Volume 13 | Issue 3

 Abstract

The proposed work designed a real-time smart fertilizer recommendation system for soil conditions using the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed system is divided into two modules. The IoT module of the proposed system continuously monitors soil characteristics such as temperature, moisture, and nutrient levels using NPK sensor. The artificial intelligence (AI) module containing artificial neural networks (ANN) analyses the soil characteristics received through NPK and suggests suitable fertilizers. The ANN model achieves a train accuracy of 95%. The proposed system aims to reduce soil degradation, pollution, and economic losses for farmers while increasing crop yield. The system uses affordable IoT hardware with a mobile application for user interface. The AI module is integrated into mobile applications using TensorFlow Lite (TFLite). The proposed system promotes AI-driven smart agriculture solutions and improves sustainability. In the future, the system can be implemented for various crop types.

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 Keywords

Internet of Things, Artificial Neural Networks, Soil Nutrient Analysis, Smart Soil Fertilization.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A Tailor is a professional who creates, alters and repairs clothing and other textiles, typically using a combination of manual and machine-based techniques. Tailors are witnessing a steady declined in business as most people are now opting readymade garments. But, the home-based tailors and garment industry tailors are facing many health issues because of continuous work and working posture. In this study the data was collected from 80 home -based tailors. The detailed information was obtained by online interview. The exposure was assessed by a questionnaire regarding age, gender, mode of employment, experience in sewing, working hours, resting time, physical health issues, musculoskeletal strains, safety measures done and give suggestion for improvement. The main focus on this study is to identify work related health issues among home-based tailors.

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 Keywords

Home-based tailors, health and safety, physical health issues, musculoskeletal strain, safety measures.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Working women pickup, a considerable measure of new skill and abilities associated with driving an organization as well as with personal improvement. In this study, we assess the "Workplace Risk and Safety Practices Among Women Employees Working in Food Processing Industries". The field study was conducted to focus on their personal information, anthropometric measurement, job-related information, health status, workplace risk their facilities and safety practices to be followed in food industry. The data was collected by face-to-face interview method using a standard questionnaire with a simple random sampling method. The Selected samples were collected from the districts of Dindigul, Madurai and Tiruvannamalai. Among the selected women employees most of them in the age range of 20-30 from this 88% of samples were married. In this study, it is noted that 23% people are in normal BMI, 18% samples are overweight. 92% of employees are having weekly off and regular day shift time. Among them 98% of women workers haven't felt any gender discrimination, 8% people are having skin related problems and 44% are facing workplace hazard. The 50% of female workers are working with heavy machines never faced any chemical exposure, equipment's/machinery accidents and physical hazards. Among the samples are 100% of selected samples showed that industries provide safety gears for the women workers. Among the samples 92% of employees stated that in their industry they prioritize the women's workplace safety. 82% of selected samples told that they didn't provide any transport facilities for women workers is the only disadvantage for them to reach on time to the industry. The selected samples showed that 100% of the women workers are trained in basic first aid to handle immediate injuries, burn and so on. The samples showed that 80% of industries have medical facilities, 100% of the employees consider that the industries provide safety audit orientation program, continuous power supply, proper toilet facility, sanitizing facility and drainage facility.

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 Keywords

Workplace, Women, Safety, Risk, Hazard.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Tanneries are high-risk work environments where unsafe conditions significantly endanger workers' health and safety. Unsafe acts, such as neglecting to use personal protective equipment (PPE) or improper handling of hazardous chemicals, combined with unsafe conditions like inadequate ventilation, poor machinery maintenance, and cluttered workspaces, contribute to frequent occupational accidents and chronic health issues. These factors result in severe consequences, including chemical burns, respiratory disorders, skin diseases, musculoskeletal injuries, and in extreme cases, fatalities. Furthermore, long-term exposure to toxic substances and repetitive unsafe practices increases the risk of chronic illnesses and reduces overall productivity. This abstract emphasizes the urgent need for strict enforcement of safety regulations, proper worker training, and continuous monitoring to mitigate the negative impacts of unsafe behaviours and hazardous working conditions in the tanning.

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 Keywords

High-risk, Unsafe, Health and safety, Improper handling of hazardous, Chemicals, Diseases.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Protective clothing 'hazards caused by extreme changes in physical environment, dangerous working conditions, or enemy action. Protective clothing required to shield or guard the wearer from infectious, toxic, or harmful substances while engaged in employment. Defence forces are the major users of protective textiles. The military wear has to exhibit unique performance characteristics due to the diverse hostile conditions under which it has to function. For this study the data's are collected from defence persons and the data's collected are generated for quick response code for security purpose. Camouflage fabric was selected for this study. Quick response code for developed as data-I, data-II, data-III and data-IV. Based on this codes which was applied using different techniques such as hand embroidery, screen printing, machine embroidery and fabric painting techniques. Among these techniques the DUQRME (Defence uniform quick response code machine embroidery)read's code very quickly, when compared with other techniques, when this code is applied in the defence uniform it can be easily identify the person's identity so that no one can miss use their uniforms which will be secure reliable uniforms for the defence person.

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 Keywords

Protective clothing, defence, Quick response code, techniques, Camouflage fabric

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Food industry is the collection of industries that produce a diverse range of food articles including agriculture, food production and processing, preservation, packing, and distribution. In every aspect of the food production and processing line, there are a lot of chances for the workers to encounter occupational hazards. A study was carried out through random sampling method in dairy units. A standard questionnaire was prepared and the survey was taken through personal interviews and google forms. The questionnaire includes socio-demographic profile and questions related to the occupational hazards faced by the workers of dairy units. The workers suffer from slips and falls in the unit is common and may lead to mild fractures, knee and body pain, and respiratory issues due to ammonia gas escape from leakage in pipelines in the refrigeration system. Sleep disturbances due to shift timings of the workers is quite common. The dairy units need to take care of the workers by ensuring proper platforms to work and mitigating the hazards encountered by them.

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 Keywords

occupational, fractures, distribution, ammonia gas.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This review explores the occupational health risks associated with the extraction of fiber from various sources which is a widely available but invasive species. This study aims to identify potential hazards during the fiber extraction process, including physical, chemical, and ergonomic risks to workers involved in manual and mechanical fiber extraction techniques. A comprehensive assessment of the work environment, including exposure to dust, sharp tools, and prolonged physical labour, was conducted to evaluate the risks of respiratory issues, musculoskeletal injuries, and skin conditions. Additionally, the review study examines preventive measures and safety protocols to mitigate health risks and improve worker well-being.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Fiber, Ergonomic Risks, Mechanical Fiber, Respiratory issues, Skin Conditions, Preventive Measures

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The power loom industry as a tool of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) has a great possibility to contribute a lot in the cloth production.In Indian economics, the power loom has a significant impact. Weavers in the handloom sector are exposed to numerous occupational hazards, and research highlights the dangers in the textile industry, which include manual handling, operating hazardous machinery, and being around noise and hazardous materials. These risks have been categorized as physiological, ergonomic, chemical, mechanical, and physical risks.This paper analysed the health issues being faced by the weavers and suggests measures to uplift them socially- more specifically from the health front.This review demonstrates the health problems that weavers face, including low back pain, vision impairment, and injury, as well as the anxiety that they experience. Anxiety, Lower back pain, and impaired vision were associated with the workplace environment.

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 Keywords

Power loom industry, Weavers, Hazardous material, Ergonomic, Health problem.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Professionals in computer aided design (CAD) are exposed to a number of occupational health and safety hazards since they work with computers for extended periods of time. Occupational health and safety (OHAS) is crucial in computer-aided design (CAD) environments to safeguard the health of employees who use digital design tools for extended periods of time. In addition to ergonomic dangers, extended screen time, repetitive strain injuries, and mental health risks such eye strain, musculoskeletal diseases, stress, and anxiety, this study examines the main OHAS issues related to CAD work. In order to reduce health hazards, it emphasizes best practices such ergonomic workstations, frequent breaks, sufficient lighting, and the use of ergonomic input devices. Also covered is how software features like automation tools and configurable interfaces can lessen stress. Organizations may improve productivity, lower work-related injuries, and give CAD professionals a safer, more comfortable workplace by putting in place efficient OHAS procedures.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

CAD, Health hazards, Mental health risks, Ergonomic Dangers

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

"Occupational health" is a collective term used to characterize all activities and disciplines devoted to maintaining and promoting the health, safety and the wage earners. Every occupational Environment such as a bakery is associated with various health problems that affect worker's health and well-being. The study was done to identify the occupational threats faced by workers of selected bakery units in Chinnalapatti. The data was collected from the working supervisor, staff, and non-staffing workers which includes information such as job nature, clinical symptoms, general health issues, respiratory health, heat and temperature, Musculoskeletal health, spin, lifestyle parameters and as mental health. The majority of the bakery workers were suffering from physical as well as work-related problems like stress, respiratory disorders, and joint pain/ back pain. Continuous work creates a health risk and tiredness among workers who are working in bakery units.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Occupational health, bakery unit, musculoskeletal, lifestyle parameters, stress, mental health.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Garment industry in India contributes a lot to the growth of Indian economy and plays an important role in providing the employment to the rural and urban population in India but it fails to foster education and health as key component of human development. There are different hazards faced by the women workers in garment industry such as exposure to cotton dust, noise and ergonomics issues etc. There are also some common factors, which are responsible to create the hazards in the women working environment the job strained, improper use of personal protective equipment stress, unhealthy women working environment and poor women working conditions etc. Most of the women workers are illiterate and do not know that what protective measures should be adopted for their jobs. To prevent the health issues of women workers in industries it is essential that the workers be aware of the various occupational hazards in the industry. It is also necessary that the management should take the necessary steps to protect workers from potential hazardous situation. This review shows the challenge and health problems faced by women workers in garment industry.

