricacies of its functioning. Through meticulous simulations, the outcomes substantiate the superior efficacy of the Incremental Conductance (INC) algorithm in terms of maximum power point tracking within the context of a grid-connected network, as compared to the traditional INC algorithm. Furthermore, the accomplishment of seamless grid current synchronization with grid voltage has been achieved, both during standard test conditions and varying load scenarios. These successful synchronization endeavours highlight the robustness of the system's design and its ability to adapt to different operational contexts. The cumulative findings collectively showcase the system's performance in a manner that is indeed satisfactory, instilling confidence in its capabilities and potential for practical application.

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Photovoltaic system (PV), Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), Perturb and Observe (P&O) Incremental Conductance (INC), Phase Locked Loop (PLL)

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Abstract: Assam came under British rule in India following the Treaty of Yandabu in 1826. The connection with the British and exposure to the English education system brought about an unprecedented change in the social and intellectual life of Assam, initiating a new era in Assamese literature known as the era of modern literature. The foundation for this era was laid in the mid-19th century, making it imperative to include the intellectual exercises and contributions of the 19th century when discussing the intellectual setting of 20th-century Assam. There is scope for discussing the factors behind the creation of the intellectual milieu in 20th-century Assam, which will facilitate a better understanding of the learning, literary pursuits, and overall literary environment of that time. A robust intellectual environment requires significant hard work and rigor. Thus, the journey of Assamese literature towards modernity becomes essential to reiterate, particularly how it revived from the brink of extinction to regain its original status. The research paper titled "The Intellectual Setting of 20th-Century Assam: A Spotlight" was chosen to examine the factors that influenced Assamese literature and contributed to its strong and unwavering standing.

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Assam, Assamese, 20th Century, Intellectual.

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A comprehensive study was carried out to get a better understanding of the efficacy and efficiency with which the Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) provides bus transit services to customers travelling from Shivamogga to Mangalore. These services must be provided by the KSRTC. This case study's objective was to assess a range of bus transportation system attributes, such as punctuality, passenger satisfaction, ticketing systems, and overall operational performance. By examining these factors, one may get insightful information that can be used to identify any potential growth areas and put policies in place that will enhance the overall bus-riding experience for passengers. The primary goal of this research was to assess how well the KSRTC complies with expectations for passenger service quality. Examining how travellers feel about their experience is the goal of this study. In the state of Karnataka, the government runs the Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC). Its goal is to gauge customer satisfaction and consistently improve the caliber of its offerings.

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KSRTC, Transport system, Passenger, Bus service

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The dream to take India on its journey from a developing nation to a developed nation lies in the heart of every Indian. However a major hurdles on this path is the health challenge faced by the country. Various diseases are creeping up at a fast pace and not sparing any age group in society. Hospitals, clinics and nursing homes are mushrooming in every nook and corner in the cities. The government machinery too has reached most of the rural areas with its vast network of PHCs, CHCs and District Hospitals. Yet there seems to be a demand for more with the rapidly increasing number of patient. Moreover hospitals are only concerned with the curative aspect of ailments. Although awareness has always been on the government agenda for tackling health issues for a long time, yet the information, consciousness and sensitivity towards the various issues of health is way off the mark among the masses. The paper tries to present the need for a shift in strategy from curing problems to preventing through proper awareness on a well defined pattern. It further tries to give a new and innovative solution to long term awareness through a proper, systematic and institutionalized method. It incorporates the use of technology in an institutional setup to work on a well defined pattern for each health issue. This in the long run will not only prove to be effective but also economical. Only then will we be able to spread genuine awareness on a range of issues in a shorter span of time and prevent many ailments and problems which can be avoided through proper information.

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Health, Awareness, Systematic, Institutional setup, Technology

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 Abstract

DELHI SALTANAT KE SMAY UTRAKHAND ME SIKSHA PR PRBHAV

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DELHI SALTANAT KE SMAY UTRAKHAND ME SIKSHA PR PRBHAV

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In recent years, with the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence technology, the emergence of intelligent digital video surveillance systems, real-time sports competition playback and other technologies have made the advantages of computer vision tasks based on deep learning more and more obvious. It has high flexibility and openness, which indicates the development direction of intelligent image processing. So here, a proposed model is represented for football pose detection using machine learning algorithm to identify and detect the posture of a football player. The system has two phases: first to extract the data points data from the image using the Media Pipe pose estimation library and the second phase is pre-processing the obtained data, training and testing the data using classification-based machine learning algorithms. The proposed system works on 3 football player postures. And a GUI-based desktop application using the Tkinter library is developed. The input is pre-processed in the form of a live video, the object is detected, and the core of the human body is identified using the Media Pipe and OpenCV library. For training and testing data, the stored data which is trained from live video of various postures is used. The logistic regression models for training and testing is used. The system gets an accuracy score of 90%. This developed model is useful in fields like learning players posture and the probability of goal , for training the players by studying the opponents team player's posture , coaches can use to improve their player's performance by observing and training them through their posture

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media pipe , open CV , logistic regression

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Overconfidence biases exert a significant influence on portfolio decisions, often leading investors to make suboptimal choices driven by inflated self-assessment. This study delves into the intricate interplay of cognitive and emotional mechanisms that underlie overconfidence biases and their effects on investment portfolios. Theoretical foundations are rooted in behavioral finance literature, including studies by Barber and Odean, De Bondt and Thaler, and Gervais and Odean. These biases manifest through mechanisms such as illusion of knowledge, self-perception, emotional attachment, and illusion of control, impacting decisions ranging from asset allocation to market timing. The consequences of overconfidence biases encompass excessive trading, suboptimal asset allocation, impulsive decisions, market timing errors, underestimation of risks, and loss aversion. To mitigate these effects, strategies such as diversification, passive investing, long-term planning, behavioral coaching, scenario analysis, and education have been proposed. Incorporating these strategies into investment practices can aid investors in countering the influence of overconfidence biases, making more informed and rational portfolio decisions that align with long-term financial goals.

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overconfidence biases, portfolio decisions, cognitive mechanisms, emotional mechanisms, illusion of knowledge, self-perception, emotional attachment, illusion of control, mitigation strategies.

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The demographic pattern of Assam is varied and diverse which is a residence of different ethnic groups with their distinctive cultures and identity. The ethnic groups of Assam comprised Mising, Bodo, Karbi, Rabha, Tiwa, Dimasas, Kachari, Sonowal, and so on. It could be considered that in the post-colonial period, the nation-building process in India shows state-designed policies of homogenization and integration of different ethnic groups within the fold of a dominant language, culture or umbrella type of identity. This opened up dissatisfaction among many ethnic communities leading to the beginning of movement for their cultural revivalism and establishment of identities. One such significant initiative is the movement of the Mising Community to establish socio-cultural and political identity. The socio-economic conditions of the Mising tribe were worse as compared to other communities. They gradually started to lose their original identity and were deprived of their basic needs. Eventually, some educated youth emerged and organized themselves creating an organization and also trying to create identity consciousness among the Mising Community. Particularly, during the time of the 1960s and 1970s, Mising tribal leaders had started agitation for the autonomous administration; it however has a long historical background. Along with the giving Bodo Tribe an autonomous institution and moreover there are many socio-economic, and political factors that contributed augmentation of the movement. After a long struggle, an Autonomous Council to rule the areas dominated by the community was created. It however now appears that the Council has failed to fulfill the expectations of the Mising people and demand for the constitutional safeguard under the Sixth Schedule. This paper will tend to analyze the movement and creation of the Mising Autonomous Council.

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Mising Tribe, Ethnic Movement, Sixth Schedule, Autonomous Movement.

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Waste management entails preventing trash, reusing waste, recycling, sorting recyclables from non-recyclables, and using waste as a fuel source. It also entails creating waste disposal systems and procedures, eradicating illegal dumps, and promoting waste management. The procedures involved in collecting, transferring, sorting, recycling, disposing, tracking, and monitoring trash are referred to as "waste management." The hardest part of recycling is gathering waste for recycling, or sorting waste, because it requires physical labour at numerous points, which raises the price of recycling. One of India's most urgent development challenges is solid waste management (SWM). Numerous studies have demonstrated that due to microbial decomposition, environmental conditions, refuse characteristics, and land-filling practices, inappropriate waste disposal results in the production of toxic gases and leachates. The majority of ULBs, however, struggle with a lack of adequate infrastructure as well as a number of institutional and strategic issues, such as insufficient institutional competency, constrained finance, and a lack of political will. Almost all Indian ULBs endure financial volatility, even though many of them do receive government funding. Every landfill site in India is already occupied, and the appropriate ULBs lack the funds to purchase more land. Since local authorities are unwilling to reserve property inside their borders for waste from neighbouring regions, finding additional dump sites is also difficult. To address these concerns, the Ministries of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) and Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) have created joint policies and programmes. The bulk of projects have, however, fallen short of their objectives due to stakeholder confusion, a lack of knowledge, and inadequate regulator enforcement. Each person generates 450 grams of waste each day, and this amount has been increasing at a rate of 1.3 percent every year. In 84,456 wards as of January 2020, waste production ranged from 32 MT to 22,080 MT daily. Sikkim generates the least (89 MT per day), while Maharashtra produces 22,080 MT per day (from 7,322 wards) (from 53 wards). Delhi produces the most garbage of any Union Territory, at 10,500 MT each day (UTs). In India, Daman & Diu have the lowest per-capita waste production. Solid waste processing, treatment, and disposal-composting, bio-methanation, recycling, refuse-derived fuel, incineration, pyrolysis, waste-to-wealth, and waste-to-energy are a few of the processing methods now used in India. This paper discusses recycling waste management in India.

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Solid Waste, Waste Management, Recycling

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Green revolution gave us immediate food security in a short period of time but it had many harmful ecological consequences. Green revolution pushed geneticaly modified seeds into the market, as a result farmers shifted their focus away from the traditional farming and adopted chemical farming for greater yields. Gandhian principle of Sarvodya can lead us to sustainable agriculture, which nourishes our soil, empowers our peasants and will make the society healthy. Organic farming, self help groups, empowering the village panchayats and preservation of indigenous seeds and animal breeds can help us to stride on the path of sarvodya.

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Sarvodya, Green Revolution, Sustainability, Agriculture, Indigenous.

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The need for secure communication and data protection has become increasingly important in the digital age. As the use of digital technologies continues to grow, the need for secure communication and data protection also increases. Anomaly detection is a crucial aspect of data analytics that can identify suspicious behavior and detect malicious activities. This is particularly crucial in the cloud computing environment, where data is stored on multiple servers and accessed remotely by various users. The Local Pollination Grey Wolf Optimizer (LPGWO) is a global optimization algorithm that has been utilized in various applications. It is based on the concept of "cognitively guided exploration," which is a form of local search that utilizes an individual's experiences to direct the exploration. It has been successfully used to solve optimization problems in various fields, such as image processing, communication networks, and cryptography. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using various parameters, including the number of iterations, time complexity, and success rate. The performance of the proposed algorithm is then compared to existing RSA algorithms to determine its superiority. This paper presents a Local Pollination Grey Wolf Optimizer (LPGWO)-based RSA algorithm for anomaly detection in heterogeneous cloud data using machine learning techniques.

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LPGWO, Grey Wolf Optimizer, RSA algorithm, Cloud computing, Machine learning, Anomaly Detection.

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 Abstract

Drushyakavyakke naatyashasrada koduge

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Drushyakavyakke naatyashasrada koduge

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In 2019, the University Grants Commission (UGC) introduced the Quality Mandate initiative, which led to the development of guidelines on "Mulya Pravah - Inculcation of Human Values and Professional Ethics in Higher Educational Institutions." The fundamental objective of these guidelines was to foster the holistic development of students by integrating essential ethical principles and human values into the academic curriculum. However, despite the laudable intentions behind these guidelines, the effective implementation of value education programs has encountered challenges, notably the lack of familiarity among educators and a dearth of concerted efforts by universities to execute these transformative initiatives. This study aims at the teacher educators' perceptions regarding the efficacy of the 'Mulyapravah'. Survey and focusgroup discussions revealed that teachers have positive reception of UGC guidelines on value education. The results emphasis on strategies that promote student engagement, such as teaching that incorporates core values and activities centered around students, highlights the changing pedagogical trends in higher education. The study suggests a sample curriculum for undergraduate students that enriches their value acquisition through creative practicums.

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Value education, Mulyapravah, Indicative curriculum, value implementation

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With rapid industrialization and urbanization there is a tremendous demand for energy. There are today greater differences than ever before among the communities of man in their access to energy in their material standard of living and in their potential for survival. The lifestyles that have evolved in recent times are energy intensive in character. The resources for coal, oil, natural gas, petroleum, hydro power and nuclear power are very finite and get depleted at a very faster rate as these are exploited and explored to meet the demand of energy. The burning of fossil fuel has created air pollution and it leads to ecological imbalances. Industrial pollution leads to global warming and sea level rise. Keeping in view the above facts there is great need for energy conservation. Energy conservation means the most efficient use of energy or to minimize the utilization of energy. In order to tackle energy crisis renewable energy sources are the alternate sources of energy. Industrial sector is the foremost sector of an economy. The progress and economic development of any nation depends on industrial growth. Besides raw material and man power, energy plays a dominant role in industries. Cement industry is one of the major energy consuming industries and the optimum use of energy is at present important for our national economy. The energy cost is the highest component of cost structure of cement manufacture. Energy cost in Indian cement industry account for over 40 to 50 percent of the manufacturing cost of the cement. Out of this the share of thermal energy alone in the form of fuel is about 30 to 35 percent while the remaining 15 to 20 percent accounts for mainly electrical energy. The major sources of energy to Indian Cement Industry are coal and electrical power. In cement industry Electrical energy is used for many operations like Crushing,Grinding,Rolling etc., The present paper deals with the methods and technologies that can be adopted in cement process plants to optimize Electrical energy consumption to conserve energy.

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Cement industry, Energy conservation, Electrical Energy, Optimization

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Maternal health care and its related statistics are not yet satisfactory in India contributing 25% of the total maternal mortality rate in the world. Only half of the women population in the developing nation receives the World Health Organization's (WHO) prescribed antenatal check-ups. Various factors such as autonomy of women, education, occupation and the level of awareness are responsible in conceptualizing the attitude towards seeking prenatal health care. The objective of this study is identification of women education and its relation to the level of health seeking behaviour. It also tries to examine the occupation of the women whether it creates awareness or grants them freedom of making decisions of their life. Methodologically, it is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. The study area of the research is New Chandrawal village located near Jawahar Nagar, New Delhi. Semi-structured interview schedules were used along with in-depth case studies. All the respondents (15) were pregnant and aged between 19-34 years. Education, occupation and attitude and extent of usage of prenatal care were recorded. Information was also captured from the medical service providers which included the doctors and the Anganwadi workers and ANM's/ASHAs to understand the doctor-patient relationship. Major percentage of the population in the village lives below poverty line (BPL) and are not the native of Delhi. Education level is low and so is the awareness level. Regular visits to their native villages make it difficult for the service providers to keep a track on the high-risk pregnant women patients. The education level of women is directly proportional to the attitude of seeking prenatal health care. Since all the respondents were housewives; so, the relation between occupation and health care seeking behaviour could not be established. Various governmental policies have been activated in the area but still the traditional beliefs of childbirth persist making the maternal mortality ratio into a large figure. There is a need to understand the gap between what's been given and what is being received.

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Prenatal Care, Trimester, Doctor-patient relationship, Education, Occupation

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Children are major consumers of health care. Early child care is a very important and often overlooked component of child development. Child care providers are our children's first teachers, and therefore play an integral role in our systems of early childhood education. Quality care from a young age can have a huge impact on the future successes of children. Children always need special care to survive & thrive. Good health of previous members of society should be ensured as prime importance in all countries. As said by Karl Menninger "what is done to children, they will do to the society" children are wealth of tomorrows. Children express their needs and stories differently than do adults. Children do not yet have the vocabulary to express themselves as adults do. Historically, children have been considered "miniature adults". A child's act of play was even once considered "child's work" in attempt to legitimize a value that adults place on what a child does. Children are better able to express emotions through objects and through symbolic play; this idea is the basis of play therapy. One of the main reasons why play therapy works with children is because it feels natural to them; play is not something they need to learn how to do. Play promotes healing and helps the child to cope with stressful experiences. Children Won fear treatments are helped to release their feelings in their use of falls and other toys. The attitudes and feelings that children reveal in their play are full of meaning. Every opportunity should be afforded the hospitalized child to use play and other expensive activities to lessen stress, thus promoting healthy resolution of the negative aspects of the hospital experiences.

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Assess, Anxiety, Effectiveness, Preschool children

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rapid advancement of autonomous vehicle technology necessitates robust and efficient systems for traffic sign recognition. In this project, we introduce a novel approach that leverages advanced deep learning techniques to enhance the accuracy and real-time performance of traffic sign detection in autonomous vehicles.Our method combines state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with innovative data augmentation and transfer learning strategies. We have meticulously curated and annotated a comprehensive dataset encompassing a wide range of real-world traffic sign scenarios. Through extensive experimentation and fine-tuning, our model exhibits remarkable generalization and adaptability, even in challenging lighting and weather conditions.The key contributions of this research lie in the development of a highly efficient deep learning model specifically tailored for traffic sign recognition, as well as the creation of a benchmark dataset for evaluation. Our approach not only surpasses existing benchmarks in terms of accuracy but also demonstrates impressive real-time performance, making it a promising solution for safe and reliable autonomous driving.Furthermore, we discuss the potential applications of our model beyond autonomous vehicles, including intelligent transportation systems and traffic management. Our work represents a significant step forward in the pursuit of safer and more dependable autonomous driving technology.

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Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Traffic Sign Recognition, Autonomous Vehicles, Computer Vision, Object Detection.

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Sustainability Accounting is an emerging issue in Indian Accounting Segment. It represents the activities that have a direct impact on society, economic and environmental performance of an organisation. Sustainability accounting commonly called triple bottom line accounting which is accountable to generate wealth creation of an organisation. Sustainable Accounting is one of the important instruments by which, stakeholder pressure, responsible actions by organisations can be enforced. For this reason, it is necessary to develop better sustainable accounting practices. The researcher has presented this topic of research which is to construct a conceptual framework of sustainable accounting, assess the inter-relation between social, economic and environmental impact and to evaluate the sustainable accounting practices followed by Paradeep Phosphates Limited (PPL-Odisha) in particular. The proposed study develops a conceptual framework and parameters to be followed to identify gaps in sustainability accounting practices of corporate sectors. Sustainability accounting gives a better picture of corporate sustainability for the stakeholders.

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Sustainable Accounting, Social Indicators, Economic Indicators, Environmental Indicators, PPL Performance

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