Volume 14 | Issue 3

 Abstract

E-commerce, or electronic commerce, has completely changed how consumers and businesses buy goods and services. It lowers geographical boundaries and increases efficiency by enabling businesses to conduct business electronically over the internet. To make purchasing and selling easier, e-commerce incorporates technology including digital communication, online payment systems, and electronic data exchange. The idea of e-commerce is covered in this article, along with its uses, models, benefits, and place in contemporary corporate settings.

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E-commerce, Online business, Electronic transactions, Digital marketplace, Internet commerce, Consumer satisfaction

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The convergence of India's National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and Skill India 2.0 presents unprecedented opportunities for workforce development and cultural preservation in Northeast India. This research examines how these policy frameworks can address Industry 4.0 demands while revitalizing indigenous cultural skills. Through analysis of policy documents and ethno- mathematical approaches, this study explores integrating traditional craftsmanship with modern technological competencies. Findings suggest Northeast India's cultural heritage can be strate- gically positioned as both an economic asset and pedagogical resource in STEM education. The study proposes a framework harmonizing traditional skill development with Industry 4.0 requirements, emphasizing ethnomodelling and culturally responsive pedagogy.

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National Education Policy 2020, Skill India 2.0, Industry 4.0, Northeast India, cul- tural skill revitalization, ethnomathematics

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The Emotion-Aware Intelligent Music Recommendation Using Facial and Text Sentiment Analysis will focus on creating a personalized and intelligent music recommendation system that will be responsive to the current emotional condition of the user. The system recognizes emotions with the help of a facial expression recognition and text/emoji-based sentiment analysis. Facial emotion recognition is done through deep learning methods like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), whereas text and emoji messages are analyzed using Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods. A multimodal fusion system is a system that involves the integration of emotional products to decide on the prevailing emotional state. Depending on this identified emotion, a system will provide appropriate music genres or playlists based on a music database or streaming API. This will provide increased personalization, user engagement, and mental health due to the provision of emotionally adaptive music experiences.

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Multimodal Emotion Recognition, Music Recommendation, Deep Learning, CNN, NLP, Emotion Fusion, Personalization

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Diwali fireworks; PM??; Organic carbon (OC); Elemental carbon (EC); Black carbon (BC); Carbonaceous aerosols.

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Surrealism has been talked about as the disruption of visual, the dream images, fragmented landscapes, the symbolic waste. In A Passage to India and Kafka on the Shore, however, surrealism is not first of all manifested spectacularly. It arrives through sound. In this dissertation, it is proposed that E. M. Forster as well as Haruki Murakami employ the experience of sound, echo, music, voice and silence to subvert the rational meaning and challenge the narrative logic in terms of dream formations instead of causality. In A Passage to India, the collapse of meaning is what is brought about by the Marabar Caves. Recalling the echo, it is completely undistinguished, depriving language, morality, and hierarchy into one vibration, which colonial rationality fails to hold. In Kafka on the Shore, on the contrary, music does not annihilate meaning but suspend it. The song of Miss Saeki is a relic of emotional reality that cannot be understood cogently, but remains as an unchanging piece of time, a frozen fragment (Murakami). In putting these novels into comparative discourse, the paper hypothesises that surrealism is a sensory and epistemological state that occurs when the systems were set up like imperial law, identity and memory as the basis of stabilising experience. It is through sound that this failure is not explicated but is suffered. Instead of considering surrealism as a purely European avant-garde, this dissertation disperses it as a transhistorical mode, based on listening, in which sense collapses or its meaning falls outside the salvage operation.

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Surrealism, fragmented landscapes, European avant-garde, epistemological crisis.

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The rapid adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the banking sector has transformed traditional credit risk assessment models and reshaped financial risk management practices. This study examines the role of AI-driven credit risk assessment in enhancing banking stability. Traditional credit evaluation methods, largely based on statistical models, often face limitations in predictive accuracy and adaptability to dynamic financial environments. AI techniques such as machine learning and neural networks offer improved accuracy, real-time risk evaluation, and the ability to process large volumes of structured and unstructured data. Using secondary data from commercial banks and regulatory reports published by the Reserve Bank of India, this study analyzes the relationship between AI adoption in credit scoring, non-performing asset (NPA) ratios, and overall banking stability indicators such as capital adequacy and Z-score measures. The findings are expected to demonstrate that AI-based credit risk models significantly enhance predictive performance and contribute to financial resilience by reducing default rates. The study provides managerial and policy implications for banks and regulators regarding responsible AI implementation while highlighting associated risks such as model bias and governance challenges.

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Artificial Intelligence, Credit Risk Assessment, Banking Stability, Non-Performing Assets, Machine Learning, Financial Risk Management.

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Introduction: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder characterized by recurrent, unilateral, severe facial pain, often triggered by trauma, surgical interventions, or idiopathic causes. In Ayurveda, TN may be correlated with Anantavata under Vataja Shiroroga. This case study highlights the integrative approach of Ayurvedic and modern medicine in TN management. Aim:- To evaluate the effectiveness of integrative management in case of trigeminal neuralgia. Objective: To assess efficacy of combined Ayurvedic panchakarma therapies and modern therapies on pain relief ,functional improvement and quality of life in trigeminal neuralgia. Methods and Materials: A 32-year-old male patient had complaints of severe left temporal and buccal pain since 2 years with history of septoplasty and FESS. Ayurvedic treatment included oral medications, Panchakarma therapies like shamana Nasya and Karna purana. Modern supportive therapy included neurotropic injections and neuroprotective supplements. Results: After 3 weeks of integrative treatment, the patient reported reduction in pain frequency and severity, with improved sleep and daily activities. At 2 months follow-up, the patient demonstrated sustained relief without recurrence. Discussion: Trauma and prior ENT surgeries may have triggered trigeminal nerve irritation, leading to chronic neuralgia. Ayurvedic interventions, particularly Nasya and Jalauka Avacharana, provided significant symptomatic relief. The integrative use of Ayurveda with neurotropic therapy enhanced recovery and improved quality of life. Conclusion: Integrative management of trigeminal neuralgia proved effective in this case, demonstrating pain relief and functional improvement. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these results on a larger scale.

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Trigeminal neuralgia, Anantavata ,Jalauka Avacharana, karna puran

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Green entrepreneurship has emerged as a significant driver of sustainable economic development in India. With increasing environmental concerns, climate change risks, and the need for sustainable resource utilisation, entrepreneurs are integrating ecological principles into business models. Green entrepreneurship refers to business initiatives that focus on environmental sustainability while generating economic value and social impact. This conceptual study examines the opportunities and challenges of green entrepreneurship in India. The paper discusses policy support, renewable energy expansion, sustainable consumption trends, technological innovation, and ESG investment as growth drivers. It also highlights barriers such as financial constraints, regulatory complexity, lack of awareness, and market uncertainty. The study proposes a conceptual framework linking green entrepreneurial orientation with sustainable performance outcomes. The paper contributes by offering a structured understanding of the Indian green business ecosystem and providing directions for policymakers and researchers.

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Green Entrepreneurship, Sustainable Development, ESG, Renewable Energy, Sustainable Business, India

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Pulp capping, Dental students, Material preference, Calcium hydroxide, Mineral trioxide aggregate, Knowledge assessment

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This paper examines India's defence diplomacy with Central Asian countries, focusing on their evolution and strategic significance. Central Asian Countries situated at the heart of Eurasia and often been the subject of power struggles among global powers due to their Geo-strategic location as it links the Asia with Europe. Apart from this, Central Asian region is also important because of its instability due to terrorism, drug traficking and extremism. Over the past decade, India has expanded its military engagement with countries such as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan through regular joint exercises, military training programmes to focus upon counterterrorism, extremism. These exercises and programmes reflects defence cooperation between India and the Central Asian republics, particularly in the context of regional instability in Afghanistan and the evolving geopolitical dynamics of Eurasia. This study traces the development of defence diplomacy of India and Central Asia from their initial stages to current time, highlighting their objectives and diplomatic implications. Central Asian States situated at middle of Eurasia and don't hold direct geographical linkages with India, so limited in scalecompared of engagements India has with major powers, these military exercises, high level visits of defence cooperation etc serve as an important tool for security cooperation and defence diplomacy. This paper argues that India's defence diplomacy in Central Asia, though limited in scope, represent a strategically significant important tool to strengthen security ties, enhance regional stability, and reflect India's growing engagement in the Central Asian Republics.

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Defence Diplomacy, India, Central Asia, Security Cooperation, Counter-Terrorism Cooperation, Multi-Vector Foreign Policy

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The retail industry has experienced substantial transformation in recent years, largely driven by technological advancements and evolving consumer behavior. As digital technologies reshape how consumers interact with brands, omnichannel marketing has emerged as a key strategic approach aimed at delivering a seamless and integrated customer experience across both online and offline channels. By coordinating multiple touchpoints--such as social media platforms, mobile applications, physical stores, and interactive websites--retailers are able to engage customers in a more holistic and personalized manner. Existing research indicates that effective omnichannel marketing enhances customer satisfaction, loyalty, and retention, ultimately contributing to increased sales and revenue growth. However, successful implementation requires a comprehensive understanding of customer preferences and behavior, as well as the capability to integrate data, technologies, and organizational processes across channels. Retailers that effectively adopt omnichannel strategies can achieve a significant competitive advantage, whereas those that fail to adapt may struggle to remain relevant in an increasingly dynamic marketplace. As the retail landscape continues to evolve, the strategic importance of omnichannel marketing is expected to grow further. The findings indicate that the retail sector has grown significantly in the past three years, encouraging many major organizations to implement omnichannel strategies in order to remain competitive. Unlike multi-channel and cross-channel approaches, omnichannel retailing combines digital and physical channels to create a cohesive and seamless customer journey. By adopting a customer-focused approach that prioritizes integration and personalization, it enhances customer engagement, stimulates purchase behavior, strengthens retention, and improves overall customer satisfaction. This research seeks to offer practical insights for retail businesses aiming to strengthen their competitive edge in a swiftly evolving market.

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Keywords: Omnichannel Retailing, Omnichannel Marketing, Technologies Awareness, customer engagement.

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Plagiarism Detection; Sentence Transformers; Chunk-Based Similarity; Auto-Calibrated Threshold; Agentic AI; ReAct Framework; PAN 2011 Corpus; TF-IDF; LCS; Natural Language Processing

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The process of credit risk evaluation has undergone a paradigm shift owing to the growing adoption of machine learning and deep learning technology in the past few years. In this survey, we conduct a systematic review of 29 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2025 and develop a comprehensive taxonomy of nine methodological categories that cover conventional machine learning, deep learning models, generative adversarial networks, interpretable artificial intelligence models, reinforcement learning, graph-based learning, multimodal fusion, large language models, and method aggregation. By performing quantitative meta-analysis, we distil three critical findings: Firstly, that ensemble methods have reached optimal performance with a mean AUC of 0.87 (? = 0.07), which represents 11.5% relative improvement compared to logistic regression baselines while being compliant with regulatory requirements. Secondly, that Explainable AI integration through SHAP and LIME frameworks enables transparent audit trails with at most 1% degradation in model accuracy: Random Forest achieves 99% accuracy on benchmark datasets. Lastly, zero-shot large language models underperform traditional methods by up to 26% (0.67 vs. 0.89 mean AUC) due to limitations in structured data reasoning, but allow semantic risk extraction from unstructured sources. Graph-based architectures with CTGAN augmentation yield the top discrimination of 0.99 AUC but incur a training cost of 1000x compared to ensemble methods. We also show that deep learning offers significant advantages only when datasets contain more than 50,000 samples, and that temporal validation is still critically under-explored, with only 15% of studies including out-of-time testing. The current work presents quantitative benchmarks and identifies deploymentcritical research gaps in causal inference, federated learning, and adversarial robustness.

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Credit Score Prediction, Machine Learning, WGAN-GP, Class Imbalance, XGBoost, LightGBM, Ensemble Learning, Financial Technology

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Background: V?ta Do?a is considered the primary regulatory principle governing all physiological movements and functional activities in Ayurveda. Classical Ayurvedic texts describe V?ta as responsible for neural communication, sensory perception, motor activity, respiration, circulation, and excretory functions. These descriptions demonstrate close functional similarity with the regulatory role of the nervous system described in modern neurophysiology. Objective: To analyze the Ayurvedic concept of V?ta Do?a and correlate its physiological functions with modern neurophysiological principles, with special reference to the therapeutic role of Basti therapy. Methods: A narrative integrative review was conducted based on classical Ayurvedic literature, including Charaka Sa?hit? and A????ga H?daya, along with contemporary scientific literature from standard physiology textbooks and peer-reviewed journals related to neurophysiology, enteric nervous system, gut-brain axis, and neuroenteric regulation. Classical descriptions were critically interpreted and correlated with modern scientific concepts. Results: Classical Ayurvedic descriptions identify V?ta Do?a as the governing factor of movement, communication, and coordination within the body. Functional attributes of V?ta show conceptual parallels with neural impulse transmission, autonomic regulation, and systemic physiological integration. The colon (Pakv??aya), described as the principal seat of V?ta, corresponds functionally with the enteric nervous system and gut-brain axis recognized in modern science. Basti therapy, administered at the primary seat of V?ta, may exert therapeutic effects through modulation of enteric neural activity, autonomic balance, and neuroendocrine signaling. Conclusion: An integrative interpretation suggests that V?ta Do?a represents a neurophysiological regulatory principle coordinating bodily functions. Understanding Basti therapy through gut-brain axis mechanisms provides a scientific perspective for traditional Ayurvedic practice and supports the development of integrative therapeutic approaches for neurological and functional disorders.

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V?ta Do?a, Neurophysiology, Nervous System, Basti Therapy, Gut-Brain Axis, Enteric Nervous System.

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The paper explores the psychological aspects of anti-heroism in the works of Emily and Charlotte Brontë: Wuthering Heights and Jane Eyre. It considers how traumatised, repressed, inner conflict characters make heroism psychologically complex in the nineteenth century literature. The Victorian concept of ethical stasis and societal conformity is undermined by characters like Edward Rochester, Jane Eyre, Heathcliff and Catherine Earnshaw. This paper examines the effect of marginalisation, childhood trauma, and repressed emotions on creating anti-heroic identities within psychoanalytic concepts such as Freudian theories, Jungian theories on the shadow self and the traumatic theory. Heathcliff is the anti-hero of destruction, which is dependent on the unresolved anguish and compulsive disorder, whereas Jane Eyre is a character of moral and psychological autonomy. The thesis states that these novels transform anti-heroism as a mere ethical deviation into a complicated psychological state, which makes the inner conflict, identity formation, and emotional conflict a set of the modern literary heroes.

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Psychological Anti-Heroism; Victorian Literature; Trauma and Identity; Psychoanalytic Criticism; Jane Eyre; Wuthering Heights

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This study looks at how different colors shape the way people think about a brand, how they feel when they see it, and how they react to it.The research aimed to understand whether color alone affects brand recognition and buying decisions or if it works together with other branding elements. A survey of 51 respondents was conducted to gather insights. The results show that most people recognize brands through their colors and believe that packaging color influences how they judge product quality. While color plays an important role in shaping perceptions and purchase decisions, it works best when combined with elements like logo, design, and overall brand value. The study highlights that color is not just decorative but a powerful tool in branding and marketing.

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Color psychology, Branding, Consumer Perception

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The artificial intelligence and blockchain-powered intelligent healthcare system is designed to improve the quality of early detection of heart diseases, improve the safety of medical records, and allow remote access to healthcare. The model is based on a decision tree classifier to examine the health parameters of the patients and predict cardiovascular risk. A blockchain-inspired ledger secures the prediction output through SHA-256 hashing and chaining, providing tamper-evident medical record storage. The presence of a combined telemedicine unit will allow patients and doctors to communicate with each other remotely via report access and consultations. The experimental results demonstrate the model's satisfaction and the system's suitability for use in a multi-user environment. The system proposed is more secure, transparent, and accessible than the traditional healthcare platforms.

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Smart Healthcare, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Heart Disease Prediction, Decision Tree, Telemedicine, Secure Medical Records

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The play portrays the Indian emperor, Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq, with visions and ideologies neither of which could be successfully implemented during his reign, degenerating the kingdom and the emperor himself. This paper looks at the play through the symbolisms of chess, Tughlaq's multiple reflections, and the interplay of fact and fiction. It seeks to find out whether the play is one beyond the structured aspect of binaries, namely the real and the ideal, the ethical and the unethical, faith and betrayal, and reason and chaos. Through the paradoxical figure of Tughlaq, it attempts to look at the element of irony implied in every motif of mirror imaging and parallelism employed by Girish Karnad. Through his juxtaposition of history and fiction, Karnad exposes the intertwining of the ideals, and often perplexes the characters as well as the audience with the aspect of truth. The play captures much of the eccentricities of Tughlaq, who went down to be known as the 'wisest fool' in history. However, it also asks whether his decisions were a mere whim of a tyrant, those ahead of his time, or the ones which were poorly executed leading to suspect all of his sanity. What follows is rampant corruption in the kingdom, the ethical dilemma of Tughlaq, and the gradual disillusionment of his people as well as his own.

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binaries, ideal, real, disillusionment, chess, reflections, reason

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EmergyLink is a secure digital healthcare platform designed to manage personal health records and provide intelligent wellness support using modern web technologies and artificial intelligence. The system enables users to store, organize, and access their medical records in a centralized platform while ensuring data privacy and security. The proposed system integrates QR-based emergency access that allows authorized healthcare professionals to retrieve critical patient information during emergencies after proper verification. EmergyLink also includes an AI-based wellness assistant that analyzes health data and provides personalized health insights, reminders, and preventive recommendations. The platform supports secure doctor-patient interaction where doctors can temporarily access patient records through QR authentication for consultation purposes. The system is developed using the MERN stack architecture to ensure scalability, reliability, and efficient healthcare data management. By combining digital health record management, AI-based analysis, and emergency accessibility, EmergyLink aims to improve healthcare accessibility, enhance patient awareness, and support faster medical response in critical situations.

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Personal Health Record, Digital Healthcare System, Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare, QR Code Medical Access, Health Data Management, MERN Stack, Healthcare Security

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Karl Haushofer, a German geopolitician, invented the phrase "Indo-Pacific" in the 1920s. It is referring to the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The Indo-Pacific region includes 38 nations, 44 percent of the world's surface area, 65 percent of the world's population, 46 percent of goods commerce, 55 percent of container trade, and much more. As a result, this area is vital for all countries worldwide. The major stakeholders in this region are India, China, Japan, Australia, and ASEAN. Many countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, France, ASEAN, and small island states, see India as a counterweight to China's dominance in the Indo-Pacific. Because India has a coastline of over 7,500 kilometres. 90% of global trade by volume and 77% by value of India's trade is carried by sea. India's ambition for the Indo-Pacific is for it to be free, secure, independent, and inclusive. All nations should be followed the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and international Sea lines of communications (SLOCs) should be secured. The Indo-Pacific region is particularly important for both importing and exporting countries because if one country controls this area, it influences global commerce. As a consequence, via efforts such as the Quad Alliance, the AUKUS alliance, and the ASEAN perspective for the Indo-Pacific and East Asia Summit, the big powers, with the collaboration of India and other middle-power nations, promote a free Indo-Pacific area. Under the Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative, India also has a SAGAR Initiative. The recent COVID-19 pandemic outbreak devastated the world. Many challenges emerge as a result of COVID-19, including poverty, medical shortages, oxygen supply shortages, economic turmoil in many nations, and vaccination shortages. This study primarily focuses on India's strategy in COVID-19 for Indo-Pacific countries, intending to investigate the relationship between India and ASEAN countries, and how India assisted East Asian and Southeast Asian countries.

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 Keywords

Indo-pacific, United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), International Sea Lines of Communications (SLOCs), QUAD, SAGAR Initiative, COVID-19, India, ASEAN, AUKUS Alliance

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