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 Keywords

Women workers, OHAS, Physical Hazards, Garment Industry

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The goal of the current study was to identify health and safety concerns and hazards for workers in the dyeing sector Water is heavily contaminated by the synthetic colors used in the textile industry. Textile colors are released into the aquatic environment as effluent because they do not adhere to the cloth well. As a result, the environment and public health suffer greatly when effluent from several textile factories is continuously released without first being treated. The impact of textile dyes on aquatic vegetation, water bodies, and human health will be covered in this review. By raising the chemical and biochemical oxygen demand, preventing photosynthesis, preventing plant growth, entering the food chain, causing recalcitrance and bio accumulation, and possibly fostering toxicity agency, and carcinogenicity, textile dyes reduce the aesthetic quality of bodies of water. Dye-containing wastewater should be adequately treated using eco-friendly technology to avoid detrimental effects on the environment, human health, and natural water supplies. This study aimed to review the different types of dyes used in industrial process and their contribution to environmental pollution.

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 Keywords

Hazards, Dyeing Sector, Textile Industry, Wastewater, Eco-Friendly Technology.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are common occupational hazards across various sectors, with many sectors implementing ergonomic measures to mitigate their impact through ergonomic interventions, however weaving sector in particular, faces a heightened risk of musculoskeletal disorders due to inadequate occupational safety measure, limited access to health services, and substandard working conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the occupational health risks associated with traditional handloom weaving, focusing on pain intensity and discomfort among 30 participants aged 20-39, all with a minimum of six months of experience. Pain assessment was done using the Nordic Body Map (NBM), while pain frequency and its impact on daily activities were evaluated through a modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and unstructured interviews respectively. The findings indicated that all participants reported at least one MSD, with 50% classified at a "Moderate risk" level and the other 50% at a "High risk" level. The discomfort significantly interfered with daily activities, contributing to fatigue, headaches, and vision problems. Chronic pain arose from repetitive movements and poor posture, with many weavers seeking medical assistance only when symptoms become severe. Additional hazards include stomach pain from engaging in the operation without protective and specialized equipment, the task involves excessive bending of the right hand while using an iron rod, leading to potential strain and respiratory issues resulting from the inhalation of fiber dust. This study underscores the critical need for ergonomic interventions, such as workstation modifications, mechanical aids, structured breaks and medical assistance to mitigate MSD risks. Addressing these occupational health challenges is essential for enhancing the health and productivity of weavers and safeguarding the sustainability of the handloom industry.

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 Keywords

Occupational health, Musculoskeletal disorder, Working conditions, Unergonomic workstation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Leather industry has significant economic influence; however, it suffers from the negative impact due to environmental pollution caused by tannery wastes produced during leather processing processes. Processing industries are causing much damage to the environment. Leather processing is one such industry which takes skins from meat industry and processed to produce leather through tanning process. It gained negative impact in society because of its pollution. The growing awareness of the human and environmental vulnerability, to the pollution resulting from industrial activity, highlights the urgent need for control and mitigate the degradation of the world as we know it. The leather industry, considered as one of the industries with a significant environmental impact, applies several chemicals, some of them considered as hazardous chemicals, such as chromium, in leather production. Leather industry also emits obnoxious smell due to protein degradation of the skin and results in generation of toxic gases such as ammonia, H2S, etc. Even though the recovery of animal skin discarded by the meat industry may refer to the concept of a circular economy, the pollutants used in the leather tanning process have a profound effect on the environment. The present review provides an overview of the leather industry and its significant pollution impact in the environment.

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 Keywords

Tanning, Environmental impact, Pollution impact, Hazards.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A person might feel under pressure if the demands of their job are greater than they can comfortably manage. Occupational stress is the negative psychological and physical impact of workplace pressures, environment, or responsibilities in employees. It can result from a worker's inability to perform their job due to a lack of resources or capability. Occupational stress can lead to long term health effect throughout the development of psychological behavioral or psychological strains. This paper represents the occupational stress lifestyle of the employees working in food industry sectors and measures to prevent them from stress.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Occupational, Work place, psychological strains, measures, stress

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This systematic literature review investigates the change AI technologies bring in the anticipation of work-related diseases through relevant monitoring, disease prediction, and intervention analytics within the exposure-disease pathway framework. The review is based on 18 selected peer-reviewed articles and conference papers, explaining how AI-driven technologies, such as sensors, wearables, and high-throughput omics, can enable real-time hazard detection and risk assessment. Furthermore, the review underscores AI's potential in driving personalized intervention strategies, and highlights significant methodological innovations, while emphasizing the challenges in dealing with psychosocial risks and vulnerabilities. Altogether, the findings advocate changing occupational health and safety practices concerning disease prevention forward to improve occupational health and safety, guiding ways for further research and more precise regulatory recommendations.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

AI-based Occupational Health,AI-based Occupational Disease Prevention,Exposure-Disease Pathway,Wearable Sensors,Personalized Intervention Strategies.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The normal way of chipping off contaminated concrete from bored cast-in-situ piles is by using either manual or pneumatic hammers, making it a very laborious and time-consuming process. This traditional approach poses very real occupational hazards such as high levels of noise pollution, air pollution, hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) due to long tool use and ergonomic discomfort to workers. Furthermore, the large amount of debris produced results in reduced productivity of the site and increased cleaning time. To this end, a new approach has been proposed that incorporates two major changes: (1) The use of synthetic foam-based sleeves to prevent reinforcement from bonding with concrete above the cutoff point and (2) The use of hydraulic splitters for precise pile head cutting. The foam sleeves allow the reinforcement to move relatively easily with respect to the concrete, thus easing the process of removing them after curing. On the other hand, hydraulic splitters which are placed in the pre-drilled holes, induce controlled fractures that enable easy separation of the pile head into one piece with minimal need for manual force. This detached section is then safely lifted using a crane, thereby leaving a clean pile head that can be easily incorporated into the pile cap. A field trial was conducted to validate the effectiveness of this method on a 1.2 m diameter pile with a 1.5 m removable section. It was observed that there was a significant decrease in fatigue, noise, and dust exposure among the workers, and at the same time, there was a great enhancement in the efficiency of the process. This innovative approach increases safety and sustainability in the workplace. It improves project management and execution, which makes it a suitable technique to be adopted as a sustainable method of removing pile heads.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS); Ergonomic Discomfort; Pile Head Removal; Workplace Safety

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper investigates the application of dye extracted from Tamarindus Indica (bark) in an aqueous solution and used to dye cotton fabric. Application of colours on textiles was achieved conventionally by using natural dyes which are environment friendly. A revival of commercial interest in natural dyes has opened several research avenues. In the present study, the natural dye were extracted from the bark of Tamarindus Indica on cotton fabric has been studied and the study was been carried out to optimize dye extraction prepared in aqueous medium and dyeing conditions for cotton fabric. The effect of variables on extraction and dyeing in terms of pH (4-10), temperature (30oC -100oC) and duration (30-90 minutes) were studied. The dyed cotton samples were subjected to fastness tests and colour strength. Colour fastness property investigations included wash, rubbing, perspiration, light fastness performance and antimicrobial activity. The dyed fabric showed good wash, rubbing, perspiration and moderate light fastness properties. K/S values of the dyed fabrics were also evaluated and the effect of mordant type with different mordanting methods on dyeing was studied and mordanted samples showed better K/S values improved with gallnut compared to alum. Dyed samples showed enhanced colour values, fastness properties and antimicrobial activity with mordants, this outcome specifies dye extracs from the bark of Tamarindus Indica it has potential for use in the textile industry.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

cotton, optimization, mordant, Tamarindus Indica.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

From raw hides to finished leather there exist three gross stages of leather processing. The first step, known as the pre-tanning stage, entails producing hides and skins using domestic livestock, such as sheep, goats, and cows. The conversion of raw hides into leather includes in the second stage. Most of the industry pollution occurs at this second stage. However, actual pollution loads depend upon the levels of environmental standard and the extent of compliance attached with it. The third stage, known as post tanning, is a labour-intensive, highly valuable, and less polluting step. This condition will affect the worker's health conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and patterns of health problems of the tannery workers, and to find out the factors associated with those health problems. A standardized, structured face to face interviewer-administered close ended questionnaire was used for data collection. Around 52 of workers were affected with at least anyone health problems. Majority of the workers were suffering from skin problem (35%) and 55 % respondents used personal protective equipment (PPE). Only 17% of the having the proper environmental condition in their workplace.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Leather processing, Industry pollution, Data collection, Personal protective equipment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Ayurvedsutram granthatil pranvishyak vicharanche yogala yogdan

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Ayurvedsutram granthatil pranvishyak vicharanche yogala yogdan

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition