Volume 13 | Issue 1 | January-2025

 Abstract

The government of India Act 1935 becomes a big constitutional reform enacted by the British Parliament with 451 clauses and 15 schedules. The Act granted provincial autonomy, increased the citizens to 10%, and created a Federal court. It brought elected legislatures and Indian ministers but retained key powers for the British Crown and Governor-popular, inclusive of manage over defence, foreign affairs, and veto authority. these boundaries fuelled the demand for full independence. The authorities of India Act of 1935 established an All-India Federation, provincial autonomy, and bicameral legislatures, which extended local power. despite those modifications, the vital authorities remained under British control, and the Act turned into enforced in April 1937. The Indian Independence Act 1947 turned into an act of the United Kingdom Parliament that divided British India into two new unbiased dominions, India and Pakistan. The Act changed into handed within the British Parliament on July 5, 1947, and obtained Royal Assent on July 18, 1947. Modern-day-day India and Pakistan, such as the West (present day-day Pakistan) and East (modern-day-day Bangladesh) areas, had been hooked up on August 15, 1947.

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 Keywords

India Act 1935, Indian Independence Act 1947, Communal Award, Mountbatten Plan, Decolonization.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This literature review explores the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in drone technology, highlighting significant advancements and emerging trends across various sectors. Analyzing a broad spectrum of studies, this review categorizes AI applications into key areas: autonomous navigation, real-time data processing, and machine learning-driven analytics. In military operations, AI enhances surveillance capabilities and target recognition, while in agriculture, drones equipped with AI optimize crop monitoring and pest management. Environmental monitoring applications demonstrate AI's role in habitat conservation and disaster response. The review also addresses challenges such as data privacy, regulatory compliance, and the ethical implications of autonomous decision- making. By synthesizing current research, this study aims to inform future developments and applications of AI in drone technology, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary approaches to overcome existing barriers and maximize potential benefits.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence (AI), Drone Technology, Autonomous Navigation, Machine Learning, Environmental Monitoring.

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Hydrogels are versatile, three-dimensional polymeric networks capable of absorbing significant amounts of water while maintaining structural integrity. First introduced by Wichterle and Lim in 1960, these materials possess biocompatibility, flexibility, and responsiveness to environmental stimuli such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength. Hydrogels are classified based on their origin (natural, synthetic, or hybrid), polymer composition, biodegradability, cross-linking type, and other characteristics. They are synthesized through chemical or physical cross-linking, offering a range of properties such as high swelling capacity, mechanical strength, and adaptability to biomedical applications. Applications of hydrogels span drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. They serve as carriers for controlled drug release via oral, transdermal, ocular, and injectable routes. In tissue engineering, hydrogels mimic extracellular matrices, promote cell proliferation, and enable sustained release of growth factors. Additionally, hydrogels are employed in cancer treatment, contraceptive formulations, wound dressings, and ocular therapies. Innovations like stimuli-responsive hydrogels and nanotechnology integration have expanded their use in personalized medicine and soft robotics. Future prospects include hydrogen-based hydrogels for antioxidative therapies and advanced drug delivery mechanisms.

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Hydrogel, biocompatibility, drug delivery, stimuli-responsive, tissue engineering.

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BACKGROUND: Pes planus is a lowering of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot, often known as flat foot because the navicular bone moving inwards and downwards from the subtalar joint .In genu varum (bow leg), the Tibiofemoral angle is increased where as in genu valgum (knock knee) this angle is decreased. AIM: To study the effectiveness of foot strengthening exercises with kinesiotaping on tibiofemoral angle amongst college going students with flexible flat foot. METHODOLOGY: Participants were briefed about the nature of the study and intervention. Their informed written consent was taken. 59 participants were selected based on the selection criteria. Prior and after the treatment the outcome measures that is NDT And TFA measurement were taken. The intervention protocol was given for 5 days in a week for total four weeks. Statical analysis was done and results were tabulated. RESULT: Statistical analysis for group was done using by Wilcoxon test. kinesio taping along with strengthening exercises is having significant effects on NDT and TFA in flexible flat foot. The final analysis proves that it is clinically significant (p value is <0.05). It justifies the improvement in health outcome post intervention. CONCLUSION : The study concluded that the kinesio taping along with strengthening exercises are effective in flat foot with genu valgum subjects. So, it can be implemented clinically as well. Clinical Implication : Given the significant improvements in navicular drop and tibiofemoral angle measurements, clinicians can expect that implementing these interventions may lead to better alignment and function of the lower limbs, potentiall reducing the risk of knee and lower limb issues associated with pes planus,it may be beneficial for clinicians to incorporate this technique into rehabilitation programs.

