Published Paper Details:

Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a radiological study done under fluoroscopy to visualize the uterus and lumen of the fallopian tubes as part of assessment for female factor infertility. HSG is a safe and less invasive method of detecting both the tubal and uterine defects. The objective of this study was to find out the incidence of tubal blockage including its site and side diagnosed in subfertile Nepalese. Congenital malformation and surgery related finding of Uterus and fallopian tubes patency are major component of primary and secondary infertile women which is highlighted and compare spectrum role of hysterosalpingography (HSG) findings in both infertile groups were studied. A descriptive cross-sectional study between October 2020 to September 2021, was done at tertiary level hospital of Nepal after taking ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee of National Medical College and Teaching Hospital Birgunj. A total of 116 cases of the infertility meeting the inclusion criteria attending the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of National Medical College, Birgunj were enrolled. Out of 116 cases enrolled, 93 (80%) patients belonged to primary infertility and 23 (20%) were of secondary infertility and 55% of the cases were in the 20-25 years age group. Among the primary infertile subjects, 64% of the cases had bilateral patent tubes, 30% of bilateral blocked tubes. Among the secondary cases, 61% had patent bilateral tubes and 22% of the bilateral blocked tubes. With respect to patent tubes bilaterally, 60 cases were of primary compared to 14 cases of the secondary infertility. 69% of them had the infertility history of less than 5 years followed by 26% of the 6 to 10 years of infertile period. The significant number of proximal tubal pathology had the bilateral block n=17 compared to only n=2 of unilateral pathology. Out of total 42 cases of tubal pathology, proximal bilateral tubal pathology had the highest incidence with 40%.