Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

the development of an electric vehicle is a result of air pollution caused by automobiles. The goal of an electric automobile is to reduce pollution, but the major challenge with them is charging. The car should be charged at the same pace as it is filled with fuel in an electronic charging station. To enhance the charging speed of an electric car, a PID controller, a fuzzy logic controller, and a buck-boost controller are employed in this study. The electronic charging station must be able to charge a variety of electric vehicles with varying capacities in a short amount of time. The material in this article is about quick charging of an electric car that was developed in MATLAB. Best possible outcomes the circuit's performance can be improved with the aid of simulation. The best performance is shown in this article which is to use fuzzy logic which is supplied to 3 different chargers with their voltage levels such as 42v, 48v, 52v when charging EV batteries There is voltage difference, the switches are created are provided with a particular charger base this switching action can be controlled using the Fuzzy controller this result can be achieved using MATLAB simulation another advantage of this system that we have observed every results before the actual implementation of hardware and the purpose of this system we can store the charging and discharging of EV batteries and improves the maximum efficiency and life of EV batteries.

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Keywords-- AC/DC converter, DC/DC converter, Buck converter with PI Controlled, EV battery, Fuzzy Logic controller,

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In-service teacher education plays an important role in improving the quality of education by developing and supporting teacher competency continuously. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of professional development programs for in-service teacher educators, explore the key components of teacher competency, and examine the significance of ongoing support and mentorship in enhancing teachers' effectiveness. Using a descriptive research methodology, data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data included data from various in-service teachers' program across the nation focusing more specifically in the state of Odisha, while secondary data comprised research articles, policies, and program documents. Analysis was conducted through qualitative content analysis. The findings reveal the effectiveness of various professional development programs, such as Faculty Development Programmes (FDPs) and online platforms like DIKSHA, NISHTHA, SWAYAM, and NCERT, in upskilling teacher educators. These programs focus on enhancing pedagogical content knowledge, access to research, and instructional quality. The availability of research, pedagogical content knowledge, professional development, and high-quality instruction are all important aspects of teacher competency. These elements have a big impact on how well students learn, highlighting how crucial it is for teachers to always be learning and adapting. Moreover, government programs like PSSCIVE, CIET, PARAKH, and SCERT--which offer continuous support and mentorship--are essential in promoting teacher efficacy. These programs provide educators with tools, orientation sessions, and training programs to help them acquire the skills and competences they need. The study's result emphasizes how crucial in-service teacher education is to advancing teacher competency and, eventually, enhancing student outcomes. Education professionals can establish inclusive and productive learning environments that cater to the different needs of students by giving priority to continuous support, mentorship, and professional development opportunities.

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Competency, Pedagogical Knowledge, FDP, In-service Teacher Educators

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A novel rapid, sensitive and reproducible mass compatible, ultra-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for quantitative determination of Lamivudine in active pharmaceutical ingredients and its dosage forms. The synthetic nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor analogues, Lamivudine form one of the fixed dosage combinations used in the effective management of HIV. It belongs to a group of anti-HIV medicines called non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). The method is applicable to the quantification of related compounds of Lamivudine form one of the fixed dosage combinations. The developed HPLC method was further subjected to hydrolytic, oxidative, photolytic and thermal stress conditions. The performance of the method was validated according to the present ICH guidelines for specificity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity, accuracy, precision, and ruggedness.

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Lamivudine, Force degradation studies, UV-visible spectroscopy method

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The current study's objective is to develop the closed-mold vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) method which is able to produce high-performance materials and examine, analyze, and assess the mechanical and thermal characteristics of epoxy hybrid composites reinforced with banana fiber and raw jute. Banana fiber was hybridized with jute fiber to enhance the mechanical qualities. The jute and banana fibers were manufactured with a different weight ratio (50/50) and then mixed into the epoxy matrix using the molding procedure to form composites. The tensile and flexural tests were performed on hybrid composite materials. The final results are for Tensile Strength - 24.13, Flexural Strength - 61.70.

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VARTM, Composite Manufacturing, Banana fiber, Jute fiber, Epoxy, Hardener, Fabrication Techniques

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Inclusive education is an approach that promotes equal participation and opportunities for all students, regardless of their background, abilities, or disabilities. It aims to create a supportive learning environment where diverse learners can thrive together, fostering empathy, understanding, and respect for differences. This approach emphasizes adapting teaching methods, curriculum, and classroom environments to accommodate the needs of all students, ensuring that every learner has access to quality education and can reach their full potential.

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INCLUSION EDUCATION: AN OVERVIEW

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Taxes .can .reduce .our .annual .savings. .To .overcome .this, .tax .planning .is .a .legitimate .way .of .reducing .our .tax .liabilities .in .any .given .financial .year. .It .helps .us .to .utilize .the .tax .exemptions, .deductions, .& .benefits .offered .by .the .authorities .in .the .best .possible .way .to .minimize .our .liability. The .definition .of .tax .planning .is .quite .simple. .It .is .the .analysis .of .one's .financial .situation .from .the .tax .efficiency .point-of-view. This .paper .will .increase .the .understanding .of .individual .about.tax planning for the .F.Y.2023-24.

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Tax, .Advantage .of .Tax .Planning, .Tax .Strategies, .Long .Term .Short .term .Capital . ..Gain.

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This project presents novel ideas on boosting security and thus reducing the risk in Internet of Things (IoT) based on implementing Intrusion Detection Systems leveraging machine learning. The project details the designing of two IoT devices based on DHT11 sensors that are used to measure the temperature and humidity levels. These devices use datagram communication, for which data is transmitted through a Mosquitto broker using the MQTT protocol. In the server side, a machine learning model made out of Random Forest and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms analyzes the information that passes it through for patterns hinting at intrusion or unusual behavior. Whenever alarm is identified from a possible security threat, notifications are there forwarded on the Telegram platform within the relevant authorities. This project integrates IoT, machine learning, and secured communications technologies together in order to enhance the robustness of connected environments that can very quickly detect threats and respond accordingly in a timely manner.

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Intrusion Detection, Feature Selection, Machine Learning , Random Forest Ensemble Approach ,Support Vector Machine.

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 Abstract

Kala Samekit Shiksha Ke Prayog Ka Janapad Pilibhit Ke Parishadiy Vidhalayon Ke Shikshako Ke Anubhav V Uram Ke Adhar Par Tulanatmak Adhyayan |

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Kala Samekit Shiksha Ke Prayog Ka Janapad Pilibhit Ke Parishadiy Vidhalayon Ke Shikshako Ke Anubhav V Uram Ke Adhar Par Tulanatmak Adhyayan |

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The rate of automation in European industry is increasing continuously. In production metrology, the trend is shifting from measurement laboratories towards integration of metrology into the production process. Increasing levels of automation and the current skills shortage are driving demand for autonomous production systems. In this project, a roughness measurement system was developed that is fully integrated into machine tools and enables fully automatic roughness measurement of part surfaces during the machining process. Using a skidless measurement system, it was possible to obtained measured roughness values comparable to those obtained in measuring rooms under optimal conditions. The present paper shows the development process of the prototype and provides an overview of different application scenarios for in situ measurement of machine tools. In situ roughness measurement has high potential in the future of metrology in industrial applications. Not only can surfaces be measured directly in the process, sub-processes can be triggered based on the measured values, allowing the production process to react flexibly to actual conditions. Potential improvements in metrology and significant optimizations of the entire production chain are highlighted in this paper.

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surface roughness; integrated metrology; machine tools; tactile measurement

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Agni; Ayurveda; Chronic pancreatitis; Grahani; Pain.

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One of the Asthamahagadas described by Acharya Charaka and known as the "king of the disease" is Rajyakshma. Due to its multisystem involvement and syndromic expression, it has traditionally been difficult to identify and treat. Therefore, it is crucial to fully comprehend Nidana and Samprapti prior to making treatment plans. Rajayakshma has been linked to numerous immunodeficiency syndromes. However, a closer look at the symptoms reveals that it more closely resembles a multisystem respiratory disease. As well as being classified as an Aupsargika Vyadhi, the ailment also had a number of predisposing elements or Chaturvidha Nidana. Tridoshas and Sapta Dhatu are induced as a result of Nidana indulgence. In the present period, pulmonary tuberculosis can be linked to Rajyakshma, which affects the Pranavaha Srotasa. Although the pathophysiology of Rajayakshma and pulmonary tuberculosis differ, their clinical profiles are remarkably similar. Western medicine focuses primarily on infectious diseases, how they spread, various diagnostic techniques, and WHO-recommended antibiotics. The paper's main goals are to fully convey the fundamental ideas of Rajayakshma's Hetu and Samprapti and how they affect the Pranavaha Srotasa in relation to pulmonary tuberculosis. Rajayakshma is considered the king of all diseases. It is formed with two words: Raja (king) and Yakshma (decay), which means fraying condition of huge magnitude. The symptoms of Rajayakshma include Sahasa (extreme tension and strain), Vegasandharana (restraining natural impulses), Kshaya (decreasing Dhathu), and Vishamashana (resisting natural urges). It is a Shosha that Madhyama Rogamarga Vyadhi has manifested. The Tridosha and the Sapta Dhatu are impacted by the emergence of Ekadasha Roopa. The Nidana and the Samprapti are given a lot of attention in the classics of Ayurveda, since they are crucial to comprehending Chikitsa. Chikitsa is Nidana Parivarjana and Samprapti Vighatana; it is nothing. Rajayakshma's knowledge was compiled by exhaustively searching the primary Ayurvedic literature. Rajayakshma is a rare illness, and the disease hierarchy is as described by Sahasajanaya Rajayakshma and Vega Sandarana. Janya Rajayakshma, Kshaya Janya Rajayakshma, and Vishamashana Janya Rajayakshma is one of the four categories involved in Nidana. In modern medicine, Rajyakshma may correlate with pulmonary tuberculosis. Though there is a difference in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and Rajyakshma, the clinical picture of both is quite similar.

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Rajayakshma, Yakshma, Jwara, Kshaya, Roga, Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

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Amlapitta is a very common disease in present era. It is very troublesome disease and can give rise to many serious problems if not treated in time. Signs and symptoms of Amlapitta are very similar to gastritis or hyperacidity. According to conventional medical science the most common causes of gastritis are H. pylori infections and prolonged use of Non-Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS). The incidence of gastritis in India is approximately 3 in 869 that is about 12,25,614 people suffering from gastritis out of the total 1,06,50,70,607 population. Hence there is a need to understand the concepts and first line treatments.

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Ayurveda, Amlapitta, Hyperacidity.

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Pandu Roga is one of the diseases mentioned in Ayurveda, which is one of the "Varnopalakshita Roga" i.e., a disease characterized by the change in the colour to white (Shweta), yellowish (Peeta), greenish (Harita). The clinical condition of Pandu in Ayurveda can be co-related with Anaemia described in Modern Medical Science, due to the resemblance in the clinical signs and symptoms. In Modern Medicine, Pandu is a pale appearance which may be due to the decreased blood supply to the skin or decreased visibility of oxyhemoglobin. Anaemia is a major global public health problem and the most prevalent nutritional deficiency disorder in the world. This article presents the Ayurvedic concept of Pandu Roga (Anaemia).

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Pandu, Vyadhi, Srotas, Anaemia, Pallor

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Ayurveda is the science of life. It teaches us how to live. In this regard Dinacharya, Ritucharya, Sadvruta, Rasayana, and Vajikarana play an important role. Seven Dhatus are present in the body-Rasa, Rakta, Mansa, Meda, Asthi, Majja and Shukra. The seven Dhatus are the responsible for the development of our body. Shukra is the last Dhatus produced in the body among the all Dhatus. A person who has healthy Shukra has a brightness of confidence, with eyes and skin that seen to radiate light Shukra Dhatus also conferms strength, wisdom and power of the body. To maintain the total health of a indivisual specific Aahar vihar and Vajikarana Chikitsa has been described in text of Ayurveda. Vajikarana deals with the preservation of sexual potency of a healthy man as well as treatment of defective semen, disturbed sexual potency. Vajikarana promotes the sexual capacity and physical activities.

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Vajikarana, Ayurveda, Shukra.

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Present era is a era of stressful life, fast life, night life, exceeding work hours, bad eating habbits, eating junk food, unhealthy food, not eating on proper time, alcohol consumption, over use of technologies, use of mobiles, laptops, lack of exercise, etc. which has made a huge impact on people's health leading to various physical and mental disorders. Nowadays, People at a very young age are seen suffering from heart diseases. Despite of advancement in medicine and new technologies managing of cardiovascular diseases are yet difficult. There is a high rate of death of people due to cardiovascular disease. Also American heart association states that most cardiovascular diseases are caused by behavioural risk factors such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, use of alcohol, smoking. Hence, it can be prevented by addressing and avoiding these risk factors. So, there is a need to manage the lifestyle causes in any possible way in order to avoid the further harm. Ayurveda gives the preventive aspect to hridroga (cardiovascular disorder) through Nidana parivarjana (avoiding the causes), shaman (herbs, Ahara- Vihara, dincharya, Ritucharya ), yoga and shodhana (panchakarma) chikitsa.

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lifestyle disorders, cardiovascular disorder, hridroga, Nidana parivarjan

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Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Clean India Mission and abbreviated as SBA or SBM "The Swachh Bharat Mission is a national campaign by the Government of India involving 4,041 mandatory cities and municipalities to clean the streets, roads and infrastructure of the country. Sorting and recycling waste is effective ways to reduce it.Separation of waste at source plays a key role in solid waste management, especially when financial resources are limited Waste sorting and awareness of different types of waste is a new boom We divide solid waste into two categories: wet and dry .waste. According to the Solid Waste Management Regulations 2016, manufacturers must sort waste into these three categories. The main goal of this project is to design a system using Arduino Mega that would automatically sort waste at the source and be able to clean. A moisture sensor classifies waste based on its threshold value, and an ultrasonic sensor estimates distance, and the status of the container is sent via IFTTT (if this, then that) to send text messages. This trash can can be used in places like offices, apartments, shopping malls, etc. This system is useful for automating waste management in a smart city without human intervention. This project uses sorting, solid waste management, IFTTT, Advanced Bin Segregator..

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Sensors, IFTTT, NodeMCU, IoT, MATLAB, SoC, LCD

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We know the pathology and the symptoms of Sickle Cell Anaemia according to modern science very well but its physiological changes are also important specially by ayurvedic point of view, if we try to figure out the physiological changes that is kriyatmaka effect of Sickle Cell anaemia on patients, it will be easier to find a way of treatment. Unlike many other diseases SCA is a disease which is not mentioned directly in Ayurveda. There is no such reference in ayurvedic classics to which Sickle Cell Anaemia can be directly correlated. There are many researches going on related to SCA. Even in ayurveda we find many Attempts for the treatment of Sickle Cell Anaemia, probable samprapti of of Sickle Cell Anaemia, study of Rakta dhatu in those particular patients and so on. It will also be useful if we study the disorders in ayurvedic view such as its affected dosha-dushya, the dhatus affected, the Ahara, Nidra, Bala, and all such ayurvedic technologies used generally to study and treat the patient.

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Sickle cell Anaemia, Rakta Dhatu, Pandu,

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Background of the study: Adolescence is a transition period from childhood to early adulthood. Because of the immense pressure imposed on adolescents due to the complications and ambiguities of this transition, their level of excitement increases and sometimes it appears in the form of sensitivity and intense excitement.to evaluate the effectiveness of assertiveness training on low self-esteem among early adolescent girls age group between (13-15 years) at selected community area of Panipat. Methodology: Research approach adopted in this study was quantitative research approach. Research design selected for the present study was A quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test control group. Settings of the study was Baroli village and Kabri Village. The sampling technique adopted for this study was convenience sampling technique. The sample size of this study consisted of 60 adolescent girls in age 13 - 15 years, in that 30 were selected in experimental group and 30 for the control group. Standardized Sorensen self-esteem scale was used to assess the self-esteem among early adolescent girls. The pilot study was conducted among 6 subjects in Babarpur village. Data collection period was for one month from 12 - 05 -2022 to 12 - 06 - 2022. The list of early adolescent girls who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were considered for the study. The adolescent girls were selected by convenient sampling technique. After establishing rapport with the study samples the data was collected. Time spent to assess the self-esteem level of adolescent girls (pre- test) was 30-40 minutes. Assertiveness training was taught and they were encouraged to practice the same. 60 - 90 minutes was spent on each session and totally there are 5 sessions. A period of 4 weeks was allowed for the girls to practice assertiveness training before re assessing the self-esteem level. (post-test). At the end of 5 weeks of practicing assertive communication and behaviour the level of self-esteem of the study subjects was re assessed, and the difference in score of self-esteem levels were considered as the effectiveness of assertiveness training. Results: In experimental group the post - test mean and standard deviation self - esteem score was 24.43 + 2.22. in control group at the time of post-test mean and standard deviation scores were 6.67 + 2.52. the mean difference score was 17.86. the obtained independent 't' test score was 20.429 for the degree of freedom 58. It was statistically significant at the 'p' value < than 0.001. This shows the effectiveness of assertiveness training program. Conclusion: The results of the current study show that conducting assertive training in high community areas helps to improve their self - esteem. Given that adolescent are among the most sensitive stages of one's life plus the fact that conducting such training programs besides their safe and low cost nature are effective and practical, it is highly recommended that such programs be carried out among high school adolescents.

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effectiveness, Assertiveness Training Programme, Self - Esteem, Adolescent Girls, Community Area

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In today's era, automobiles serve as a primary means of transportation. Consequently, the demand for parking facilities, especially in large shopping malls, is significant. To address this need efficiently, automation is a viable solution. The objective of this project is to develop software for an automated parking system. This system will autonomously manage gate operations and provide real-time information on the number of parked vehicles. When a driver approaches the gate, sensors will detect the vehicle, automatically opening the gate. A similar mechanism will be in place at the exit. Once the parking lot reaches full capacity, entry will be restricted until a space becomes available. The Automated Parking System employs a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) for effective control and management.

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Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Automated parking system, Automation

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This project, delves into the world of literature, focusing on the dynamic relationship between authors, genres, and readers. By harnessing social and information network analysis techniques, the project seeks to uncover intricate connections within the literary landscape. In this project a comprehensive Book-dataset is analyzed to uncover the relationships between authors, genres, and reader preferences. It starts with data collection and preprocessing, followed by the construction of a bipartite network that links authors to genres based on their literary works. Through advanced analytics, the project identifies author-genre associations and genre-based author communities. The culmination of this effort is a robust recommendation system that suggests books to readers based on the communities formed. This project impacts both authors and genres by helping them reach their target audiences more effectively. Authors benefit from increased visibility within their specialized genres, while genres themselves thrive with enhanced readership. For readers, it means discovering books that align with their interests and exploring new authors within the same genre. I further envision these well-defined author-genre communities influencing book searches on search engines, recommendations on e-commerce platforms, and advertisements on social media.

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literature networks, bipartite network analysis, author-genre associations, recommendation system, genre-based communities, reader preferences

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