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 Keywords

ktaping, tibiofemoral angle , flexible flat foot, streghthening

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A lot of scholarly attention has been paid to the interplay between politics and bureaucracy. However, the political-administrative interaction in developing nations has received little attention in study, which has tended to concentrate only on wealthy institutionalized democracies. The relevance of interactions between politicians and bureaucrats is becoming more and more evident in the evidence on reform processes in developing countries. This study offers a methodical summary of the political-bureaucratic connection in developing nations, drawing from this work. Two contributions are made in this study. It begins by outlining four forms of political-bureaucratic relations--integrated, invasive, collusive, and collaborative--and providing examples of each. Second, it examines how nations might transition between several models of political-administrative relations and analyzes the key elements linked to each model. Therefore, the article offers a much-needed starting point for academics and development policymakers to get a deeper understanding of the dynamic between bureaucrats and politicians in developing nations.

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Politics,bureaucracy,interaction,institutionalized democracies,developing countries

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In recent times we see every other individual working hard to make a living. Some are entrepreneurs, others working in the public sector and some in the private sector. But what matters is not just the earning and living one is making through these jobs but also the satisfaction they receive from the jobs. Job satisfaction plays a very important role for a better life and well-being of an individual.This paper aims to find out the difference in job satisfaction and psychological wellbeing between male and female in the private sector of Jabalpur city. Two standardized questionnaires, i.e, Job Satisfaction Scale by Paul Spector and Psychological well-being Scale (short version)by Carol Ryff were taken to carry out the research.The sample included 170 Male and Female on the basis of random selection, their income range was from 15,000 to 35,000/- per month. Result reveals that although there's a difference between job satisfaction of both male and females, it affects the psychological well being of both genders equally which can be due to several underlying factors which is a matter of probe for further investigations.

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Job satisfaction, Psychological well-being

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Forensic odontology plays a vital role in criminal investigations, disaster victim identification, and human rights abuse cases. Recent advances in forensic odontology have enhanced its capabilities in identification, analysis, and investigation. This review highlights the newer advances in forensic odontology, including DNA analysis, digital radiography, facial reconstruction, saliva analysis, and dental record management. The role of forensic odontology in crime scene investigation, mass disasters, and human identification is also discussed. The review emphasizes the importance of standardized procedures, accurate dental record-keeping, and collaboration between forensic odontologists and law enforcement agencies. The integration of newer technologies and techniques has improved the accuracy and efficiency of forensic odontology, making it a crucial tool in modern forensic science. Furthermore, the review explores the application of emerging technologies, such as 3D printing and artificial intelligence, in forensic odontology. The importance of maintaining accurate and comprehensive dental records, adhering to standardized procedures, and staying updated on the latest techniques and technologies is also stressed. Overall, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the newer advances in forensic odontology and their implications for the field.

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Forensic Odontology , Dental Identification , DNA Analysis , Digital Radiography , Facial Reconstruction , Artificial Intelligence.

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Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve. The optic nerve sends visual information from eye to brain and is vital for good vision.As this nerve gradually deteriorates, blind spots develop in vision and the nerve damage is usually related to increased pressure in the eye. Elevated eye pressure happens as the result of a buildup of fluid that flows throughout the inside of the eye. This fluid is also known as the aqueous humor. It usually drains through a tissue located at the angle where the iris and cornea meet. This tissue also is called the trabecular meshwork. The cornea is important to vision because it lets light into the eye. When the eye makes too much fluid or the drainage system doesn't work properly, eye pressure may increase. Self-Attention Generative Adversarial Networks (SAGAN) is used in Glaucoma Detection that involves the capabilities of self-attention mechanisms to enhance feature extraction in medical imaging.

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Keywords-- SAGAN, Glaucoma.

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customer gets quiries get clarified by the chatbot by machine learning

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machine learning , chatbot

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition