Volume 5 | Issue 4

 Abstract

Lightweight encryption is an interesting field that strikes the perfect balance in providing security, low-power consumption, and compactness. In this paper, we present the design of a lightweight encryption based on the grouping permutation(GRP).In the s-box we have added the confusion property for GRP.The existing S boxes with DESXL, CLEFIA, and AES algorithms are compared and a new lightweight encryption system is proposed in this paper that provides compact results which reduces gates and memory size.GRP not only adds strength to the cipher it also reduces the power consumption and memory requirements. By using the S box of PRESENT the gate complexity is reduced.A lightweight S box that can be mapped into the GRP to have efficient cryptographic structure and to strengthen the security.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Lightweight cryptography, PRESENT, GRP,embedded security, encryption, bit permutation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Soil is a dynamic complex of minerals and organic matter supporting plants or having capacity to support plant growth. Soil formation is slow process and it is result of interaction of parent material, climate, biotic, slope and time factors. Soil is the most significant resource and provides base for life on earth. Soil erosion, on the other hand, is a very fast process. Soil erosion results into depletion and degradation of fertile productive base. Soil conservation and management is required to achieve the goal of sustainable development. The objectives of the present paper are: (i) to identify and describe the causes of soil erosion in India; (ii) to highlight the extent of soil erosion in India (iii) to mention the consequences of soil erosion; and (iv) to describe the measures to tackle the problem of soil erosion in India.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Erosion, Ravines, Depletion, Extent, Conservation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper provide an idea about the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and also to have some knowledge about its application in determining the speed control of a DC motor. In order to provide the speed control of DC motor ANN interpolate no load speed data of a shunt motor at different field current and applied armature voltage in a training data set. The network is trained with C program and MATLAB program. The network predicts the speed corresponding to different sets of field current and armature voltages. In addition to it the network also predict whether the speed is above rated speed

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Neural Network, Single layer perceptron, Multi layer perceptron

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Kashmir witnessed a great change in the field of culture and social life during the 14th century. It was the time when Muslim rule firmly established its roots in the green Valley and King Zain-ul-Abidin became the harbinger of new thoughts and ideas. Kashmir had the good fortune of having an equally great tolerant and the noblest ruler that Kashmir has ever known. He did much to heal the wounds inflicted on the non-Muslims of the Valley in the time of his predecessor. He did not brook any inequality in administration and abolished all discriminatory laws of his predecessors. Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin was imbued with high ideals of justice. He believed very firmly that justice is the edifice over which the structure of an efficient administration could be laid. Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin took great interest in the developmental programmes almost in all respects in Kashmir. No other Kashmiri Sultan did so much to promote the welfare of his subjects as Zain-ul-Abidin. He undertook tours to different parts of the country to find out the condition of the people, and how his officers were carrying on the administration. With the same object in view it was his practice. The paper is to describe the all-round development of Kashmir laid down by Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin during his period.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Edifice, lodging, Transitoriness, reign, gratitude, reverence.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sustainability has become a necessity in the building industry. In recent years, as the general public is more informed and aware of sustainability related issues, they are becoming major players in the decision making process regarding their built environment. India is a country where infrastructure is the main hurdle for the growth of Indian businesses. In today’s scenario, buildings which are present already are contributing 45 % of worldwide energy use. Our demand on natural and finite resources such as energy, water and building materials can be reduced, and our contribution to environmental quality can also be enhanced by incorporating green building principle into the design, construction and renovation. The aim of a green building design is to minimize the demand on non-renewable resources, maximize the utilization efficiency of these resources, when in use, and maximize the reuse, recycling, and utilization of renewable resources.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Green Building, Sustainable Development, Renewable Resource

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Several countries at various levels of socio-economic development have recognised the need and importance of taking measures to improve the performance of their construction industry. One of the means to this end has been to ensure performance efficiency in construction project execution. As has been widely acknowledged, this requires a deliberate process of continuously monitoring the performance of projects based on relevant indicators. To this end, several models have been proposed in literature assess projects under the broad headings of critical success factors and key performance indicators. This paper presents a study in construction industry to improve the performance of construction. The main objective of this study is to review existing performance measurement framework being used in the construction industries and public authorities of the developed countries including the performance measurement process, project stages. The purpose of this study is to identify performance criteria which are relevant to Indian construction and propose a method of scoring the performance indicators for the total building performance. Furthermore, the study also proposes some recommendations for performance assessment in construction industry.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Performance Assessment, Performance Management, Quality Management

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

On November 8, 2016, RBI (Reserve Bank of India) withdrew currency notes of Indian Rupees 500 and 1000, rendering them invalid legal tender from midnight November 9, 2016. The event resonates as second 9/11 as it brought down economic activities of many sectors in India, especially the cash sectors. Real Estate was the highest impacted sector. Real estate project developers, land traders and investors, all require high amount of working capital to stay, invested in the real estate markets. The move has been seen as a bold fiscal reform by many analysts, and succeeded partially to bring back the unaccounted money back into the banking systems However, demonetisation did set the equation straight with all bankers who had extended soft loans to real estate developers though 80:20 financing Schemes. Unaccounted NPAs (Non performing assets) of the banks went down considerably while Real estate developers who had delayed their real estate project projects were left further cash stripped. A close inquiry into the Ahmedabad city market shows a clearer picture on how the real estate activity will shape up in coming years as new developments are likely to intensify in the urban city core and put brakes on urban sprawl.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Real Estate; investors; developers; demonetisation; impact

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The tanks are an important source of water for people's livelihood development from continuous drought period and protect them. For present investigation the kurinjipadi block (Cuddalore district) has taken for the research. The Analysis is a micro-level field action based on three ayacut villages. It examines the current status of rural tanks and discusses traditional people's participation (Kudimaramathu) in the issues of restoration of rural tanks. This research cites the necessity of restoration of rural tanks and the need and benefit from it. The study concluded that restoring the rural tanks will benefit to small and marginal farmers for better production of agriculture also people's participation in maintaining rural tanks is essential need for tank restoration activities.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Kudimaramathu, Rural, Restoration, Tanks, People Participation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

IMAGE FORGERY DETECTION BY USING MULTIPLE APPROACHES

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Spectrum scarcity is an major issue in latest wireless technologies used now a days. Literature shows 70% of spectrum is either underutilized or not utilized at all. The main process in determination of spectrum scarcity starts with Spectrum sensing in cognitive radio. Sensing through one Secondary Users (SU) node faces various issues (like hidden node, shadowing problem etc) which occurs due to channel impediments, or obstacles like buildings etc to overcome such problems cooperation based spectrum sensing is brought into existence. Although collaboration between multiple SU’s improves the sensing performance, but cooperation between nodes is itself an challenging issue. Concept of Look up Table (LUT) is widely as well as efficiently used in this paper to improve the efficiency of the system while doing cooperative sensing. Lookup Table will hold the status of the spectrum which is updated every time by multi node/Cooperative sensing process which makes sensing reliable, fast and robust. In this paper we are introducing an LUT based cooperative sensing method to improve transmission time and hence improve throughput of Cognitive radios system. We have achieved Probability of detection (PD) significantly improved by 8%, Probability of False alarm(Pfa) significantly decreased by 18% and achievable normalized throughput improved by 5% along with significant improvement in end to end delay with respect to traditional sensing method.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cognitive Radio Cognitive Networks (CRCN), Look up table (LUT), channel assignment, Cooperative sensing, overlay access Spectrum Sensing (SS).

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper attempts to examine the relationship between health and economic growth in India over the years 1961 - 2015. Economic growth is measured using Gross National Income (GNI) per capita and health status is measured using Life Expectancy Rate, Infant Mortality Rate, Under-five Mortality Rate and Total Fertility Rate. The above relationships are measured using a multivariate framework controlling for other background variables. Thus, I have modeled the macroeconomic impact of health. A theoretical framework has been developed to model this linkage between health and economic growth in India and this is further tested using a regression model which tests the causality between these variables of interest. I have found that if OLS (Ordinary Least Square) is used then there is no significant relationship between health status and economic growth, but using 2SLS (Two Stage Least Squares) the study finds highly significant effect of health indicators on economic growth in India.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Health, Economic Growth, Population Growth, OLS, 2SLS

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper presents on different online character recognition systems for telugu language. Based on the existing research literature, recognition accuracies of different character recognition systems have been studied in languages like Devanagari, Tamil and Assamese on numerical datasets. The databases used are HP Tablet PC and UNIPEN, which confines with particular datasets. Based on the classifiers and features, the recognition accuracies will be depends.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

discrete Fourier transform (DFT), discrete cosine transform (DCT), wavelet transform, Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) and Support Vector Machine (SVM).

