Published Paper Details:

Due to rapid urbanisation in Indian cities, there is a need for urban open spaces to deal with the issues relating to the health and well-being of the citizens by managing densely populated residential areas. It is relevant in Indian cities as there is an increasing migration from rural areas to urban areas in search of livelihood. A balance between the built environment and the natural environment in the cities is essential to plan and maintain public open spaces, parks, and gardens making cities more breathable and environmentally sustainable. This research considers the example of Mumbai City in India. This research used a qualitative methodology that includes analysing the existing published literature, including research papers, reports, books, newspaper articles and text, that addresses the gap in the research about the function of urban open spaces and its impact on citizens' health and well-being. The research findings include how open-air recreation and access to outdoor spaces is an essential part of many people's daily lives, and outdoor activity provides scope for relaxation, refreshment, escape from every day and a chance to form social relationships. However, in Mumbai city urban governance policies at the national state and local level are found to be inadequate in protecting and enhancing the quality of open spaces. Also, in conclusion, the recommendations based on data gathered in terms of the migration rate in the city are related to the encroachment happening in open spaces and urban governance policies to curb this encroachment and reduce the migration rate. Implementation of this is possible by the urban governance policies related to the protection and enhancement of open spaces and by reducing migration rates through the provision of essential services and amenities at the rural level.