Volume 14 | Issue 3

 Abstract

The ?r?mad Bh?gavatam contains several narratives that explore philosophical, ethical, and devotional ideas. Among them, the story of Prahl?da in the Seventh Canto is one of the most prominent. Prahl?da is portrayed as a figure who represents unwavering devotion and fearlessness, even while facing constant opposition from his father, the asura king Hiranyakashipu. This paper examines Prahl?da's character from an objective and analytical perspective. It focuses on the themes of devotion, authority, symbolism, and the narrative purpose of Prahl?da's role within the Pur??ic tradition. The study also highlights how the text uses the conflict between Prahl?da and Hiranyakashipu to discuss moral concepts as well as spiritual and philosophical themes.

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 Keywords

?r?mad Bh?gavatam , Prahl?da, Hiranyakashipu , Mah?bh?gavata , Bhakti

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Traditional knowledge spread through practice and oral directions and stories and passes from one generation to the next. The significance of ritual practices has become equally important to society members as it is required the technical knowledge. The recent Smart City concept relies on sustainable development from social, economic, environmental and cultural point of view. Every policy maker is thus focusing on the procedures of protecting region's cultural heritage, cultural assets and people's knowledge as well as traditional artefacts. This paper revolves around the concept of creating sacred place in a city to preserve and protect the society's cultural elements in a sustainable manner. Two temples of Kolkata, India has been selected for this study in order to show the occasional and regular social gathering would resolve numerous problems that today's globalised cities generate.

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Sacred place, Culture, Worship, City, Sustainability

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The Indian handloom industry is considered as the second-largest source of rural engagement after agriculture, which supports three million houses, most of which are built in villages. Despite its significance, the industry struggles with serious challenges, which consists of health concerns among workers, obsolete skillsets, inadequate market access, and financial uncertainty--problems that are especially severe for female weavers. The growing break between traditional practices and modern market demands further threatens its relevance and survival. This paper aims to conduct a systematic literature review of existing study to explore the major issues and emerging opportunities within the Indian handloom industry, focusing on weaver well-being, gender inequalities, innovation, and lasting sustainability. A total of 310 open-access scholarly papers were shortlisted with PRISMA-based selection procedure. Bibliometric analysis was conducted with the help of VOS viewer, allowing the identification of leading writers, frequently cited studies, research clusters, and collaboration patterns within the field. This paper emphasizes the demanding need for current skill development, robust policy frameworks, and strategic marketing methods. Bridging the gap between traditional skills and modern tools can not only improve economic situations for workers but also safeguard the continued artistic and sustainable value of the handloom sector in India.

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handloom, weaver, VosViewer, Prisma, employment, bibliometric analysis

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This dissertation focuses on Orientalism and imperial power, and literary representations on the basis of Heart of Darkness and Untouchable, which is read in the perspective of Orientalism as proposed by Edward Said. It states that the empire functions not by the conquest of territories and the administration of the economy, but by the epistemological rule, by structures of knowledge, which determine, classify and describe the colonized world. Literature is not a neutral form of aesthetics as it is an active participant in the building and challenging of these systems of representation.

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ORIENTALISM AND THE POLITICS OF EMPIRE IN BRITISH COLONIAL LITERATURE

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Cognitive fatigue is a significant psychological and physiological condition that impairs an individual's ability to concentrate, process information, and perform tasks effectively. In modern digital environments, prolonged computer usage across professional and academic settings has substantially increased mental workload, leading to rising concerns about undetected fatigue. Traditional detection methods rely on intrusive physiological sensors such as electroencephalography (EEG) devices, eye-tracking systems, and heart rate monitors. These approaches are expensive, uncomfortable, and unsuitable for continuous real-world deployment. This paper proposes an AI-Powered Cognitive Fatigue Detection System using Keystroke Dynamics as a non-intrusive behavioral biometric. Keystroke behavioral features including typing speed, key hold time, inter-key latency, error frequency, and pause duration are analyzed using machine learning classifiers: Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and an Artificial Neural Network. The weighted ensemble achieves a binary classification accuracy of 92.0%, with the ANN achieving 91.3% individually. The system operates with total pipeline latency under 40 milliseconds and CPU utilization below 3%, making it suitable for deployment as a lightweight background monitoring application. A Streamlit-based interactive dashboard provides real-time fatigue scores, session analytics, and evidence-based cognitive reactivation recommendations.

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Cognitive Fatigue

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The rapid rise of digital technologies has reshaped the global financial landscape, unlocking new opportunities for economic growth and expanding access to financial services like never before. But alongside these benefits, the digital revolution has also opened the door to increasingly sophisticated financial fraud schemes that threaten individuals, businesses, and financial institutions around the world. This paper explores how financial fraud is evolving in the digital age, with a focus on common tactics such as phishing, identity theft, payment fraud, crypto currency scams, and social engineering. We look at both the technological tools and psychological tricks that fraudster's use, while also examining the broader social and economic impacts these crimes have across different sectors. Drawing on recent data, policy changes, and industry trends through 2025, we highlight key weaknesses in current fraud prevention strategies and suggest a multi-layered approach to tackling these risks. Our research shows that a strong defense against digital fraud requires a combination of smart technology (like AI-based detection systems), clear regulations, international cooperation, and greater public awareness. By bringing these elements together, this paper offers a practical framework for understanding and addressing the risks of financial fraud in today's interconnected digital economy--offering valuable insights for policymakers, financial organizations, and everyday users alike.

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Na

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The rapid expansion of the aviation industry has increased the demand for efficient, accurate, and scalable reservation systems. Traditional ticket booking methods are often associated with operational delays, human errors, limited accessibility, and inefficient record management. This paper presents the design and implementation of a web-based Airline Reservation System (ARS) developed to automate flight booking, passenger management, payment processing, and administrative operations.The proposed system adopts a Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture and integrates Java Server Pages (JSP), MySQL database, and Apache Tomcat server to ensure modularity, security, and scalability. The system enables real-time flight search, online seat selection, secure payment processing, automated ticket generation, and administrative control over scheduling and records. Experimental validation through structured test cases demonstrates improved accuracy, reduced processing time, enhanced user experience, and reliable transaction management.The system provides a secure, scalable, and user-friendly digital platform suitable for airlines, travel agencies, and corporate travel management.

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Airline Reservation System, Web Application, MVC Architecture, Flight Booking, Automation, MySQL, JSP.

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The rapid digitization of financial services has significantly transformed the payment ecosystem in India over the past decade. Driven by advancements in financial technology, increased smartphone penetration, affordable internet connectivity, and strong governmental support, digital payment platforms have emerged as a cornerstone of India's evolving cashless economy. Systems such as the Unified Payments Interface (UPI), mobile wallets, internet banking, and card-based payments have revolutionized transaction mechanisms by offering speed, convenience, accessibility, and transparency. This study investigates consumer perceptions, behavioral usage patterns, satisfaction levels, and challenges associated with digital payment platforms in India. Using a quantitative research design, primary data was collected from 120 respondents through a structured questionnaire. Statistical tools, including percentage analysis and frequency distribution, were employed to interpret the findings. The results indicate a high degree of adoption among younger consumers, strong daily usage patterns, and widespread preference for UPI-based transactions. Convenience, speed, and ease of use were identified as primary motivating factors driving adoption. However, concerns related to cybersecurity risks, transaction failures, and network instability continue to influence consumer trust and long-term adoption behavior. The findings of this research contribute to the growing body of literature on digital financial services by providing an integrated understanding of perception, usage trends, and adoption barriers. The study offers practical implications for policymakers, fintech firms, financial institutions, and regulatory bodies aiming to strengthen India's digital payment ecosystem and enhance consumer confidence.

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Index Terms--Digital Payments, Unified Payments Interface (UPI), Con- sumer Behavior, Financial Technology (FinTech), Technology Adoption, Digital Economy, India.

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https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.curieuxreview.com/&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1771560057343415&usg=AOvVaw00fehyZCfIPTqebc_gOAhV

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Biology

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Financial constraints remain a major barrier to higher education for students from disadvantaged backgrounds in India. The Pradhan Mantri Vidyalaxmi (PM-Vidyalaxmi) Scheme was introduced to provide collateral-free, income-linked education loans to support higher-education access. This study assessed the effectiveness of the PM-Vidyalaxmi Scheme among beneficiaries in Tamil Nadu. Using a descriptive and analytical research design, primary data were collected from 230 student beneficiaries across arts and science, engineering, medical and allied health, and teacher education institutions through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and single-sample t-tests were employed for data analysis. The findings revealed high levels of awareness and effective utilisation of the scheme among students. The scheme significantly reduced financial stress, supported continuity of education, and improved academic focus. The study concluded that the PM-Vidyalaxmi Scheme functions as an important policy instrument for promoting inclusive higher education and financial inclusion among student populations in Tamil Nadu.

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PM-Vidyalaxmi Scheme, Higher Education Financing, Education Loans, Financial Inclusion, Student Beneficiaries.

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This research examines the emotional struggles and the formation of gendered subjectivity in Manju Kapur's Difficult Daughters. Set against the backdrop of pre-Partition India, the novel explores the complex inner life of Virmati, a woman caught between her personal desires and the rigid expectations imposed by a patriarchal society. Rather than focusing primarily on the political events of the time, Kapur foregrounds the psychological and emotional conflicts experienced by women whose lives are shaped by family obligations, social norms, and limited opportunities for autonomy. Through Virmati's journey, the narrative reveals how gendered expectations influence the ways women understand themselves and negotiate their identities.

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Gendered subjectivity, emotional struggle, patriarchy, female identity, agency, Difficult Daughters.

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Background: Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacillus that colonises the gastric mucosa and is implicated in a spectrum of gastrointestinal pathologies, including gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric carcinogenesis. The infection is at high prevalence worldwide, especially in poor sanitation and socio-economic deprived areas of the world where transmission favouring is. Aim: This investigation aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and lifestyle-related risk determinants linked to H. pylori infection of patients attending a gastroenterology outpatient clinic. Methods: The descriptive, non-experimental survey design was adopted. One hundred and twenty patients who were diagnosed with H. pylori were purposely sampled. Data were collected from October 2025 to December 2025, in Rungta Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan. Structured questionnaires and demographic proformas were used to determine the knowledge, lifestyle habits and possible risk factors associated with the infection from the participants. Results: The cohort comprised of 56.6 percent male participants. Fifty and two per cent of the respondents had fair knowledge about H. pylori, while 48 per cent had limited knowledge. Some 45.83 per cent of the participants reported having a family history of the infection. Identified risk factors from the lifestyle included erratic eating patterns, prolonged fasting, unhealthy diets, psychosocial stress, and eating very hot or cold foods. Conclusion: The findings highlight the need for an increased public awareness and specific health education campaigns targeting decreases in the prevalence of H. pylori and the adoption of healthier lifestyle behaviors.

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Helicobacter pylori, Gastrointestinal infection, Knowledge and awareness, Risk factors, Lifestyle factors, Peptic ulcer disease, Gastric health, Outpatient department patients, Health education, Socio-demographic factors.

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Eichhornia crassipes, Alternaria petroselini, bioherbicide, media optimization, phytotoxicity

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Emotional competence plays an important role in the teaching profession, particularly at the elementary level where teachers interact closely with young learners and influence their emotional and social development. Teachers with higher emotional competence are better able to understand students' feelings, manage classroom situations effectively, and create a supportive learning environment. The present study was conducted to examine the emotional competence of elementary school teachers in relation to gender and locale. The descriptive survey method was used for the investigation. A sample of 200 elementary school teachers was randomly selected from government elementary schools located in rural and urban areas of Bathinda district, Punjab. The Emotional Competence Scale developed by Dahiya and Gahlawat (2018) was used as the tool for data collection. The scale measures five dimensions of emotional competence: self-awareness, adaptability, motivation, empathy, and social skills. The collected data were analysed using the t-test to determine the significance of differences between groups. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant difference in emotional competence among elementary school teachers with respect to gender and locale. The results indicated that male teachers scored higher on emotional competence than female teachers. Similarly, urban teachers showed higher emotional competence compared to rural teachers. The study highlights the importance of emotional competence in improving teaching effectiveness and maintaining healthy teacher-student relationships. The findings suggest that training programmes and professional development workshops should be organised to enhance the emotional competence of teachers, especially those working in rural schools. Strengthening teachers' emotional skills can contribute to better classroom management, improved student engagement, and a more positive educational environment.

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Emotional Competence, Elementary School Teachers, Gender Differences, Locale (Rural and Urban), Emotional Intelligence, Teacher Effectiveness, Classroom Environment, Professional Development.

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Pranavaya - Medical-Yogic-Science and its Physician 'Yogi-Doctors': Part 1: Story, Historical Figures, Linking Pranavaya, Yoga, Ayurveda, Siddha

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Pranavaya - Medical-Yogic-Science and its Physician 'Yogi-Doctors': Part 1: Story, Historical Figures, Linking Pranavaya, Yoga, Ayurveda, Siddha

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Occupational stress, relaxation techniques, corporate workers, progressive muscle relaxation, deep breathing, mental health nursing

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Traditional values persist, especially in tribal and patriarchal societies, but the roles of women and men have undergone gradual changes in modern times. This study examines perceptions of masculinity in a contemporary tribal society. It is a qualitative study with primary data collected from the Mizos of Mizoram, India. The data were analyzed using Anthropac software. The study investigated how masculinity is defined and the traits attributed to men. While both genders expect a Mizo male to be responsible and reliable, there are gendered differences in perceptions: Men focus more on physical qualities, while women emphasize family responsibilities.

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Masculinity, Gender, Male roles, Unmanly

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The pursuit of social justice is a central commitment of the Indian Constitution, and the judiciary has emerged as a crucial institution in translating this commitment into lived realities for marginalised communities. Among the most historically excluded groups are transgender and gender-diverse persons, collectively referred to as the third gender. This paper critically examines the role of the Indian judiciary in advancing social justice for the third gender, with special reference to the landmark decision in National Legal Services Authority v Union of India (2014). The analysis is situated within theoretical perspectives of justice, including distributive, corrective, procedural, and recognition-based justice, and is further contextualised within the liberal world order's emphasis on human rights, dignity, and individual autonomy. The paper also explores India's ancient cultural and civilisational recognition of gender plurality, challenging the notion that third-gender rights are a modern or Western import. It argues that NALSA represents a transformative moment in Indian constitutional jurisprudence, though significant gaps remain between judicial recognition and social reality.

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Third Gender, Social Justice, Judiciary, NALSA, Constitutional Morality, Liberal World Order

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The increasing complexity of artificial intelligence models has significantly amplified the demand for high-performance computing systems. Conventional electronic processors such as CPUs and GPUs face critical limitations related to power consumption, heat generation, and data movement bottlenecks. These challenges restrict the scalability of modern deep learning applications. Photonic Neural Networks (PNNs) have emerged as a promising alternative that utilizes optical signals instead of electrical currents to perform neural computations. By exploiting the high speed and parallel nature of light propagation, photonic systems can perform matrix operations with extremely low latency and energy consumption. This paper explores the architecture and operational principles of hybrid photonic neural networks designed for ultra-fast AI acceleration. The study discusses optical matrix multiplication, silicon photonic integration, system advantages, and technical challenges associated with photonic AI hardware. The analysis indicates that hybrid photonic computing architectures can significantly enhance computational speed while reducing energy usage compared to conventional electronic processors. These capabilities make photonic neural networks a promising technology for next-generation artificial intelligence systems.

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Photonic Neural Networks, Optical Computing, Silicon Photonics, Artificial Intelligence Acceleration, Energy-Efficient Computing, Optical Matrix Multiplication

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Narrative authority often shifts when literary texts are adapted into visual media, as storytelling moves from the controlled structure of written narration to the interpretive possibilities of film and television. This shift typically occurs because visual media rely less on verbal narration and more on images, performance, and cinematic perspective to convey meaning. As a result, authority that once belonged to a narrator or narrative structure in the text may be redistributed among characters, directors, and visual framing. This paper examines this transformation through the digital and visual adaptations of Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes and Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. In the original Sherlock Holmes stories, narrative authority is largely mediated through Dr. Watson, whose role as narrator shapes the reader's understanding of Holmes's actions and maintains a certain narrative distance. Similarly, Frankenstein employs a layered narrative structure composed of letters and personal testimonies, distributing narrative authority across multiple voices and limiting direct access to events. However, when these works are adapted for film and television, their narrative frameworks are reconfigured to meet the demands of visual storytelling. Using a comparative approach, this study explores how narrative authority is redistributed in these adaptations. Many screen versions of Sherlock Holmes reduce Watson's narrative role and present Holmes directly through visual action and reasoning. Likewise, adaptations of Frankenstein often emphasize the creature's emotional presence, altering the moral focus of the narrative. The paper argues that visual adaptations do not merely reproduce literary texts but actively reinterpret them by shifting narrative authority within the storytelling process.

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Narrative Authority, Adaptation Studies, Digital Adaptation, Sherlock Holmes, Frankenstein, Visual Media, Literature-to-Screen Adaptation

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