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: The accuracy of the FPM will be assessed by exploring the interesting associations between gene variables. Exploration of genetic structures like DNA sequence, RNA sequence and protein sequences from gene variables will improve the medical diagnosis process. To do this correlated sequence patterns are considered as very constructive for analyzing these data sets. Correlated sequence pattern mining has become increasingly important recently as an alternative or an augmentation of association rule mining. Though correlated pattern mining discloses the correlation relationships among data objects and reduces significantly the number of patterns produced by the association mining, it still generates quite a large number of patterns. In this paper, a novel approach for DFP-Miner for finding correlated sequence pattern from Biological Datasets is examined to reduce the number of correlated patterns produced without information loss. DFP-Miner effectively discovers confidence closed correlated frequent determinant patterns which are further explored to generate correlated sequence patterns with vector intersection operation. In this approach, a new integrated data structure used which is a combination of one-dimensional array pair set and a virtual data matrix to discover determinate frequent patterns from biological datasets and is called hyperstructure(H-struct). Hyper structure has a variety of feature to facilitate and rapidly keeps running in memory-based limitations which are that it has amazingly constrained and precisely unsurprising primary memory. The newly composed algorithm DFP-Miner and it takes just a single scan over the database to find a large pattern by iteratively specifying H-struct framework. The obvious investigation on DFP-Miner demonstrates and attains better mining efficiency with a superior mining algorithm CARPENTER on different biological datasets on various settings. The execution of DFP-Miner is evaluated with Frequency and Accuracy measures.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hyperstructure, Biological Datasets, Carpenter, Gene Association Analysis, Determinate Frequent Pattern Mining

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The OFDM is widely used in many communication systems to improve data rate and reduce the bandwidth. The main purpose is to transmit the OFDM signal with low bit errors in noisy environments. The cyclic prefix works as a buffer area that stores the delayed information of the previous symbols. Different modulation methods, w.r.t bit error rate and SNR ratio are analyzed using MATLAB. In the OFDM system, various modulation techniques are used to analyze the system performance which are BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM. The goal of our project is to improve system performance with a low bit error rate. Finally, bit error rate of these methods is analyzed by comparing BER and SNR plots.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

OFDM, BER, SNR, FFT, IFFT, AWGN channel, BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 8PSK, Rayleigh fading

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This Research paper gives brief information on how the source program gets evaluated and from which sections source code has to pass and parse in order to generate target code or predicted output. In addition to that, this paper also explains the concept of Pre-processors, Translators, Linkers and Loaders and procedure to generate target code. This paper concentrates on Concept of Compiler and Phases of Compiler.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Macro, Token, Lexemes, Identifier, Operators, Operands, Sentinel, Prefix, Postfix, Quadruple, Triple, Indirect Triple, Subroutine

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Marketers have always been looking for alternative ways to reach the target population with their messages. One approach that has grown the last decades is product placement that has become a large arena for companies to involve in their marketing communication. It has been shown that people tend to dislike traditional advertisement such as commercial brakes in TV and tries to avoid it by switching channel. Since product placement is a type of advertisement that is embedded in a movie or TV-show and cannot be zapped away without missing the story of the movie or TV-show, it is a good opportunity to reach out with acompany’s message.T he purpose of this study is to investigate what attitudes the audience has towards product placements in Movies and TV-shows which will lead to a greater knowledge for marketing managers about the attitudes towards product placement . The research paper is an attempt of exploratory research, based on mainly secondary data collected from various sources, such as reference books, magazines, journal, and research papers & websites which are sited at the appropriate places related to above

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

product placement, brand , consumer behaviour

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In marketing texts number of approaches has drawn in to practice. In marketing time line dynamic approaches are in frame to execute for better results. Transcendental marketing is one of the result oriented value based inside-out approach, which is in nascent stage in marketing with the potential of attracting and keeping customers. This article given light on the concept of transcendental marketing infuse with brand relation in an attempt to develop theory around the concept, it is depicted with empirical examples and propositions are developed regarding antecedents, contents, and outcomes of transcendental marketing.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Transcendental marketing, Value Inside-out, Brand Relation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Infiltration, Infiltration rate, Infiltration models, ERFC, Ozat Watershed

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract:The main objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of e-Content for learning Integral Calculus at higher secondary level. Experimental method of research was used for this study. The sample of the study was 64 students. e-Content package for learning Integral Calculus was developed and standardized for higher secondary students studying XII standard in Government Higher Secondary Schools. Criterion Referenced Test (CRT) on Integral Calculus was constructed and validated for pre, post and retention test. In this study, t- test was employed to analyse the data. Findings of this study revealed that the developed e-Content is an effective tool for learning Integral Calculus. Further, it is proved that there is retention capability in learning Integral Calculus using e-Content method. So, the e-Content on learning Integral Calculus is a highly effective tool for higher secondary level students.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

e-Content, integral calculus

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Different techniques for designing CMOS integrated amplifier for porable electrocardiogram (ECG) device is presented in this paper. It covers three design techniques namely Instrumentation Amplifier (IA), two stage op-amp, and tristage amplifier. After discussing the design techniques, they are compared for parameters like gain, CMRR, technology used, phase margin, unity gain bandwidth (UGB), phase margin, and power dissipation. The best utilizable topology for the ECG device is concluded in this work

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ECG, CMMR, UGB

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition