Volume 14 | Issue 3

 Abstract

The researchers examined how people keep their memories about slavery and colonialism once all actual proof of these events has vanished from their physical surroundings. The characters in Beloved by Toni Morrison and The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy show how historical events from earlier times still impact contemporary society. In Beloved, the ghost symbolizes the lasting burden of slavery, while Roy's novel shows how colonialism and caste silently shape relationships and social boundaries. Both texts highlight generational trauma and suggest that healing begins when individuals confront painful histories and reclaim their personal narratives as resistance against oppression.

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Keywords:-Postcolonialism, Haunting, Trauma, Memory, Identity, Colonial Legacy, Slavery ,Caste System, Historical Impact

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In the context of rapid technological advancement, urbanization, and escalating environmental challenges, sustainability has become a central concern for institutions worldwide. Libraries, as enduring knowledge centres and socially responsible public institutions are uniquely positioned to support sustainable development. This paper examines the concept of green libraries as an integrated and holistic approach to environmental responsibility, combining sustainable infrastructure, eco-friendly management practices, digital innovation and community engagement. It traces the historical evolution of green libraries alongside the global environmental movement and highlights how sustainability principles have expanded from green building design to encompass library operations, services and policies. The study elaborates on the core concepts, objectives, principles and practices of green libraries, emphasizing energy efficiency, conservation of natural resources, waste management, digitalization and environmental education. The pivotal role of librarians in promoting sustainability literacy, implementing green practices and fostering a culture of environmental responsibility is also discussed. Furthermore, the paper critically analyses the challenges associated with implementing green libraries, including financial constraints, technical limitations, resistance to change and policy gaps, while outlining the wide ranging environmental, economic, social and educational benefits of adopting green practices. Finally, it explores future prospects of green libraries, highlighting the integration of smart technologies, digital services, global collaboration and policy support. The paper concludes that green libraries are vital contributors to sustainable development, reinforcing the library's evolving role as a progressive, environmentally responsible and community-oriented institution in the knowledge society.

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Green Libraries; Sustainability; Environmental Sustainability; Sustainable Development; Eco friendly Library Practices; Energy Efficiency Resource Conservation, Digital Libraries; Environmental Awareness; Role of Librarians

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Consumer satisfaction and consumerism are important concepts in the modern marketplace. Consumer satisfaction refers to the level of happiness or fulfillment experienced by consumers after purchasing or using a product or service. It depends on several factors such as product quality, customer service, value for money, reliability, convenience, and brand reputation. Consumerism, on the other hand, focuses on protecting consumer rights and promoting fair trade practices in the market. The growth of consumerism in India has been influenced by economic development, globalization, technological advancements, urbanization, and changing consumer lifestyles. While businesses aim to provide quality products and services to satisfy customers, consumerism ensures that consumers are protected from exploitation and unfair practices. Consumer awareness, effective complaint handling, and responsible business behavior play a significant role in improving customer satisfaction. Therefore, a balanced relationship between businesses and consumers is necessary for creating a fair, transparent, and efficient market system that benefits both consumers and producers.

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Consumer Satisfaction, Consumerism, Consumer Rights, Customer Service, Market Practices

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Blocks and other masonry components are made using Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC), a lightweight precast building material. Made from cement, lime, fly ash, and a gas-forming agent, it has a cellular structure with lots of air gaps, which lowers density in comparison to regular concrete. Properties including porosity, water absorption, and compressive and tensile strength are all impacted by the addition of aluminum powder. By assessing their mechanical and physical characteristics--such as density, water absorption, initial rate of absorption, compressive strength, stress-strain behavior, and flexural strength--and contrasting them with more traditional materials, this study investigates the possibility of using AAC blocks as an alternative to traditional masonry units.

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Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Using Aluminium Powder, compressive strength, water absorption, shrinkage

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Expansive soils (especially black cotton soil) create major difficulties in geotechnical engineering because of their high swelling and shrinkage tendencies, low bearing strength, and poor workability. To overcome these issues, the present study examines the influence of adding iron ore tailings (IOT) (a waste material generated from mining operations) as a stabilizing component to improve the compaction and plasticity behavior of black cotton soil. The soil was blended with different proportions of IOT (0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, and 20% by dry weight) and evaluated through standard geotechnical tests such as the Standard Proctor Compaction Test, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) Test, and Atterberg Limits (Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index). The experimental findings indicated that the Maximum Dry Density (MDD) increased consistently while the Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) decreased with IOT addition up to 16%, reflecting improved compaction characteristics. This improvement is mainly due to the higher specific gravity and granular structure of IOT, which enhance particle arrangement and minimize voids within the soil mass. Regarding plastic limit, the liquid limit and plasticity index reduced as the IOT content increased. These changes suggest a decrease in clay activity and soil expansiveness, resulting from the dilution of clay minerals and reduced water absorption. With increasing IoT, the soil progressively shifted from highly plastic to moderately plastic behavior. In summary, incorporating iron ore tailings significantly improves the compaction properties and lowers the plasticity of black cotton soil, enhancing its suitability for applications such as subgrade layers and embankment construction. Additionally, this approach supports sustainable engineering practices by promoting the efficient reuse of industrial waste, offering a cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and sustainable method for soil stabilization.

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Expansive soil, Iron ore Tailings, Soil Stabilization, Unconfined compressive strength (UCS), California Bearing Ratio (CBR)

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This article examines the gendered experiences of women during the upheaval of the Partition of India, focusing particularly on the violence, displacement, and social dislocation that shaped their lives. While conventional historiography has largely emphasized political negotiations and territorial divisions, women's experiences have often remained marginal within these narratives. Building on the feminist insights of Ritu Menon and Kamla Bhasin, the study emphasizes the importance of recovering women's narratives in order to understand how gender shaped the experience of violence, migration, and rehabilitation. The article highlights the multiple forms of violence directed at women, including sexual assault, abduction, forced conversion, and honour-based killings. These acts not only inflicted physical harm but also symbolized communal domination and humiliation. The analysis further explores how women remembered and narrated these events differently from men. As scholars such as Veena Das and Ashis Nandy have noted, women often retained the memory of violence through embodied experiences, producing narratives that reveal the emotional and psychological dimensions of trauma. By bringing these testimonies to the forefront, the article demonstrates the importance of oral history in reconstructing a gendered social history of Partition.

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Partition, Women, Violence, Rehabilitation, Oral History

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Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) is the biomarker of ovarian reserve and reproductive potential in female. Decreased AMH levels are associated with poor ovarian reserve, premature ovarian insufficiency, stress-related infertility, and reproductive ageing. Contemporary management options for low AMH remain limited. Ayurveda describes similar conditions under Artava kshaya, and Dhatu kshaya with predominant Vatainvolvement.Nasal route provides a unique pathway for rapid drug absorption due to its extensive vascularization and direct anatomical connection with the brain through the olfactory and trigeminal pathways. Nasya Karma,one of Panchakarma procedures in which medicine administered through the nasal route.influences the central nervous system and regulate Prana Vata. Considering the close relationship between the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis and ovarian function, Nasya Karma plays significant role in improving AMH levels through neuroendocrine modulation. This article explores the probable Ayurvedic and modern mechanisms behind the role of Nasya Karma in enhancing ovarian reserve and AMH levels.

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Nasya Karma, Anti-Mullerian Hormone, Ovarian Reserve, Artava Kshaya, HPO Axis,Panchakarma

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Feminist film theory, Bollywood, gender performativity, ageism, representation, Indian cinema

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Introduction: The early stage of type-2 diabetes known as prediabetes, is the state in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be called diabetes. It strikingly resembles the premonitory sign and symptoms of Prameha. Fast-changing lifestyle and increased consumption of high-fat diets, junk food, and decreased physical activities with leisure have contributed to the rising burden of type 2 diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases. As per Ayurveda, Madhura, Guru, Abhiyshandi dietetic articles indicating indulgence in high-calorie diet along with the leisurely lifestyle that is devoid of physical exercise play a major role in the manifestation of Prameha. Ayurveda strongly emphasizes preventive and promotive aspects of health rather than curative. References regarding lifestyle intervention along with drugs have been mentioned in the classics in the context of prevention and management of Prameha. Aims: This review aims to bring into focus the role of Ayurvedic dietary and lifestyle guidelines for the patients of prediabetes and thus the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods: To fulfill the objectives relevant to Ayurveda and modern literature, available research updates, and information on Google Scholar, Pub Med, Science Direct.com, Science.gov were searched and analyzed with keywords prediabetes, lifestyle modification, diabetes, Prameha. Result: Most of the research articles regarding prediabetes suggest that awareness regarding Pathya (nutrition health education) like Purana Shali, Yava (barley), Mudaga (green gram), and lifestyle modification can play a major role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Unhealthy lifestyle plays an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes hence lifestyle interventions can play a major role to prevent diabetes and its complications.

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Ayurveda, Lifestyle intervention, Pathya, prediabetes, Type 2 diabetes

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The swift proliferation of hybrid and multi-cloud infrastructures has dramatically expanded the enterprise attack surface, rendering traditional perimeter-based security models obsolete in the face of distributed, dynamic systems. Organizations now routinely deploy workloads across disparate platforms--including Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP), and on-premises private data centers--introducing multifaceted security challenges such as fragmented identity management, inconsistent access controls, and heightened risks of lateral movement by adversaries exploiting trust relationships between environments. This paper introduces a comprehensive Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) framework tailored for hybrid and multi-cloud ecosystems, which dismantles implicit trust assumptions and mandates continuous, contextual verification of all users, devices, workloads, and network flows irrespective of location or network perimeter. The proposed architecture synergistically integrates three core pillars: (1) identity-centric access control leveraging federated identity providers (e.g., OAuth 2.0, OpenID Connect) with just-in-time (JIT) privilege elevation; (2) continuous authentication mechanisms that fuse multi-factor signals--including device posture assessments (e.g., compliance with endpoint detection and response tools), user behavioral analytics (UBA) via machine learning models detecting anomalies in access patterns, geolocation, and session risks--and real-time risk scoring to dynamically revoke or adapt privileges; and (3) granular micro-segmentation enforced through software-defined networking (SDN) and intent-based policies, creating ephemeral security zones that isolate workloads at the application, container, or workload level to preempt lateral movement. Cross-cloud enforcement is achieved via a centralized policy decision point (PDP) with distributed policy enforcement points (PEPs) that synchronize dynamic policies across providers using standardized APIs (e.g., AWS IAM, Azure AD, and Kubernetes NetworkPolicies). The framework also incorporates telemetry aggregation from cloud-native security tools (e.g., AWS GuardDuty, Azure Sentinel) for holistic threat visibility and automated response orchestration. To evaluate efficacy, we conducted rigorous experimental evaluations in a simulated hybrid cloud testbed comprising AWS, Azure, and a Kubernetes-orchestrated private cluster, emulating real-world attack scenarios such as privilege escalation, container escapes, and lateral traversal using tools like Atomic Red Team and MITRE ATT&CK frameworks. Quantitative metrics-- including mean time to detect (MTTD) intrusions (reduced by 68%), successful lateral movement attempts blocked (92% efficacy), and policy evaluation latency (<50ms)--demonstrate superior performance over baseline models like VPN-centric perimeters and static firewalls. Qualitative analysis highlights enhanced security visibility through unified dashboards and adaptive resilience against evolving threats, with scalability tested up to 10,000 concurrent workloads. This framework offers enterprises a robust, vendor-agnostic blueprint for securing hybrid/multi-cloud deployments, paving the way for resilient operations in an era of pervasive cloud adoption while minimizing operational overhead.

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Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA), Hybrid Cloud Security, Multi-Cloud Interoperability, Micro-segmentation, Continuous Authentication, User Behavioral Analytics (UBA), Identity Federation, Lateral Movement Prevention.

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Faculty Development Programs (FDPs) play a vital role in enhancing the teaching competency and professional effectiveness of faculty members in higher education institutions. In the contemporary academic environment, rapid changes in pedagogy, technology integration, and learner expectations have increased the need for continuous faculty development. The present study aims to examine the effectiveness of Faculty Development Programs in improving teaching competency among faculty members. The study focuses on key dimensions such as pedagogical skills, subject knowledge enhancement, classroom management, use of innovative teaching methods, and adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) in teaching. The findings of the study reveal that Faculty Development Programs have a significant positive impact on teaching competency, particularly in enhancing instructional delivery, student engagement, and assessment practices. The study also highlights the need for regular, need-based, and practice-oriented FDPs to ensure continuous improvement in teaching quality. The results of the study provide valuable insights for academic administrators and policymakers in designing effective faculty development initiatives. The study emphasizes the importance of regular, structured, and need-based FDPs in promoting academic excellence. The study concludes that well-structured Faculty Development Programs contribute significantly to teaching excellence and overall institutional effectiveness.

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Faculty Development Programs, teaching, competency, innovation, commitment.

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Atmospheric visibility is an important indicator of air quality and is strongly influenced by aerosol loading in the atmosphere. Over the past few decades, rapid urbanization, industrialization, and increasing vehicular emissions have significantly contributed to aerosol pollution, leading to substantial visibility degradation across many regions of the world. Aerosol particles interact with solar radiation through scattering and absorption processes, which reduce the transparency of the atmosphere. Numerous studies have demonstrated strong relationships between atmospheric visibility and particulate matter concentrations, particularly fine particulate matter (PM?.?). Recent advances in satellite observations, ground-based monitoring networks, and atmospheric reanalysis datasets such as ERA5 have improved our understanding of the complex interactions between aerosols, meteorological conditions, and visibility. However, challenges remain in accurately quantifying aerosol contributions to visibility reduction due to regional variability, meteorological influences, and limitations in observational datasets. This review summarizes recent developments in aerosol-induced visibility degradation, discusses the key mechanisms involved, and highlights major research gaps and challenges for future investigations.

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Visibility, Aerosol, PM2.5, Solar radiation.

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The making of the Indian Constitution is often localised to the singular genius of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar; however, historical records and parliamentary proceedings reveal a more intricate, collaborative, and sometimes contentious process. This article examines the historical study of the Constitution's drafting, highlighting the foundational role of Sir Benegal Narsing Rau, who prepared the initial draft after researching sixty countries. While Dr. Ambedkar is celebrated as the "Father of the Indian Constitution," he personally described himself as a "hack" and admitted to performing tasks against his will due to the rigid framework set by the Objectives Resolution and British-imposed conditions. The study explores the divergence between the resulting document and the decentralised, village-level autonomy envisioned by M K Gandhi, noting that the final structure heavily mirrored the British Government of India Act of 1935. The narrative further delves into the disillusionment expressed by key figures, including Dr. Ambedkar's later assertion that he would be the first to burn the document. By analysing Constituent Assembly debates and the challenges faced by the Drafting Committee--where the primary burden often fell solely on Ambedkar--the article underscores that the Constitution was a product of colonial inheritance, technical drafting by bureaucrats like Rau, and the political boundaries of the Cabinet Mission Plan. Ultimately, it calls for a deeper investigation into the historical forces that shaped India's supreme law.

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Indian Constitution, Constituent Assembly, Drafting Committee, Objectives Resolution, Government of India Act 1935

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The swift expansion of E- Commerce has changed how shoppers engage with online shopping platforms, connecting physical and digital retail environments. This research examines the impact of Virtual Reality (VR) on consumer habits in the e-commerce industry, particularly targeting the inhabitants of Kukatpally, Hyderabad. The goal is to evaluate the overall effect of virtual reality technology on consumers purchasing choices in online shopping. Data collected through a Google Forms survey that captures current experiences, utilizing survey responses from 120 participates. Through rigorous statistical analysis of this primary data, research clarifies the substantial effect of Virtual Reality , with findings showing a strong positive correlation between VR characteristics and purchasing decisions (R= 0.743). The regression findings show that around 55.26% of the fluctuations in purchasing choices is accounted for by VR--related factors. The research finds that Virtual Reality technology greatly improves the online shopping experience, resulting in better purchasing decisions.

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Virtual Reality, online shopping, consumer buying decisions, product comparison, engagement, correlation, regression, satisfaction, E-commerce, VR enabled features, Kukatpally.

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Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) facilitate infrastructure-less, multi-hop communication among mobile nodes, proving valuable for emergency response, disaster recovery, military operations, and temporary IoT deployments. However, broadcasting for route discovery and control messages often suffers from the broadcast storm problem in traditional flooding, causing redundancy, congestion, high energy consumption, and degraded performance. Optimized approaches like Fixed-Load Based Broadcasting (FLBB) mitigate some overhead through static rules but fail to adapt to node heterogeneity in residual energy, mobility, and link stability. This paper proposes the Supervised Machine Learning-Based Reliability Routing Protocol (MLRP), employing lightweight logistic regression to predict node forwarding reliability. Nodes are evaluated using normalized features--residual energy, inverse mobility, and link stability--with an adaptive probability threshold selecting reliable forwarders only. A stochastic probabilistic network model enables scalable MATLAB simulation. Comparative evaluation against flooding and FLBB across 50-200 nodes shows MLRP achieves higher throughput and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), lower end-to-end delay and routing load, with classification accuracy improving from 84% to 91% in denser networks. MLRP offers a computationally efficient, intelligent broadcasting solution for dynamic MANETs.

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Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Broadcast Storm Problem, Supervised Machine Learning, Logistic Regression, Node Reliability Prediction, Adaptive Broadcasting, Packet Delivery Ratio, Routing Overhead

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing rural planning and development in India by enabling data-driven decision-making, optimizing resource allocation, and addressing longstanding challenges in agriculture, infrastructure, and governance.AI-powered analytics identify underserved villages and predict development needs through satellite imagery and machine learning, facilitating targeted interventions in areas like precision farming and water management. Tools such as AI sowing apps and crop disease diagnostics, like Plantix and KisanGPT, boost farmer productivity by providing real-time insights on soil, weather, and pests in local languages. Smart infrastructure solutions optimize energy, transportation, and irrigation, as seen in villages like Satnavari near Nagpur, where AI-driven drones and solar grids enhance sustainability and reduce urban migration. These technologies promote economic growth for small enterprises and improve access to education, healthcare, and government services, fostering inclusive development. Infrastructure deficits, digital divides, and limited AI skills in rural areas hinder widespread adoption, necessitating policy support for equitable access and training. Despite these hurdles, strategic integration of AI promises long-term self-sufficiency and resilience in India's rural landscape.

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Artificial intelligence, Rural Development, Precision Agriculture, Smart Infrastructure, Digital Divide, Sustainable Development

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This paper presents the design and development of "CoolKart", a solar-powered portable evaporative cooling system intended for roadside vendors and primary healthcare centers such as Primary Health Centres (PHC) and Anganwadi units. Many small vendors and rural health facilities lack access to affordable refrigeration, leading to spoilage of fruits, vegetables, tablets, and liquid medicines. The proposed system utilizes the principle of evaporative cooling through a honeycomb pad structure integrated inside the cart. Ambient air is drawn through the honeycomb cooling media using a DC fan, where moisture absorption reduces the air temperature before circulating inside the storage chamber. A humidity sensor regulates airflow to maintain effective cooling performance. The system operates using solar energy supported by a battery and charge controller, with an additional adapter-based charging provision for hybrid operation. The developed prototype was tested with local vendors, and feedback confirmed its effectiveness in maintaining freshness and extending shelf life. The CoolKart provides a sustainable, low-cost, and eco-friendly alternative to conventional refrigeration systems, especially for rural and semi-urban applications.

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Evaporative Cooling, Solar Powered Cooling System, Portable Cooling Cart, Honeycomb Cooling Pad, Humidity Sensor, Sustainable Cooling, Rural Storage System.

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Abstract This study investigates the historical development of Tamil classical dance from the seventeenth to the twenty-first century, focusing on structural evolution, socio-cultural transformation, and aesthetic continuity. The research traces the transition from early Tamil dance traditions and the Sadir performance practice to the modern Bharatanatyam repertoire. Using a historical and analytical approach grounded in literary documentation, performance traditions, revivalist discourse, and structural examination of the Margam format, the study highlights key moments of transformation in the dance tradition. Evidence suggests that the Maratha period contributed significantly to narrative expansion and compositional refinement, particularly through the introduction of Nirupanam elements that later influenced the codified structure of the repertoire. These developments were further organized by the Tanjore Quartet, whose contributions shaped the Margam framework that continues to guide Bharatanatyam performances today. Twentieth-century socio-cultural reform movements, including the abolition of the Devadasi system, redefined the institutional context of the art form while simultaneously enabling its reinvention within new pedagogical and performance spaces. Contemporary Bharatanatyam thus reflects a balance between preservation and adaptation, evident in evolving performance durations, pedagogical milestones, and expanded interpretative practices. Within this evolving tradition, the varnam occupies a central position in the Bharatanatyam repertoire as a composite form that integrates melody, rhythm, and poetic expression. Particularly significant for dance is the pada varnam, whose lyrical orientation enables an extended interplay between nritta (pure dance) and abhinaya (expressive interpretation). Structurally organized through sections such as pallavi, anupallavi, muktayi, and charanam with successive ettugada passages, the pada varnam provides a broad interpretative space where rhythmic sequences and sahitya alternate to support narrative expansion. Historically, varnams were embedded in diverse ritual and performance contexts, including temple processions and ceremonial events, and earlier Sadir performances sometimes featured multiple elaborate varnams within a single recital. The thematic content often explores devotion, longing, and the symbolic relationship between the jeevatma and paramatma, expressed through nuanced gesture, text, and musical phrasing. The rhythmic sophistication of the form, shaped by nattuvanars through intricate jathi patterns and strategic eduppu placements, challenges dancers to maintain technical precision while conveying layered emotional meaning. As the central and most demanding item of the Bharatanatyam Margam, the pada varnam continues to exemplify the synthesis of musical structure, choreographic design, and expressive depth that defines the classical identity of the tradition.

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Tamil Classical Dance; Bharatanatyam; Sadir; Varnam, Maratha Period; Tanjore Quartet; Devadasi System; Margam; Sanchari Bhava; Dance Revival; Performance Tradition

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ABSTRACT The historical trajectory of India's insurance sector encapsulates one of the most profound macroeconomic and jurisprudential transformations in the nation's post-independence history. This exhaustive research report undertakes a meticulous doctrinal and empirical investigation into the structural, legal, and economic metamorphosis of the Indian insurance industry, charting its evolution from a state-controlled monopoly to a dynamic, liberalised, and stringently regulated financial market. Rooted in the socialist economic planning paradigms of the mid-twentieth century, the nationalisation of life and general insurance under the Life Insurance Corporation Act, 1956, and the General Insurance Business (Nationalisation) Act, 1972, sought to mobilise domestic capital and eradicate widespread market abuses prevalent under the archaic Insurance Act, 1938. However, subsequent decades exposed inherent systemic inefficiencies, stagnant market penetration, and a pronounced deficit in consumer-centric product innovation. The paradigm shifted irrevocably following the sovereign macroeconomic crisis of 1991, necessitating the formation of the R.N. Malhotra Committee in 1993. This report provides an exhaustive legal analysis of the Committee's landmark 1994 recommendations, which functioned as the architectural blueprint for dismantling entrenched state monopolies, sanctioning private and foreign direct investment (FDI), and instituting an independent statutory regulator. The subsequent enactment of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) Act, 1999, revolutionised the legal framework, empowering the regulatory authority to delicately balance market expansion with rigorous prudential norms and uncompromising policyholder protection. Through a hybrid methodological lens, this study evaluates the empirical impact of privatisation on insurance penetration, density, and market competition. Furthermore, it scrutinises contemporary legal challenges, including consumer protection mechanisms, the evolution of obligations in the rural and social sectors, and the legislative horizon shaped by the Insurance Amendment Bills of 2021 and 2024/2025. By synthesising historical jurisprudence, statutory mandates, judicial trends, and contemporary empirical data, the research proposes strategic legislative and policy recommendations to mitigate the persistent insurance protection gap and achieve the regulatory vision of "Insurance for All by 2047."

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Insurance Jurisprudence, Privatisation, R.N. Malhotra Committee, IRDA Act 1999, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)

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This paper explores the contradictions within postfeminist culture in The Devil Wears Prada (2003) by Lauren Weisberger and Normal People (2018) by Sally Rooney. Postfeminist discourse often presents the contemporary woman as autonomous and capable of combining professional success with romantic fulfillment and personal authenticity. But these novels complicate such narratives by showing emotional strain and identity fragmentation under shadow of apparent freedom. Using a postfeminist cultural theoretical framework and especially drawing on the works of Angela McRobbie and Rosalind Gill, and through close textual analysis the study argues that both texts depict female agency as negotiated and conditional rather than absolute. Professional ambition and sexual autonomy do not result in a coherent sense of self but create tensions between independence and intimacy. By situating Andrea Sachs and Marianne Sheridan within environments that reward ambition and self expression, the novels expose the emotional and psychological costs associated with contemporary expectations of empowerment. Finally, the narratives suggest that the promise of having it all is unresolved and empowerment is an ongoing process characterized by ambivalence and not closure.

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postfeminism, female agency, identity, ambition, intimacy, contemporary fiction

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